نشریه مطالعات جامعه شناسی
سال هشتم شماره 1 (پیاپی 26، بهار 1394)

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between social alienation, economic poverty and beliefs with hope for the future in Students of Islamic Azad University of Marand in 2015-2016 academic years. The purpose of this study is Practical, the method of the study is descriptive and from data collection perspective is Fieldwork. The study population consisted of all Marand Islamic Azad University students who were 5800subjects.The sample size was 360 that was estimated using Cochran formula and were selected by stratified cluster sampling method. For datacollectiontwoquestionnaireswere used: Miller Hope Questionnaire (MHS)and researcher-made questionnaire with the acceptable reliability and validity. For statistical analysis descriptive and inferential statistics, correlation coefficient and Student T test were used.  Results show that, hope for the future has negative relationship with social alienation and economic poverty, and has a positive relationshipwith beliefs. Also One-way analysis of variance shows that, the impact of gender and educational level variables is not meaningful on the students hope for the future.

In most cities of the world, ordinary crimes are the serious threat to human beings personal integrity and his assets. Too much occurrence of the crime in urbane environments is not only inconsistent with the tenets of social order, but also, brings heavy losses, the loss of economic resources, frustrated citizens and general deterioration in the quality of life. This research conducted to examine the social factors associated with the propensity to commit crimes in ten districts in Tabriz. The population of the study is all people residents in 10 districts of Tabriz (1494998) and 1216430 people above 15 years old among whom 384 people were selected using Cochran and random sampling methods. The research method is survey and a questionnaire used to collect data. The results are as follows: there is relationship between poverty and tendency to commit crime as 0.547, between religiosity and tendency to commit crime as -0.617, between population density and tendency to commit crime as 0.296, between offenders’ population density and tendency to commit crime as 0.569, between family turmoil and  tendency to commit crime as 0.705, between availability of facilities and spaces for recreation and sport and  tendency to commit crime as -0.578, between age and tendency to commit crime as -0.113. Also, the regression results show that, family turmoil (0.353), religiosity (0.2230) and poverty (0.244) variables have the highest influence on the tendency to commit crime.

In developing countries, urban areas grow mainly by migration of rural population, and it results in unplanned and informal growth spesially in metropolises. The unbalanced growth cause to unsustanability and appear in social and spatial discrimination, poverty, settelment in high risk areas and the other same consequences. Tabriz, one of the Irans metropolises, had been proposed as the destination of emigration in north-west region befor the beginning of the development planning. The migrated population pushed and setteled on suburbs and unsustainable grounds with high steeps, because they had been unable for the charge of land price and not match in terms of social-economical aspects. House construction with poor materials and unstable structures, poverty and livelihood dependent on unstable jobs, existing of the high natural risk like earthquake and landslide, high growth rate of the population, inappropriate network in informal settelments and so on would be inevitable as long as the emigration contries. This issue brings up necessity of paying attention to sustability indexes in planning of informal settelments.

This research aims at clarifying the relationship between social capital and citizens’ social security in Sardasht. The population of the study includes all people who are above 18 years old in Sardasht that were 17321. This study is a survey and 375 were selected as a sample using multi-stage stratified sampling method. To test the relationship between social capital and social security the Pearson test was used. The results show that, there is a relationship between social capital and social security. The more social capital among people, the more social security is felt.
Our findings show that greater the social capital will be increased sense of security and for each of the four21 dimensions of social capital was significant and In the final analysis, social participation index has shown the highest correlation with the feeling of social security. Among the individual components either gender, have been effective in the sense of security.it is suggested that, cultural planners with careful and deliberate planning and strengthen the four major indicators of social capital try to develop the sense of security.

Migration is one of the influencing factors on population and it has long-term and short-term positive and negative effects, which these effects change the social and economic structure in regions of origin and immigration. Many factors affect the migration, in which the role literacy rate is very important. By increasing people's awareness, level of education as one of the indicators of the development improves workforce skills, expertise and the living standards. It can affect the motivations of migration. In this paper, in addition to literacy rate the effect of economic growth, unemployment and Internet penetration on migration has been studied using the 1390 data. Empirical results from employing Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) technique show that the effect of literacy rate on migration is negative.

The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between social capital and religiosity   with a sense of connection to nature among Islamic Azad University of Tabriz students.The population of the study is all students in Islamic Azad University of Tabriz (31447) from whom 323 students were selected as the sample size using Cochran formula and stratified sampling methods. Instrument in this study is a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was tested using face validity. Also, the reliability was estimated through Cronbach's alpha as follow: the rate for sense of connection to nature questionnaire is 0/74, Environmental awareness 0/62, Social capital 0/72, cultural capital 0/74, responsibility 0/74, Environmental ethics 0/72, and Religiosity 0/84 respectively. According to the results of testing hypotheses, there is a meaningful relationship between social capital, religiosity and age with a sense of connection to nature. Moreover, there is a meaningful difference between male and female students’ sense of connection to nature.

The purpose of this study is to examine cultural and social factors associated with teachers’ social confidence levels in the first year high school in Salmas city is 1393-94 educational years. The population of the study is all searchers ion Salmas, and the sample size using Cochran formula is 147 males and 103 females who were selected by cluster random sampling. The validity of the questionnaire is of face validity type and its reliability was estimated by Cronbach alpha. The final data in descriptive level were analyzed by frequency, percentage and diagram and in inferential level were analyzed using variance, Pearson and T test. The findings show that, there is a direct and meaningful relationship between independent variables of (Religious beliefs, social security, Traditionalism, Social status, Altruism) with teachers’ social trust. Also, there is a reverse relationship between background variables of (education, field of teaching, teaching location and gender) social confidence.

In this study, it is tried to examine the relationship between social capital and its dimensions basing on the use of media. The method of research was descriptive and correlational. The study population includes all managers of both first and second course of high school in district 2 of Tehran that 171 were selected randomly as a sample of the study. The data was (Delaviz) questionnaire of social capital that its reliability and validity has proven. The use of media in this study means using television, Internet and mobile phones, which were measured by a self-designed questionnaire. Results show that, there is meaningful correlation between the dimensions of social capital and using media. Also,the use of TV, Internet and telephone significantly change the social capital index and participation of the local community in one direction and explained.It also causes changes in social trust, collaboration and relationships on social networks in order to explain the antithetic.