فصلنامه جغرافیا (برنامه ریزی منطقه ای)
سال یازدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 44، پاییز 1400)

This article aims to study the factors affecting the neighborhood identity in Tehran and the relationship between the variables of social capital, lifestyle, contemporary capitalist economy, physical space, social security and telecommunications with neighborhood identity were measured. The theoretical framework and the theoretical model of this research was based on the ideas of Imric et al., Chapman, Lefebvre, Jacobs, Harvey, T.Hall and Jenkins. The method of research, survey and data gathering did with structured questionnaire. The population of the statistical community included Hesarak, Vahidieh and Velenjak neighborhoods, population was 56060 people, and using the Cochran formula for sampling, was 382. The researcher distributed 428 questionnaires to cover inappropriate responses. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive, inferential statistics and path analysis. Independent variables, except for telecommunications, had a meaningful relationship with neighborhood identity at 95% confidence level. The average neighborhood identity in the range of 11 to 55 in Hesarak was 33.80, Velenjak was 33.14 and in Vahidieh 31.32. The analysis of the path showed that among the independent variables, social capital was 0.555, life style was 0.470, the current capitalist economy was as much as 0.239, social security was 0.147, telecommunications was 0.122 and the physical space of 0.063 at the 95% confidence level explained the neighborhood identity. In addition, 53.6% of the variations in the neighborhood identity were explained by the variables within the model.

As a product of consumerism and neoliberalism age, sustainable tourism is a complex system and an academic concept. Today, sustainability has turned into a key variable in competitiveness and a primary purpose for tourism managers. However, it is not easy to create a sustainable tourism. It is essential to provide strong interactions between dimensions and key factors of sustainable tourism and its effects on the environment. The present research is of a descriptive purpose and in terms of results is practical; also, the data collection tool is a questionnaire. The purpose of this study is to provide an integrated framework for identifying sustainability indicators and assessing and evaluating the indicators affecting four dimensions of sustainable tourism development in Kerman. Firstly, questionnaires were distributed in different areas of Kerman; after that, the results were weighted by Shannon entropy method, then achieved values were contrastively compared by using decision making models (electere, vikor and saw), and were tested and evaluated based on having the coefficient of influence. Regarding the nature of these models and characteristics of urban areas of Kerman, different models show different results, which are stated in the plan of used techniques. To achieve an acceptable result, Copeland's POSET technique which integrates the results of three models of electere, vikor and saw for evaluation is used, and from the sustainable tourism point of view, four urban areas of Kerman are assessed based on this technique.

One of the most important economic activities in the current world is tourism, which is one of the most important sources of income and entrepreneurship in many countries of the world. C, the purpose of this study is to presentation and Analysis the effective multilevel indicators which can attract investment to tourism business in Aras Free Trade and Industrial Zone. .The statistical population of this study includes tourism business investors and tourism investment experts of Aras Free Trade and Industrial Zone that the number of selected population for tourism business investors was 43 persons and for experts was 15 persons T. The results show that indicators 1. Infrastructure 2. environmental attractions 3. The level and stage of tourism development in the destination and its market size, and the factors of encouragement and protection with the same priority 4. Economic conditions 5. Political and social factors 6. Access to Information and business laws and regulations with the same priority 7. Spatial and geographical factors have respectively significant effect on attracting investment in the tourism business. Also, according to the results of the research, the indicators were ranked closely together in a level that was determined in all four levels. These four levels are: 1.The necessary level 2.The preferential level 3.The consolidation level 4.The complementary level.

Assessing the role of natural factors in the location of ancient settlements helps us to understand and understand how the habitats are formed and distributed. The purpose of this study was to identify, evaluate and understand the effects of natural factors on the distribution of ancient habitats and determine the relationship between humans and their environment within the central district of this city. This research is applied in a descriptive-analytical way. In this research ArcGIS, SPSS and Expert Choice software were used for the analysis. The ancient settlements of Iron Age 3 (800-550 p.) Region were compared to the most important environmental factors including access to water resources, elevation level Sea, slope and direction of gradient of land, vegetation, soil, land use, land use and climate, which have an impact on the spatial shaping and distribution of human habitats. The results of this study showed that there is a strong correlation between all of the above mentioned factors with the spatial distribution of human settlements of Iron Age 3, so that the correlation intensity for all numerical factors was between 0.50 and 1, which Indicates a strong correlation between environmental factors and the spatial distribution of habitats. According to experts and experts, respectively, access to water resources, vegetation, land use, climate, land use, soil, altitude, gradient of land and direction of gradient of land, respectively, have the most to the least impact on the spatial distribution of ancient settlements in Mahabad Plain has had.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between climate change and skin cancer in Ardabil province. Multiple regression equations were used to analyze the relationship between climatic variables (frost, sunshine hours, mean humidity, maximum absolute temperature, minimum absolute temperature and average temperature) with changes in skin cancer at the stations. To determine the independent variables affecting skin cancer changes in the studied stations, a backward regression model was used. The results of this study showed that the correlation between climate variables and skin cancer in the studied stations is relatively significant and these correlations are often strong and significant at 0.01level with each other. The direct correlation between skin cancer and other climatic variables in the studied stations showed that the incidence of skin cancer in the warmer half of the year was more than the cold half of the year. Quantitative correlation coefficient and percentage of changes explained by backward model to justify the number of skin cancer incidence in the studied stations under the conditions of entry of all climatic variables and also in the case of removal of some low climate variables (entry of high-impact climatic variables ) showed that in the studied stations, the entry of all climatic variables in determination the amount of skin cancer incidence, between 79 and 91, and the withdrawal of single or multiple variables, and the remaining variables in backward regression model, range from 76 to 89 percent of these changes are explained.

