مجله دانشکده علوم پزشکی نیشابور
پیاپی 32 (پاییز 1400)

New evidence indicates the anti-inflammatory effects of soy isoflavones. The purpose of this study is conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trial articles on the effect of soy isoflavones on the serum levels of adhesive molecules in postmenopausal women.

Method and material

In this study, the Clinicaltrials.gov database, ISI web of Science, Cochrane Library, PubMed and Scopus will be searched until December 2020, and all studies that examine soy isoflavones effect on the serum levels of Intracellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and selectin-E (E-selectin)) has been selected. DerSimonian and Laird random effects model was used to estimate the summary of the overall effects (MDs) and its heterogeneity. Cochranchr('39')s Q test and I-squared statistic were used to compute the statistical heterogeneity of intervention effects.

Three randomized clinical trials on 297 patients investigated the effect of soy isoflavones on serum levels of adhesive molecules in postmenopausal women. The results of meta-analysis showed that taking soy isoflavones supplementation reduced the serum levels of VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin by 10.28 ng / ml, 2.11 ng / ml and 13.17 ng / ml, respectively. They were not statistically significant (P> 0.05).

According to the results of this study, soy isoflavones cause a significant decrease in serum levels of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin. However, more studies are needed, with a larger sample size and longer intervention time.

Considering that failure in national exams has several psychological-emotional consequences for students, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of compassion-based intervention on self-criticism and depressive in remaining applicants from the entrance exam.

The present study was a semi-experimental pre-test post-test with control group. The statistical population of this study was all the students who remained from the entrance exam in 2019 year and participated in the preparatory classes for the entrance exam in Khodabandeh city, of which 40 people (which 20 for the intervention group and 20 for the control group) using Available sampling method was selected and randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. After performing the pre-test on both groups, the experimental intervention was performed in 8 sessions of 90 minutes, one session per week, and after the treatment program, the post-test was performed. The data of this study were collected using the self-criticism questionnaire of Gilbert et al. (2004) and the Beck Depression Questionnaire (1961).The data of the present study were analyzed using analysis of covariance in SPSS 21

The results showed that after the compassion-based intervention, there was a significant difference in the mean scores of self- criticism and depressive in the intervention group compared to the control group.

According to the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that self-taught education to students who failed in the entrance exam can prevent depressive in these students by reducing their self-criticism.

Cardiovascular diseases are very common all over the world, including Iran. Meanwhile, atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of combined training on ABCB4 gene expression and HDL to LDL ratio in middle-aged men after coronary artery bypass graft.

The statistical population consisted 30 middle-aged men that had previously undergone coronary artery bypass graft. This research is quasi-experimental which by random sampling method, they were randomly divided into two groups of control (n=15) and combined training (endurance and resistance, n=15). Blood samples were taken from the two groups before and after the training session .After isolation mononuclear cells by using follicles and mRNA purification, gene expression variation was performed by Real- Time PCR. Data were analyzed by repeated measures variance analysis with SPSS software version 16

Eight weeks of training resulted in a significant increase in ABCB4 gene expression and significant reduction in plasma total cholesterol levels in the combined training group compared to the control group.

Combined training, as part of cardiac rehabilitation in patients performing coronary artery bypass graft by effecting on ABCB4 gene expression, involved in fat metabolism, improves reverse cholesterol transfer process

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic and debilitating disease. Although the effectiveness of metacognitive and existential therapies on the psychological factors associated with this disease has been investigated, little attention has been paid to comparing the two methods. Therefore, the aim of this study was to comparison of effectiveness of metacognitive and existential therapies on resilience, life expectancy and self-care behaviors in women with type II diabets.

The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. The statistical population included all women with type II diabetes who referred to Fazl Ibn Shazan Diabetes Center in Neyshabur in the second half of 2019 year. Sixty people were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Participants answered the Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Snyder Hope Scale (SHS), and The Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA). Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data.

The results showed that there is no difference between metacognitive and existential therapies in increasing the resilience and life expectancy of patients with type II diabetes (p>0.05), but existential therapy is more effective in increasing self-care behaviors (p<0.01).

Metacognitive and existential therapies play an important role in increasing the resilience and life expectancy and even self-care behaviors of patients with type II diabetes, so these methods can be used alongside medical therapies.

