نشریه مطالعات جامعه شناسی
سال دهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 36، پاییز 1396)

Development is a linguistic issue, and developing action(s) is a kind of language game with many forms. Language is the essence of culture and "mother tongue" is the essence of humanity (being human). With such a potential that empirical paleontology studies, bio-anthropology, linguistics, and sociology reaffirm it, every human being, with a linguistic basis, is a linguistic issue. Human life is not conceivable for human being without language. This article, from the perspective of postmodern is sociology, and with the reverence of Heidegger, who said: "language is the home"; language is as the home of development and mother tongue is its spirit and soul. Development and under-development are not inherent in a particular language. Each language has a form of development game (s) in itself and its actualization is the kind of way in which culture (Interlingual, inter-language games) will be its home. This mode is not necessarily western and modern, and development is not necessarily a modernization. In this context, security and institutionalized freedom are structural and development will eventually be an "accidental". With this framework and theoretical elements, the development of Japan in the “Japanese language” was evaluated. Citing the epistemic characteristics of the Japanese language, as well as the findings of the language games of the two leading Japanese developers (Sony and Honda), we come to introductory elements of the interplay games in the identity of the Japanese development as a recovering. In the research process, the consistency of findings with the linguistic components of development in the Japanese context, with the components of the language of postmodernity, and the theory of Max Weber, was guessed that came to a positive result in an introductory test. Based on the microeconomic narratives of development, in some parts of the Japanese companies, the present study sought to draw on a lively development of Japanese language development games, as well as a new development style. And the design and implementation of other research in this area will reflect a realistic picture of Japanese language development games.

The aim of this study was to investigate the job and family-work conflict among employed women in governmental institutions of Tabriz. The study population consisted of all married women employed in state institutions of Tabriz. The sample size determined by Cochran formula was 278 and the sampling method used to find respondents was Simple Random method. Measurement tool was Carlson’s et al (2000) multi-dimensional 18-points Questionnaire of work-family conflict.  The data were analyzed by spss19 using Pearson correlation and analysis of variances to test hypothesis. Research results indicate that, total work-family conflict is different due to job type and education of respondents. The average of total work-family conflict between service jobs and under bachelor’s degree is higher than the other respondents. The correlation between work-family conflict and job experience is not significant. On the other hand the correlation between work-family conflict and income is reverse and significant.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between social trust and teachers’ lifestyle in Tabriz 4th education district. The research method is survey. The study population consisted of all female teachers in Tabriz 4th education district in 95-94 educational year (300 teachers). The sample size determined by Cochran formula was 168 and the sampling method used to find respondents was stratified random sampling method. To measure the research variables, a questionnaire in a Likert scale was used. According to the research findings obtained from analysis of variance, there is a significant difference between teachers’ interpersonal trust, institutional trust, generalized trust, and civic trust in terms of different life styles. Also, there is a significant difference between teachers’ social trust in terms of age, residence and education.

The importance of borders is known as privacies in diplomatic relations and it is based on international conventions and universal rights as a factor for stability and peace between nations or disputes and conflicts among them. Therefore, an important part of foreign and domestic policies is in compliance with the borders formed and defined based on geopolitical position of the border. One of the tensest borders of Iran is northwest boundary which has long noteworthy for authorities. Although the borders have been the places for conflicts and tensions between governments, direct and wide impact of borders in national security, sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity and diplomacy reveals the importance of borders. The importance of border is not a factor for separation of nations and government contradictions, but is known as a ring for connecting them. Understanding the impact of cross-border markets, problems of sectarianism, presence of terrorist groups in the border, Turkey’s membership in the North Atlantic Treaty organization (NATO) and role of media are the purposes of this research that can be considered as examples of security challenges in Iran and Turkey border.

This Research is done to determine the relationship between the amount of organizational justice perception and conscientiousness of Tabriz Radio and TV staff and also to find the significant relationship between them. Statistical community in this Research is all staff of Tabriz Radio and TV who was 235 people. The sample size determined by Cochran formula was 147 and the sampling method was Stratified Random method. Research method is descriptive and is of correlation type. Also, in terms of purpose is functional and is conducted in field. Data collection tools were two questionnaires of organizational justice (Nihof and Mermen 1998) and working conscience (Casta and mac gray 1992). The results represent that, there is a meaningful relationship between organizational justice perception and conscientiousness of Tabriz Radio and TV staff and its dimensions such as procedural, distributive and interactive justice. But there is no positive relationship between information justice.

This study investigated the problems of non-native teachers of Tykmehdash and the effects of those problems on the quality of teaching and also to seek out ways to improve the quality of teaching. Statistical community is made ​​up of all teachers in this area among whom 125 teachers were chosen as the sample of the study (according to Cochran formula) using stratified sampling method. The study is descriptive and correlational and the measurement tool is a ​​questionnaire that its validity and reliability measured through content validity and Cronbach's alpha respectively. The results showed that, the overall quality of teaching of native and non-native teachers is moderate. Also, there is a meaningful relationship between the quality of teaching and teachers' job satisfaction and collective values. A reverse correlation was found between social alienation and years of teaching. To measure the teaching quality in terms of gender, education and transportation resources in native and non-native teachers, two-way analysis of variance was used. The results indicated that, the opposite effect of gender and two types of teachers is significant, but the opposite effect of teachers’ certificates and transportation facilities and two types of teachers is not significant.

Organizational social engineering management is one of the effective factors in increasing the productivity, because every situation in organizations needs arranging its social engineering and the knowledge of managers from these theories and patterns help them in doing their duties and in approaching to their goals. Organization success in reaching to effective social engineering management goals focused on organizational citizen and organizational social efficiency is the main problem of this study. The population of this study is managers, specialists and workers of manufacturing organizations of Tabriz. Because of limitations, only five organizations selected for data collection. According to results, settlement of organizational social engineering management were determined for each organization on base of activity type to improve performance of managers, specialists and workers focused on satisfaction and organizational social efficiency of workers.

In the contemporary era, one of the events that affected the language and content of Persian poetry was the Iran- Iraq war. The committed poets of this land used all their arts and talents to create the epics of this period and with their efforts a literature was created that is known as holy defense literature. The holy defense literature is one of the main branches of Islamic Revolution literature which deserves serious study especially by younger generation researchers. The method used to analyze the themes or values of the holy defense was a descriptive analysis of the content using the Shannon entropy method. The results show that, the amount of attention to the high values of the holy defense in the book (I am slightly wavy), 3. 07% and (the wicked division) with 37.85%, respectively, have the least and the most frequencies in the field of the high values of holy defense. Also, among those highlighted values, the highest coefficient of importance is for the commanders' responsibility (0.774) and the lowest coefficient of importance is for intimacy and cooperation (0.303), the joke (0.031) and the visit of the martyrs’ family (0.038).