One of the consequences of the rapid growth of the cities is the heat islands, where the air temperature of the cities rises sharply in relation to the surrounding areas. Anzali station synoptic statistics were used to detect and detect changes in the Rasht elemental elements over the period 1956 to 2017. The time intervals included mean temperature, mean and maximum temperature, precipitation, humidity, evaporation, sunshine and mean wind speed. the effect The heat island intensity of Rasht city was selected from the atmospheric synoptic models and its effect on climate elements, 6 days of 2010, and ground conditions were investigated with the Jumvord scale. Sunshine and evaporation have had the highest increasing trend at different months of the year as well as the annual trend. During the high-altitude system due to the stability and stability of the island, the intensity of the heat island increases, and this occurs during the low-altitude system and the instability of the air. After comparing climate elements Rasht During the reign of high altitude and low altitude systems in this city, it was found that the climate elements were strongly influenced by these patterns. So that the difference of more than 11.5 ° C in the maximum air temperature between August 5, 2010 and August 22, 2010 Also, the difference of about 29% of humidity on the same day indicates the intensity of Rasht heat island on August 5, 2010 This system is dominated by low altitude.

Attention currently to health at the community level,the appropriate distribution of health facilities and effective use of these facilities is one of the main objectives of the plan will be considered at different levels. The aim of this study was to understand the current situation and determine the level of the city Kurdistan regarding the health indicators health and determine the standard is developed and underdeveloped.The research method is descriptive and analytical and collected information on the population and housing census and statistical year the province of Kurdistan. by models,VIKOR, saw, topsis and HDI.Considering that medal results in some cases did not fit together so to reach a consensus on the level of development of the city and the rating model was Kandrst The findings showed that the city of Sanandaj, Bijar and Qorveh rank first and third, and developed,And developed city in the second, third and relatively developed city of Baneh, Sarvabad in the fourth and relatively developed city of Kamyaran, Divandarreh in the fiveth and developing Saghz, Marivan in the sixth and developing And the city Dehgolan in the seventh and is undeveloped. The results show the differences in levels of development. Also, there is no significant correlation and significant relationship between urbanization rate and health status development index.

In the perspective of the contemporary tourism industry, due to the increasing competition of tourism destinations, the development of the destination brand has become a strategic tool around the world. Having a successful tourism brand can be very effective in increasing the competitive advantage of the destination, attracting tourists and thus increasing revenues from the tourism industry and the prosperity of the national economy. The mental image and perceived value of the tourist destination in the northern region of Alborz province has been mediated. This research is a descriptive correlational study. The data required for this study were collected by random sampling method available from sports tourists in the northern region of Alborz province and a questionnaire. Also, SPSS 16 and Lisrel 8.5 softwares of different descriptive and inferential statistics methods have been used to analyze the data and test the hypotheses. The results show that the quality of tourism services has a positive and significant effect on brand image, perceived value and brand equity. Brand image has a positive and significant effect on perceived value and brand equity. The effect of perceived value on brand equity is positive and meaningful. The mediating role of brand image and perceived value in the relationship between quality of tourism services and brand equity and finally the mediating role of brand image in the relationship between quality of tourism services and perceived value was confirmed.

The two factors, the reduced fertility rate and increased life expectancy that age the population, have begun in developed countries since the mid-20th century, and they have now emerged. Considering the consequences of the upcoming crisis of aging, studies in the field of aging will certainly become of particular importance. The main objective of the present paper is to evaluate the place of urban planning with an approach to the age-friendly city among the various concerns of senility, so that in both the structural and content forms, it can analyze studies in the theoretical field in the scope of the age-friendly city in domestic researches. The present paper is of a descriptive-analytic type and based on a meta-study strategy, using a meta-synthesis methodology to analyze scientific research articles focusing on the age-friendly city in 19 related articles. In order to analyze data, methods such as systematic review and open coding have been employed. After the review, extraction of data was carried out. By coding the intended articles, general specifications and ultimately the conceptual model and theoretical framework of the research were expressed. On the whole, in order to present the cumulative meta-synthesis model, dimensions such as presence, safety, age-friendly communities, safety and sense of belonging were pointed out as the major dimensions of an age-friendly city, which form the theoretical framework of the research by careful indices. According to the theoretical model of this research, Age Friendly City policy making is proposed based on two pillars of place and participation.

Increasing opportunities for social interaction is one of the essential items of psychological needs that lack of attention to this important individual and social life of human beings face problems. The increase in residential complexes in the current century, which has occurred following the increase in population in Iran, has become an inevitable issue. The neglect of psychological needs in the design of today's residential complexes and the mere provision of physical needs leads to social anomalies. In this research, an attempt will be made to investigate the increase in residents' outdoor interactions in the complexes. In other words, the present study aims to improve the relationship between the physical, semantic and functional characteristics of the open space of the residential complex and social interactions between residents, by extracting the rules affecting this factor to promote interactions full of satisfaction and vitality to improve neighborhood relations. To be. Therefore, in order to achieve the architectural features affecting social interactions, by addressing how human-space interaction, theoretical concepts and foundations were extracted and the research structure was obtained from the fields of socio-psychology and architecture. Data were then collected to test the relationship between the variables to test the research hypotheses. Finally, the results indicate that all three factors have a significant effect on the amount of social interactions and physical and functional factors had the most and the least effect, respectively.

The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of using the physical filtering model of the city and the control model of the physical classification of the city and the productivity of the physical element and reduce the collective and cultural conflicts and contradictions of urban users. This study used a quantitative method and a questionnaire to collect data. The questionnaires were designed based on the 5-level Likert spectrum and the sample size was calculated according to the Cochran's formula. The findings of the questionnaire were analyzed in SPSS software as well as Smart PLS. In this study, we saw that urban planning and design has a significant role in reducing social challenges and conflicts in today's cities. One of the main effects of urban planning and design should be seen in the field of conflict reduction through the promotion of social capital. Body and soul are the two basic components of life. Findings show that the use of urban physical filtering model and classified control model has a key role in improving the physical and social status of urban.