Multiple sclerosis is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by chronic demyelination that adversely affects various aspects of a patient’s life. Although mental health and marital satisfaction are major indicators of favorable prognosis in progressive neurological disorders such as MS, few psychological interventions have so far been performed in this respect. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two approaches of couple eclectic behavioral therapy and combined treatment of schema-based on acceptance and commitment on Tolerance of failure and marital satisfaction in women with multiple sclerosis.

This pilot randomized trial was carried out. A total of 42 female MS patients along with their husbands were selected using purposive sampling. The participants were assigned to two intervention groups and one control group using randomized block design. Those in the intervention group A and B received 10 weekly sessions of IBCT and ACST, respectively, while members of the control group were placed on a waiting list. The participants completed the Failure tolerance test and Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale during the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stages. Data were analyzed using repeated measures of two-way measurements.

The preliminary results indicated that the two interventions significantly improved the patients’ marital satisfaction levels in both post-test and follow-up stages (all p-values < 0.05). The secondary results showed no significant difference between the effectiveness of the two treatment methods in improving Failure tolerance and marital satisfaction levels (p-value > 0.05).

The findings confirmed the research background on the positive effects of psychological interventions on MS patients’ lives. Using these findings, researchers can design effective clinical interventions for patients with neurodegenerative disorders.

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a movement disorder that results from non-progressive motor injuries originating before, during, or immediately after birth. Exercise plays a significant role in motor improvement. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of circuit exercise training on the gross motor function of children with spastic diplegia cerebral palsy.

This clinical trial was performed on 34 cerebral palsy children, who were divided into two equal groups of 17 experimental (circuit training with one session per week of occupational therapy) and occupational therapy group.The GMFM-88 was used to evaluate gross motor function changes before and after 12 weeks of exercise. Circuit exercises training were performed three times a week for 12 weeks. These exercises were designed in three sets and each set consisted of 6 stations. The duration of activity and rest in each station was equal to 30 seconds.

The results of statistical tests showed that all components of gross motor function, in both exercise and occupational therapy group (except lying and rolling) significantly improved (P <0.05). However, in the intergroup comparison, a significant improvement was observed in gross motor function and its components in the circuit exercise training group compared to the occupational therapy group (p = 0.01).

The results of this study showed that circuit exercise trainings with occupational therapy can further improve the performance of gross motor movements in children with Spastic diplegia cerebral palsy compared to occupational therapy.

Self-criticism is a common problem in adolescence and is the cause of many mood disorders and anxiety. Due to the importance of this issue, the present study was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of compassionate mind training on self-criticism of female students. 

This research was a quasi-experimental project with pre-test, post-test and control group that was conducted in the academic year of 2019-2020 in the statistical population of female students of the first secondary school in Rahimabad. 50 students participated in this study through voluntary method who were assigned to the experimental and control groups by simple random method. After receiving the pre-test, the experimental group was trained in compassionate mind for 10 sessions; During this time, the control group did not receive any intervention. The Levels of Self-Criticism Scale was implemented in the assessment stages. Data analysis was performed using analysis of covariance in SPSS-21 statistical software.

The results showed that compassionate mind training had an effective role on the components of comparative self-criticism (P = 0.017), internalized (P = 0.0001) and overall score (P = 0.002). Overall, the Compassionate Mind Training was able to explain 0.19 of the changes in the overall self- criticism score. The results of the study of the adjusted means showed that after the test, the comparative, internalized mean scores and the overall score of the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group.

Training a compassionate mind has the potential to reduce self-criticism by modifying self-defeating beliefs and behaviors and increasing self-compassion. Therefore, it is suggested that the role of this intervention be considered in order to promote the psychological health of adolescents.

One of the most common childhood problems is tooth decay and Streptococcus mutans is the most common bacterium that cause the infection. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of triclosan on biofilm formation due to streptococcal sortase A enzyme activity in the control of dental caries.

In this experimental study, 150 samples were taken from the buccal and lingual surfaces of posterior teeth of pupils in Gorgan in 2019. S. mutans strains were identified using conventional microbiological and biochemical tests. The SrtA gene was identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with specific primers. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of triclosan against the isolates was determined by the broth microdilution method. Biofilm formation and antibiofilm effect of triclosan were assessed using the modified microtiter plate assay.

