نشریه مطالعات جامعه شناسی
سال چهارم شماره 4 (پیاپی 13، زمستان 1390)

The present study examines direct and indirect effects of religiosity on health. The health variable is considered in four dimensions of physical, mental, social and spiritual and the indirect effect of religiosity on health is examined through social support and self-esteem. To explain the relationship between variables the theories of Durkheim, Allport, Wilkinson, Pargamnt, and cooper smith have been used. The research method is survey and the data collected through a questionnaire.400 students were selected as the sample of the study using Cochran formula. In order to test the hypotheses Pearson correlation, regression analysis and path analysis were used.The results of Pearson correlation show that there is 99 percent significant correlation between religiosity, social support and self-esteem and overall health. In addition the results of multivariate regression analysis reveal that these independent variables explain 15.1% of variance of general health, 9.4% of variance of physical health, 23.2% of variance of mental health, 12.7% of variance of social health and 40.2% of variance of spiritual health.   Furthermore the results of path analysis indicate that religiosity doesn't have significant effect on general and social health. Religiosity has also indirect significant effect on these dimensions. These findings confirm the implications

Success in achieving the goals of the social environment management which is the key factor in increasing productivity is the problem of this study. In other words, the main purpose of this study is to determine the social environment management of organization to improve the staff performance based on satisfaction and organizational social motivations. Statistical population of the study has been managers, specialists and workers of service organizations of Tabriz city. Because of some limitations, only five organizations were selected for data collection. According to the results, applying principles of social environment management for each organization on the base of activity type that can improve the performance of managers, specialists and workers based on satisfaction and organizational social motivation of workers is determined.

The present research examines the effective factors in migration of villagers to Miandoab. Independent variables include differences in urban and rural incomes, migrants' age, marital status, the distance between origin and destination, welfare, health, recreation and educational facilities in the city and the amount of land under cultivation. The research method was survey and the data was gathered with questionnaire at micro level. Grejsy and Morgan's sampling method was used as well. The statistical population of this study was 1886 people and the sample was 310 people. The previous researches were used in this research as well. The theories used in this study included Evert Lee theory, Michael Tadoro theory, Marxist migration theory, Zipef theory or the migration attraction theory, systematic view, Ravenistien theory, diversity theory, dependency theory, theory of evolution, the theory of Larry Sastad and functional theory. The findings of the research show that there is a significant relationship between independent variables and migration. But there was no meaningful relation between the amount of the land under cultivation and migration. The results show that all hypotheses are meaningful in this research that are the relationship between migration and age, , marital status, the distance between origin and destination and welfare, health, recreation and educational facilities. Also there is inverse relationship between the amount of the land under cultivation and migration. At the end, some suggestions and guidelines are provided.

The research titled “Comparative examination ofthe rate of satisfaction among employed women and housewives” is done in orderto illustrate the effect of employment on their marital satisfaction.  The research methodology iscausative-comparative. Regarding that the measurement system in this research isbased on the standard measurement and its stability ismeasured by different people with alpha ratio more than 90 percent, so there isno need to test it again. This means that the research can rely on previousreports. The data of the research collected through standardized questionnaireby 150 employed women (who are teachers in 6th district) as a control group and150 housewives as a comparing group. For data analysis descriptive statisticsand chi-square test were used. Results shows that there is relation between thejob and the rate of satisfaction of economic status of family, satisfaction ofthe  children training and satisfactionof activities in leisure time

Nowadays life Insurance is one of the most important economic tools and it has several applications the most important role of it is securing the future of the family. Also life insurance is known as one of the major sources of funds and its saving role is more prominent. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of social and economic factors (per capita income, inflation, interest rates, financial development, dependency ratio, education and life expectancy) on life insurance demand in Iran and CIS countries over the period 2001-2009 using the Panel data.  Research findings show that per capita income levels, interest rates, the level of financial development, education and life expectancy are the most important factors affecting the demand for life insurance. In this regard, the young dependency ratio has an inverse relationship with the demand for life insurance.

Today, most experts believe that critical thinking provides understanding and knowledge assessment for learners, and it is vital for working decision makings, clinical judgment, professional success and effective participation in community activities. Regarding the practicality of the rehabilitation graduates functions; this study was conducted to study critical thinking skills in students of University of Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences. The research method is correlation, and 221 students were selected by using multi-stage random sampling and critical thinking test was given. For data analysis of the descriptive tests, the Independent T-test, r Pearson Reliability and One-way ANOVA were used. The results of ANOVA showed that there is no significant difference between the mean score of students ' critical thinking skills in terms of the total score and each of the subscales, (F=.698; p=0.594). There is a significant difference in the total score of critical thinking among students of different academic levels, (F=4.87; p=0.009). Also, there is no significant difference between mean of critical thinking (and its subscales) of the students and each of the variables of age, sex and location. The relationship between educational level and marital status and critical thinking skills is significant (p=0.01).The students' total score of critical thinking is in moderate to good, and in terms of their subscales is in lower moderate. In other words, students' critical thinking is not in good condition so appropriate revision of curricula and teaching critical thinking workshops can be effective for students in solving this challenge.

Family is one of the most important institutions of society and father as important member of family has effective function in three levels of social system of family (macro, micro and middle level). This paper aims to recognize the main factors that influence fathers' disapproval of his role in the family. The research is descriptive and explanatory and 500 fathers living in Tehran with at least one child who are not married were interviewed. Sampling method is classification of probability and the theoretical framework of the study has been developed in three levels of median, macro and micro. Using a Durkheim, Weber and Marx theories the following variables are studied: changing in division of labor, father’s dependency to parents, changing of father’s practical tasks, generational differences between father and children, educational, age and job differences between women and men, patriarchy, the power of women. In micro sociological level, allegiance of women and the father’s assumption of his role in family are recognized.

The purpose of this study is the examination of the relationship between cultural capital and Tabriz high schools managers' cultural intelligence. Cultural intelligence is an individual’s ability to understand, interpret and function effectively in multicultural situations. To determine the cultural capital, Bourdieu's theory is used. Other independent variables are: cultural knowledge, cultural mindfulness, cultural skills, education, cultural participation, and cultural communication. Research methodology is survey and correlative. The statistical population consists of all Tabriz high schools managers within educational year of 1390-1391, and the data collected by a questionnaire and stratified sampling. The reliability of the instruments is tested by Cronbach's alpha and the data have been analyzed through Pearson's correlation coefficient. The results show that there is a significant positive relationship between cultural intelligence and cultural capital, cultural knowledge, cultural mindfulness, cultural skills, education, cultural participation, and cultural communication. Also, regression analysis results show that, the independent variables of cultural participation, cultural capital, cultural mindfulness and education have been able to explain 73 percent of the variance of cultural intelligence (dependent variable).