A quick look at the form of housing in the country and other countries reveals this effect well. Today, architects and housing engineers make every effort to harmonize housing with the climate of the region to create a calm environment with bio-comfort for residents. In modern architecture, due to the increase in the price of energy carriers and the very high cost of cooling and heating buildings, many efforts are made to adapt and adapt housing to climatic conditions. In cold and tropical regions, this phenomenon has a strong effect on the household budget. Despite government efforts to help people cover some of the costs by reducing electricity tariffs and energy carriers, the burden remains on households. Therefore, the best thing to do is to try to adapt the houses to the climatic conditions of the region. Saqez city is one of the cities in the cold region of Iran that special attention should be paid to the compatibility of buildings with the climatic conditions of the region. In this research, the most compatible architectural model with the climatic conditions of the region will be identified and introduced using conventional scientific indicators in Iran and the world, and at the same time the degree of compliance of old and new architecture in Saqez with the compatible model will be examined and evaluated.

The rural areas of developing countries are suffering from various challenges including unemployment, poverty and deprivation, environmental destruction, inequality in distribution of opportunities and resources, migration etc., implying the failure of past rural development strategies in elimination of the challenges. In this line and in recent decades, entrepreneurship has been proposed and emphasized as an important strategy for sustainable rural development and located at the focus of development thinkers and communities as well as the agenda of world states and societies. Accordingly, having applied a survey design, quantitative approach, descriptive-analytical method, and questionnaires as the research instruments, the present study investigates the role of entrepreneurship in the sustainable rural development of Komijan county in terms of sustainability dimensions, namely economical, social and environmental. The research findings indicate that entrepreneurship projects and activities play an important role in sustainable rural development of Komijan county especially in economical dimension leading to improvement in the standards of living through creation of employment opportunities, alleviation of poverty, utilization of local resources and reduction of rural-urban migration. The application of entrepreneurship as a development strategic intervention is recommended and emphasized by the present study for facilitating and accelerating the sustainable rural development of Komijan county.

Transformation design is a centralized and interdisciplinary process that relies on individual imagination and methodological principles. Various architectural design models have been developed in the past that have attempted to connect the factors affecting the architectural design process, but they have not been effective.The researcher’s aim is to look into some of the factors and dimensions of tradition, as well as architectural achievements, that enable for the creation of a design model based on these factors. The typical factors that have unconsciously or consciously played a role in establishing of effect that have been considered by using the framework of the system and an analytical-descriptive approach and method in the current paper.The principles of tradition in the form of Goharshad Mosque were achieved thorugh spatial geometry, rotation, and a kind of transitional dicplacement by exterior walls, structural, and physical elements, whereas the principles of tradition in Reza Mosque of Tehran were obtained not only through fermi rotation but also by removal of index elements. A dome and a minaret shape the mosque’s framework. The other typical features include the presence of a garden pit and the distinction of the mosque from its surroundings. As a result, the tradition-based design model can be said to have values such as natural world harmony, spatial arrangement, form of geometry, visual design, and creativity and the design model of contemporary mosques, like Reza Mosque in Tehran, has drawbacks such as modeling past architecture regardless of construction time, simply modeling nature.

The main goal of this research is to reduce socio-cultural identity vulnerability in Ekbatan, Tehran.As a result of the descriptive-analytical analysis approach used in this reseach, it was realized that Ekbatan suburb or town avoided being similar to the architecture of some periods during its stages, time of construction, and instead tried to use cultural concepts and values than just apparent and formal imitation. However, we have seen a lack of attention to this problem in recent years, since the emergence of entertainment spaces and shoping mall in the heart of the complex, with a modern appearance, has harmed the town’s cultural identity. Now, in order to promote and enhance the socio-cultural identity of Ekbatan town, rules and regulations should be in line with the town’s need, such as raising the number of open spaces ,like parks and playgrounds that are suitable for various age groups, and increasing the length and depth of spaces among residential blocks for acceleration if the main road are closed, moreover an improved layout network based on star and radical patterns to speed up population entry and exit for minimizing the traffic, as well as the placement of outdoor land between frames with convenient accsses for residents should be regulate. As a result, design arrangements in the architecture of Ekbatan town must align with certain requirements in order to preserve stability and exsitence in the sense of the region’s identity and community, as well as the continuation of its activities.

In recent years, issues related to climate change and energy have become the most important focus in urban studies. In the field of optimizing energy efficiency in the city, buildings are the main focus and among the energy consumption, solar radiation energy on the one hand and heat energy demand on the other hand are the most important factors in energy efficiency in the city, which along with other climatic parameters, have the main effects on the quality of living environments. The main purpose of this study is to extract the optimal framework and structure of variables fixed in form of a device in the type of structural attitude to the concept of urban design in urban morphology, which can be a model of stability in the physical form of the city as a model explained. The present study is structurally analytical-descriptive that the method of data collection in the form of documentation, data generation, modeling and simulation using energy analysis software in the field of energy with a micro-climatic approach of urban climate such as ENVY-met. Therefore, 4 morpho-types were evaluated in the fabric of Tehran district 2 The research findings show the difference between the optimal and the current state of the evaluated parameters and the amount of difference and the effect of increased density in each morphology of the effective range based on explains the basics that high-rise building types have the most positive changes in the proposed conditions, and compact species have lower values, respectively.

Due to the increasing trend of destructive effects of land use change due to human activities, it is necessary to discover and highlight these changes in order to plan and make managerial decisions. In this study, land use changes in the metropolitan area of ​​Tehran during the years 2000 to 2015 were studied. For this purpose, ETM, OLI satellite image data of four periods of 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015 were used. Also, 1: 25000 digital maps of the study area and information obtained from the field visit were used to supplement the collected data. After pre-processing the images and correcting them, information was extracted and extracted, and land use maps were extracted for the studied years. The overall accuracy and kappa index indicated the reliability of the output maps used. The results showed that in all periods, the highest level was related to man-made use, the trend of changes in this use from 2000 (61.8%) to 2015 (78.7%) has increased and the area of ​​this use has increased. According to the results, during the three periods under study, land use, barren and other land uses have decreased in area and the rate of this decreasing trend has been more intense in the period of 2000-2005. On the other hand, man-made land use has shown an increasing trend during three periods. This increase is due to population growth and the highest increase in this land use has been observed in the northeastern parts.

This article reviews the economic position of recyclable materials in the regions covered by Amol Municipality. In the first stage; after editing, summarizing and extracting information from the field, documentary studies, interview and questionnaire we have used SWOT analysis to determine Waste management strategies in Amol city and the most important Strengths and Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats have been identified to present Offensive, Review, Diversification, Defensive Strategies. In the second stage, Internal and External Matrix are used after analyzing Internal and External factors to analyze them simultaneously. In the third stage; some strategies are according to SWOT Model offered to manage City Waste and finally using Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix QSPM has been determined which selected strategy options are possible and in fact, these strategies are prioritization. The findings of Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix QSPM show that the sixth Strategy 1WT(creating stable financial resources to provide required expenses for Waste management) with 93/3 has the most charm score for economic prosperity.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the causes and consequences of failure in integrated management of the Tehran City Green Belt with emphasis on the comprehensive plan of Tehran. The hypothesis of this study is that the formation of the current unhealthy situation in the city of Tehran Green Belt is the result of a series of failures at different levels of management and on the other hand, this situation itself produces a series of consequences on the body and soul of Tehran. The present study is in the category of qualitative research in terms of method. The main tool for gathering information was in-depth interviews with experts. A total of 31 interviews have been conducted with urban planning experts who have a history of executive and research activities in the field of city green belt, and the findings of the interview have been analyzed through the Grounded Theory. The findings of this study show that the main causal conditions include content and structural dimensions, while the main underlying conditions include procedural dimensions. The intervening components of this research are corruption, politicization, and political pressures, while the main strategies for reforming the city green belt management system include operational, legal, and managerial strategies that, if used, can have positive consequences in the national and metropolitan areas.

This article has been written in order to evaluate the research hypothesis, which is: It seems that the capabilities of Ardabil border cities in the geopolitical relations between Iran and Azerbaijan are effective. "The research method is descriptive-analytical. Theoretical foundations and literature of the research Using library studies and survey findings through the compilation and distribution of a questionnaire among the community has been collected and analyzed using SPSS software. Findings and results show a significant amount of test for the research hypothesis. Is equal to 0.00 and since this value is less than the standard level (level 0.05), so the test results and ranking of components indicate that the capabilities of these border cities at a significant level in the geopolitical relations between Iran and the Republic of Azerbaijan. Also effective according to the ranking table among the components and capacities of Ardabil border cities, items: linguistic and religious commonalities, capacities in the field of tourism and medical tourism, homogeneity of race and ethnicity, capacities in the field of transportation and holding Common celebrations and rituals (such as Nowruz) are better Tib has had the greatest impact on the geopolitical relations between Iran and the Republic of Azerbaijan.

Especially in the new era in which the establishment and scope of activities in several international organizations have been accelerated compared to the past. It can be seen that this is an urgent need, not only in international relations with governments, but also in the end of the United States' unilateralism in the new geopolitical systemDespite the above-mentioned stimulus, due to the increasing dependence of countries and regions, the development of international relations, organization and regulation of these multilateral relations has become more necessary than ever. Automation of approvals and activities of international organizations is a new situation. With this explanation, the World Trade Organization is one of the international organizations that has a special feature due to the balances it can create in the structure of the world system. To write now by examining one of the effective processes in creating a balance, namely the judicial processes of the World Trade Organization by strengthening the existing approaches to the developing being with the method of description and analysis of documentary and library studies that have been prepared and arranged. The results of the research show that the current WTO procedures in general and the judicial dreams of this organization in particular have been developed by giving concessions due to deepening in the new conditions, because it pursues geopolitical (formerly dominant) procedures to eliminate unequal In order to provide economic justice in the review of their cases, anti-geopolitical approaches include justice-oriented procedures that, if your opinion is taken into account.

One of the effects of the accelerated urbanization process is the growing number of cities as well as the transformation of rural centers into isolated urban areas; By upsetting the balance of spatial distribution of the population and planning, a great deal of social damage is inflicted on it. The annexation of the village to the city is one of the results of urbanism that has various desirable, undesirable social, economic and physical effects on the rural areas integrated in the city. This descriptive-analytical study was conducted using extensive documentary and field studies, including the completion of a household questionnaire in Darkeh and Darband villages in the north of Tehran metropolis. The subject of the research examines and determines that economic and physical, social and environmental factors have been effective in the process of annexation of Darkeh and Darband villages to the metropolis of Tehran and are probably considered as effective factors in creating conflicts due to the annexation of rural areas to the city limits. They return.

this study aimed to investigate and identify the effects of interaction types (continuous interaction, discrete interaction) on different types of capital (social capital, economic capital) among the citizens of the city of Isfahan.

The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of data collection. The research population consisted of people living in 15 districts of Isfahan, which according to the last census conducted in 1395 were 1961260 people. In this study, the sample size was calculated using G * Power software. The sample size with ρ = 0.17 was 384 and the number of samples in each region was determined on the basis of the percentage of population in the 15 regions of Isfahan,. Sampling was done by Quota Sampling. the Boholst (2002) Living Status Scale Questionnaire was used to collect information about life situation; Researcher-made questionnaires were also used to for the types of capital (social capital, economic capital). Structural equation modeling method and Amos software were used for hypothesis testing.

The results showed that there is a significant positive relationship between the types of interaction and social capital and economic capital.

It can be concluded that the more positive and continuous the interaction, the more social capital and economic capital will be generated. In addition, the results of the study showed that there is a relationship between different types of capital (economic, social,) and interactions. This means that if people have more capitals, their interactions will be more positive.

Nowadays it is acknowledged that simulation and commodification of architecture through ignoring the connection with the existential nature of the ecosystem, has spread across many valuable residential areas after cities, especially in the villages. This research study has sought to find the meaning given to the human inner self within existence and makes endeavors to scrutinize these hypotheses: A. In the endogenous theoretical development, human existence creates the nature of endogenous architecture through the interaction with the natural human ecology. B. Endogenous architecture is a phenomenological concept that creates man and his existence in the ecology through architecture. C. Socio-cultural implications or the human ecology determine the functional, geographical, climatic or natural ecology causes which construct the theoretical concept of endogenous architecture in relation to human existence in the ecology through qualitative methods and logical reasoning. Subsequently, with the method of semiotic and phenomenological interpretation, the endogenous architectural aspects are extracted as an instance in the case study of the architecture of Oraman village houses. The findings of the study demonstrate that endogenous architecture as a model for creating and criticizing the work, is a phenomenological concept that is the result of human existence interacting with the natural human environment observed in architecture (over time), and the continuity of existence and the manifestation of human existence for immortality in the adaptation of architecture with the ecology can occur by care, protection, and participation. And thus the relationship among man’s inner part, architecture, and the environment is crystallized.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of geographical variables in sales culture management in Ilam gas refining. The research method used is a mixed research method. The present research is an exploratory research (qualitative-quantitative) and is applied in terms of purpose. To extract the conceptual model of research In a small part, the Delphi technique has been used. The statistical population in the first stage was experts (university professors and specialized managers in the field of oil and gas) and in the second stage all employees were involved in trade and sales units in gas refining in Ilam. The statistical sample in the first stage 10 experts and in the second stage 150 people were selected at random. Delphi technique assistance in four rounds, 81 items were identified and after 4 stages of Delphi technique and expert opinion 57 items were removed and 24 items Remained, which were classified into three dimensions: structural, content, and environment. The results showed that according to Friedman test, content factors are in the first place and structural and content factors were classified in the next ranks of contractors.

The present study is conducted with a mixed approach and in two qualitative-quantitative phases. Considering that the main purpose of this research is to design a quality risk management model in the supply chain on the financial and quality performance of Iran Khodro Company, it can be said that in terms of purpose it is in the field of applied research and considering that in this research Library study methods as well as field methods such as questionnaires have been used. It can be stated that based on the nature and method, it is a descriptive-survey research. The sampling method in the qualitative phase is snowball and the statistical population in this section were upstream documents and records and articles and dissertations related to this field, which in the end after identifying the initial factors related to each of the variables using the technique Textual content analysis, the opinions of 15 organizational experts and university professors were used for interviews to identify the final factors and Delphi test. In the quantitative part, according to the purpose of the forthcoming research; To answer the statistical questionnaires by available sampling method, 207 people were considered as statistical samples and the questionnaire was distributed among them. Questionnaire data were analyzed using SPSS-LISREL statistical software. The research results showed; Formal control and social control have a positive effect on the quality performance and financial performance of Iran Khodro Company through the development of suppliers and product recall.

The current study aims to explain the patterns in the contemporary architecture of Iran after the revolution in terms of the interaction of originality and innovation. As the architectural revelation of every country in a historical series leads to the improvement and advancement in the level of a country’s architecture, it can also cause an improvement in the latent aspects of architecture in terms of originality and innovation and historical interaction with its vernacular and past architecture. Following the fact that after the victory of the Islamic Revolution, the beginning and movement of architecture in terms of changing the previous approach to a new attitude, therefore, evaluation of the level of innovation and interaction with its past architecture in terms of following the themes of originality, while changing the previous approach to the contemporary architecture after the revolution is one of the main criteria and goals of the paper. The research method is meta-analysis and deductive-reasoning. Research results show with the growth of past identity seeking in contemporary architecture, the topic of interaction and originality in the form of man and his cultural dimensions in post-revolution architecture becomes more manifested and visible and Westernism as a foreign culture has been suppressed and most of the remarkable works have an indigenous cultural mentality and identity prominence.

Today, the economic status of cities determines the future of cities and the economic future of the world, especially the developing world. Economic factors and variables have a major impact on the formation and form of the city, determining the physical characteristics, size, scope and etc, they have a city. Awareness of the structure and workings of the economy of a city, for planning at any level, including urban, Regional and national and land use analysis is necessary. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to analyze the economic status of Chabahar city and its impact on the dimensions of sustainability (social and cultural, economic, physical and spatial and health) in urban areas. The approach governing the research space is qualitative and quantitative and the type of research is applied. Morris Davis and Fuzzy TOPSIS multi-criteria models were used for data analysis. The results of Maurice Davis model showed that areas (1 and 4) with coefficients obtained between 0.5 to 0.8, in the group of moderate stability areas and areas (2 and 3), have higher coefficients and They are in the group of high stability. Finally, the results of fuzzy TOPSIS model showed that among the studied areas in Chabahar, area 2 with a distance from the ideal solution of 2.80, a distance from the anti-ideal solution of 2.79, and a similarity index of 0.67, the highest rate. It is influenced by the economic position of Chabahar.

Today, the rapid expansion of urbanization with the increase of environmental pollution, destruction of biological cycles and the creation of inappropriate structures in various areas of life has led to attention to the smart city as an irreplaceable solution to solve urban problems for managers and planners. It is located in 22 metropolitan areas of Tehran. The research method is descriptive-analytical and using field data (questionnaire). Statistical sample In order to collect field data in this study, the statistical sample consisted of a total statistical sample size of 300 people. Its analysis was performed using statistical analysis of T-test and Pearson correlation and TOPSIS. Based on this, the results of TOPSIS statistical analysis show that the intelligent citizenship index has the highest weight in terms of importance and impact on creating security, so that TOPSIS has the highest weight of 2313 0 0. Also, the indicators of smart economy with TOPSIS rate of 1856 0 in the second rank of smart governance with TOPSIS weight of 1810 0 0 in the third rank and environmental and dynamic dynamics indicators with TOPSIS weight of 0 ٫ 0792 and 0532.00 in the fourth and fifth ranks, respectively. Are. The results of t-test statistical analysis also confirm this, and based on this, the indicators of governance, environment and intelligent dynamics are at a reasonable level and the indicators of citizen, life and smart economy are at a moderate level.

Today, with the increase in population and consequent increase in consumption, waste production in various dimensions of household, urban, industrial and hospital has expanded rapidly and reducing waste production is essential.One of the main parts of urban management is urban waste management, which in all its stages, is one of the keys to success, awareness and citizen participation. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to analyze the dimensions of citizen participation in waste management in urban areas of Zahedan.The present research is a developmental research based on its purpose, in terms of nature, a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, and according to the method of survey type and descriptive-analytical implementation.For data analysis, descriptive and inferential software environment(SPSS)and model(ARAS-G)were used.The statistical population of the present study is the population of citizens of the five regions of Zahedan(672589 people),the sample size was determined to be 384 people using the Cochran's formula. The results of the study showed the relationship between descriptive variables (occupation, gender, age and education) and social acceptance of waste management, Women accepted far more waste management than men in Zahedan. Also, the higher the level of education, the higher the level of acceptance of waste management. The highest correlation is in the age group of 35-36 years and the lowest is in the age of 46 and above.The results of the model(ARAS-G)showed that among the five districts of Zahedan, District Five with a value of k(0.9324)has the highest rank in citizen participation in waste management.

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating role of strategic foresight in the relationship between relationship marketing and reducing customer churn . This research is applied based on the purpose and descriptive-survey based on the nature of the method. The statistical population of the study includes all senior and middle managers of commercial banks in Arak, which are 280 people, 170 of whom were selected using simple random sampling method. The data collection tool is a standard questionnaire. To examine the validity of the questionnaire, the content validity and validity of the structure were used and to evaluate the reliability, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and combined reliability were used. Visual PLS software has been used to analyze the data. The results showed that relational marketing has a positive and significant effect on reducing customer churn and strategic foresight. Strategic foresight has a positive and significant effect on reducing customer churn. The mediating role of the strategic foresight variable in the relationship between relationship marketing and customer churn has also been confirmed. The results of the study indicate that relationship marketing is effective in reducing customer curn, and this impact increases despite the strategic foresight variable. In other words, the implementation of relational marketing and its indicators by banks can prevent customers from churn. Successful implementation of relationship marketing creates a sense of trust and satisfaction in customers and customers will be loyal to the bank. Loyal customers will not be able to easily turn around or fall.

The purpose of this study is to explain NATO's international responsibility in geopolitical crises from the perspective of international humanitarian law. The research method is descriptive-analytical. Evidence shows that the growing expansion of NATO as an international military organization in the field of international relations has on the one hand strengthened international relations and on the other hand has caused problems and ambiguities in how it operates and consequently the acceptance of responsibility by this international body. Meanwhile, the special nature of NATO has caused more ambiguity in international law, especially in the implementation of the rules of international responsibility. The military nature of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has highlighted the role of members in the performance and direction of the organization's activities. As a result, it can be effective in assigning actions and creating a dual responsibility or simultaneous responsibility of members and the organization. It is suggested that changes be made to the structure of the nations and to the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations so that NATO's responsibility as a military organization shifts from a strategy of concern for the rights of nations to the rights of individuals.

Earthquake is one of the most important natural disasters that to date it is not possible to accurately predict the time and place, for this reason, the best way to deal with this accident is to Reinforcement of structures using new methods, especially in the field of concrete against earthquakes. In case of its occurrence, the loss of life and property will be minimized. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to Investigation of the effect of Daz shrub (Nannorrhops ritchiana) o on concrete engineering characteristics made of Iranshahr Daman river sediments and its use in Reinforcement of structures against earthquakes. In this study, 15 sediment samples were collected from Daman river sediments to prepare concrete. There are shrubs called Daz along the river, and the leaves of this Daz shrub were used to improve the strength of concrete. For this purpose, a comparison between single-stranded, double-stranded and three-stranded leaves in concrete was used. The results showed that the effect of concrete strength varied by changing the number of sheets from one string to three strings. Also, an increase in concrete strength was observed by the Brazilian test. The Daz shrub double-stranded of leaf of 10.1 MPa, the single-stranded 9.5 MPa, and a sample of cylindrical concrete consisting of Daz shrub three-stranded the lowest strength of 5.1 MPa. The results showed that the highest strength is related to concrete made of double-stranded leaves.

Today, globalization and competition of cities to attract citizens, investors and tourists, the image of the city and how it is perceived, globalization, shrinking space and time and the importance and role of cities in the movement of population, labor, capital , Providing distinctive services and attracting tourists, has made the world look like a market in which each country, city or region must compete for its share in trade, political, social and cultural exchanges of the world. Tourists of Azadarvand region use ISM, this research is a survey in terms of practical purpose and in terms of nature and descriptive method. Theoretically, 7 factors influencing the urban brand were identified using interpretive structural modeling and related models, these factors are: 1. Urban facilities 2. Social and cultural space 3. Holding festivals and scientific events 4. Infrastructure Urban Free Zone 5. Pattern Tourism-oriented construction 6. Stories and memories of people 7. Physical structure

Housing is also the main part of a country's economy, because it reflects the economic situation of a country. In this regard, the aim of this study is to achieve the most important economic issues in the course of qualitative changes in housing in Tehran during the years 2016-2017 and the hypothesis to achieve this goal is that the most important economic issues in housing in Tehran during 2016-2017 income issue It is the people and investment in the housing sector. The present study, using descriptive-analytical research method and library tools, found that in Tehran during the years 1395 to 1399, when the country's economy was in crisis, government officials and planners were looking to invest in the housing sector. During these years, due to the decline and stagnation of the income and economy of the people, houses became very small spaces, and this led to stability and stagnation in the field of housing. In the field of housing, the economic growth rate has faced an unprecedented decline. Therefore, in a general conclusion, it can be acknowledged that the economic growth of a city has a two-way relationship with the income of the people of that city and the condition of the architectural body of a building. Because in today's architecture, economics has a promotional and reducing role, economics as an actor in the architecture of the building, in its beauty, in the semantic dimensions in the social dimensions, in the dimensions of national capital, and so on.

Today by increasing of earthquakes and population growth and development of building industry in city or country areas, building designing against applied loads especially earthquake load have regarded by engineers. Also for supplying of life and financial safety, buildings should have appropriate performance against applied loads. In this research work, influence of scaling of near-fault and far-fault records have been treated in 4 codes 2800 Iran, 4th edition, ASCE07, IBC 2006 and UBC 97 Simultaneously. In this study 3 buildings have been used in 4,7 and 10 stories as indicators of low-rise and mid-rise buildings. The results show that in low-rise and mid-rise buildings Iranian earthquake code scaling has stricter rules to other regulations. By increasing of stories in tall-building (10 story) every four regulations has their own performance and could be maximum according to the kind and characteristic of earthquake (PGA, Mw). In fact, regulation of 2800 Iran, 4th edition, requires separated scaling rules for low-rise and mid-rise buildings. Drift ratio in ASCE07-10 has decreased %94 to 2800 Iran. Also this value for IBC2006 %93 and for UBC %89 has decreased.

In this regard, the aim of the present research is to analyze the social capital approach to physical development of the city (case study: Zahedan city). The current approach to the present research is qualitative and quantitative and the type of research is applied. In this regard, comprehensive studies were conducted on the research indicators in the study area. The Software (SPSS) and Model (KOPRAS) is then used to analyze the information. The results of the effect of variables of social trust, social participation and social networks on physical development were demonstrated by single-sample T-test. In all indicators of expression with the average obtained above the average of 3, the high impact of variables (trust, participation, Social networks) on the development of the physical city of Zahedan. Spearman correlation test showed that there is a meaningful relationship between the variables of social trust, social participation, social networks and physical development in Zahedan at a significant level of 0.000. Finally, the results of the prioritization of the five urban areas of Zahedan based on the variables (social trust, social participation, and social networks) were shown using the KOPRAS model, the region 5 with the value of pj obtained 0.3540 Rj values 0.0555 and the value of Qj obtained is 0.3803 and the obtained Nj value is 54.53 Is in the top priority.

The main purpose of this study is to design a skills development model for Iranian agricultural promoters with emphasis on capacity building. The statistical population included agricultural promoters of agricultural jihad centers in five regions of the country (division of the country's provinces according to the Ministry of Agricultural Jihad, each region includes 6 provinces) which is 8142 people and the sample size was 366 people using Cochran's formula. In order to estimate and confirm the reliability and validity of the research instrument, the indicators of apparent validity, content validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and internal reliability were used. The results showed that the structures affecting capacity building explain about 76% of the variance of the skill-building variable, which is very appropriate. In addition, the educational and technical factor has a significant effect on skill enhancement, which has become significant in relation to communication, technical and managerial skills, but does not apply in relation to social and economic factors and has not had a significant effect on skill enhancement. In relation to the cultural factor, it has had a significant impact on the communication and technical dimensions, but has not been approved in terms of managerial skills. It should be noted that among the mentioned indicators, the role of technical factor with the highest path coefficient was significant.

The purpose of the study was to design a talent management model for commanders of Amin Forensic Science University; a qualitative research approach was conducted in a self-contained data type. The statistical population consisted of experts, experts and knowledgeable people in the field of talent management at the Police Science University. Purposeful sampling was used to determine the samples of this study and to determine the experts. Semi-structured interview tool was used for data collection. To ensure the validity of the instrument in the research and to ensure the accuracy of the findings from the researcher's point of view, valuable insights from the professors familiar with the field and academic experts in the field were used, and the reliability of the test and method was tested. Inter-subject agreement was used to calculate the reliability of the interviews. The method of data analysis was theoretical coding based on data theorization method. The results showed that the components of talent management such as recruitment (talent management policy; talent identification / talent pool / talent based on demand and resource allocation), retention (workforce planning and talent management strategy), empowerment (Talent education and improvement), performance management (leadership and management of career development), and excellence (surrogacy; organizational loyalty and managerial / organizational experience) were identified in the talent management model for security police commanders. In this regard, the present study also sought to provide a talent management model for the commanders of Amin University of Law Enforcement Sciences to be able to meet future needs.

Urban agriculture has become a growing trend worldwide. Although there is a continuing debate regarding the benefits of urban agriculture for urban residents, there has been no comprehensive study on the role of urban agriculture social mechanisms that can encourage and facilitate social interaction. Therefore, this study was intended to evaluate the relationship between urban agriculture social mechanisms and social interactions in residential complexes based on a causal model. The survey was conducted with 265 participants residing in Rezvan Residential Complex in Shiraz, Iran. The results of the data analysis showed that the model could be fitted well with the data of this study, such that social participation, social capital, security and social health could well predict social interactions directly. The model also confirmed the indirect impact of each of these dimensions, with the mediation of urban agriculture and other dimensions, on social interactions. Overall, these results indicate that not only each of these variables can predict social interactions alone, they can also predict social interactions as one of the constructive dimensions of urban agriculture.

The major share of energy consumption in the building sector includes cooling and heating systems. However, today the need for thermal comfort of users is met by using mechanical equipment. Passive design method can help maintain comfortable thermal conditions in buildings and reduce energy consumption by minimizing the use of mechanical or electromechanical air conditioning systems. In particular, the implementation of solar chimneys to ventilate the interior of the building reduces energy efficiency. Solar chimney is a passive and innovative design. In this article, an evaluation of thermal comfort performance in a government building with and without solar chimney integration in Kerman is presented, which is modeled by Design Builder simulation program and using fluid dynamics method. (CFD) The temperature distribution and airflow were studied. The results of this study showed that the integration of solar chimneys can reduce the PMV (predicted average vote) by 55% compared to the base building and its values ​​to The standard range of Ashri 55 and ISO 7730 is approaching. In the continuation of the research, experiments were performed on creating the lower cavity of the solar chimney. So that the PMV thermal comfort criterion from 4.63 units to 2.56 units and the average room temperature in the hottest month of the year (July) from 36.21 degrees Celsius to 33.61 degrees

in order to eliminate severe poverty and improve the level and quality of life of villagers, create employment and increase their productivity, policies have been used by planners, but to what extent these measures and policies have been able to grow and improve rural areas. Provide the discussion that has been explored in this research. Findings have been prepared by field and library methods. The statistical population of the study is the villages of Rudbar city. Morgan method has been used in the discussion of the questionnaire to select a sample. The results showed that there is a positive relationship between security and the level of enjoyment of the villages in the city. The correlation coefficient between construction activities and population growth is between 0.7 and 1. This correlation coefficient shows that there is a significant relationship between the independent variables of development policies and the dependent variable of population sustainability. The population has been increasing during the two programs. A comparison of villages shows that more remote villages located in the highlands or in remote areas do not have facilities such as drinking water or employment for the villagers. The rate of migration or instability is higher. Therefore, studies show that the correlation coefficient between construction activities and employment is between 0.5. This correlation coefficient shows that there is a positive correlation between these two variables. Satisfaction with economic activities, in other words, satisfaction with future employment and satisfaction with current income play an important role in population retention.

Monuments play an important role in creating urban identity. they are upgraded to social-cultural landmarks. Dealing with the problem of meaning is mainly qualitative, and less literature has been used to quantify the meaning of architecture in terms of people. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the meaning of contemporary monumental architectures as socio-cultural landmarks In the view of the people, this research seeks to answer the following question: What are the sub-components influencing the promotion of an architectural building to socio-cultural landmarks? And what do contemporary monuments mean to people? At first, the literature was reviewed and summarized using theoretical and library studies, literature on urban sign and levels of meaning. The result of this section is a conceptual model of research in which sub-components affecting the role of architecture as a socio-cultural landmark and how they relate to the symbolic role of the building are identified. In the second part, the sub-components of the semantic section were surveyed through semantic differentiation test questionnaire to measure the meaning of the audience in seven contemporary Iranian monumental architectures. Descriptive statistics based on mean scores of responses and inferential statistics based on t-test and Tukey test were used to evaluate the results of the questionnaire. The result is social dimensions (tradition, power, media, economics, collective memory), cultural factors (rituals), psychoanalysis (subconscious and ethnicity), time (synchrony and diachronic), physical factors (Aesthetics), symptoms (visual, verbal, abstract, metaphore), climatic factors, social function are effective in shaping the meaning of an architectural work.

The issue of atmospheric perception in architecture as a suitable solution of human emotional coexistence in interaction with place is a kind of phenomenological discourse with a new aesthetic approach.This study deals with the position of the body in the process of atmospheric sensory perception from the perspective of Merleau-Ponty perception. . The method of this research is qualitative, analytical and interpretive with the field of phenomenology of bodily sensory perceptions and has been selected from the perspective of Merleau-Ponty ideas as well as free, axial and selective coding methods.In the present study, in-depth interviews have been used to explore the components of creating the atmosphere of the place through bodily perception and the heart of the interviewees' response. The research findings are based on the fact that atmospheric perception leads to strengthening the relationship between real experience and mental dimensions so that from this reinforced feeling, deep experiences of space and time occur before the audience and play a role in explaining the architectural meaning. The result shows that atmospheric perception occurs through the integration of the audience with space and the integration of memory and imagination in a bodily process and has an intuitive and physical nature and highlights the ability of the architectural effect in creating and directing the behavior of the audience. Components such as matter and texture, light and shadow, mass, geometry and scale, context and context, architectural details and climate play a decisive role in the process of creating atmospheric perception.

This paper discusses the impact of sanctions imposed by the US, the UN Security Council and the European Union on the lranian industrial technological changes. In this regard, at first, the sanctions imposed by the above three on six common fields (energy, banking affairs, petrochemicals, insurance, shipping and transportation) are being partly extracted in terms of quantity by the use of Principle Component Analysis approach. Then, by contribution of the data and statistics relevant to the estate industry 2_digit lSlC code and adding the sanctions variable, we estimate the model of this study by the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). The result demonstrates that based on the existing data, on the one hand, imposing these sanctions has increased the benefit of the whole production of nonmetal mineral industries (26) and official and accounting machineries (30) and, on the other hand, sanctions' influence has a reversed result on technological changes of the production of tobacco and cigarette (16) and vehicles, trailers and mini trailers (34).

The closeness of the law and regulations to the ethical requirements considered to be a powerful support for their acceptability and efficiency. On the other hand , the inefficiency of the criminal law in response to the economic crimes and considering the necessity of maintaining the public interest and security in the present era (Economic war) has led to the formation of an approach in the form of “The Executive regulation by-law on how to deal with crimes of the corrupters in the country’s economic system and the establishment of the special economic crimes courts, approved on Nov. 14,2018” which despite its ability to adopt to the ethical theories of utilitarian it has shown sign of ethical retreats. In this article by using the descriptive and analytical methods as well as the computerized and library resources, we have studied some factors such as the equality of arms,ignorance of the principles of innocence, acceleration of the legal actions, and so we have suggested the solution that in order to keep pace with the ethics, religious teachings and certain principles of the criminal law the regulations and law should be revised and for the justice system to be more efficient and have better judgments this revision seems to be necessary.