The frequency of S. mutans was 15.3%, of which, 87% were capable of biofilm production. 19 isolates (82.6%) with srtA gene were identified. The concentration of triclosan, that inhibited 50% growth of isolates (MIC50) was 8μg /ml , which was 8-fold less than the concentration required to inhibit the growth of 90% of isolates (MIC90=64μg/ml), so that 90% of the isolates lacked the ability to form biofilms at MIC concentration (P<0.05).

The results showed that there is a relationship between the presence of sortase A and the formation of bacterial biofilm and triclosan showed a good anti-biofilm effect in vitro condition.

High-fat diet intake leads to diet-induced obesity in concert with multiple cardiovascular risk factors such as metabolic syndrome and apoptosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of aerobic training with along capsaicin on cardiac apoptosis regulator BAX (Bax), B- cell Lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) and Bax/Bcl2 in rat fed a high-fat diet (HFD).

40 male Wistar rats were fed a normal diet (ND, n = 8) or HFD (n = 32) for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks, all rats were divided into 5 groups: ND, HFD, high-fat diet-training (HFDT), high-fat diet-capsaicin (HFDCap), high-fat diet-training-capsaicin (HFDTCap). Training groups have performed a progressive aerobic running program (at 15-25 m/min, 30-60 min/day, and 5 days/week) on a motor-driven treadmill for eight weeks. Capsaicin (4 mg/kg/day) were administered orally, by gavage, once a day.

The results of this study showed that Bax and Bax/Bcl2 in HFDT (Respectively p=0.016, p=0.000), HFDCap (Respectively p=0.014, p=0.000) and HFDTCap (Respectively p=0.000, p=0.000) groups was significantly decreased compared to HFD. Bax and Bax/Bcl2 in HFDTCap was significantly decreased compared to HFDT (Respectively p=0.034, p=0.033) and HFDCap (Respectively p=0.038, p=0.036) groups. Also, Bcl2 significantly increased in to HFDT (p=0.001) and HFDCap (p=0.000) and HFDTCap (p=0.000) groups compared to HFD.

Exercise and capsaicin improve the apoptosis induced by obesity, and suggest that exercise and capsaicin can be considered as an excellent candidate for therapy of these clinical conditions.

in order to improve the quantitative and qualitative educational process,the third-generation medical universitie need the medical education administrators who possess the sufficient knowledge, skills and insight to manage educational process in a university However, many administrators don’t have adequate access to effective professional development to deal with the challenges of the innovative and entrepreneurial universities. This study aimed at identifying the components of professional development of medical education administrators among third-generation universities.

This is a qualitative study regarding the practical purposes,types of data and data analysis methods. To this end a sample of twelve medical education administrators in all universities of medical sciences in the country(Iran) participated in this study that were selected by purposive sampling and complementary snowball sampling. Data were collected using semi-structured interview method and analyzed using inductive content analysis method with maxqda10 softwareValidity and reliability of the study were determined by Guba and Lincoln methods.

383 open source 25 subcategories and 6 main categories of professional development of medical education managers were obtained. Based on the findings, professional development of managers in 6 dimensions including: educational development, researchdevelopment,management skills development, leadership skills development, skills development Individual and contextual development were identified.

Among the six dimensions of the model of professional development of medical education managers in the third generation university, the highest codes are related to the dimension of leadership skills development, which is suggested to be considered as a priority in holding professional development skills training courses for managers.

The purpose of this study was to investigate on the effect of continuous and interval cardiac rehabilitation training on functional capacity homocysteine and Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in Coronary artery bypass surgery patient.

According to the aim of the study, 30 patients with inclusion criteria were selected and divided into three groups: continuous and interval training and control group. Individuals were trained for 8 weeks according to their special program. Before and after training protocol, blood sampling was used to measure homocysteine and ANP and functional capacity was assessed. To analyze the data, mixed design analysis of variance was used and when differences was significant Bonferroni post hoc test was used to determine the place of difference. All statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS software version 20.

Serum homocysteine decreased significantly after 8 weeks of training in both experimental groups, this decline was higher in interval training group than continuous training group (p <0.05). The intervention of continuous and interval exercises significantly reduced the level of serum ANP and improved functional capacity in experimental groups, which interval group experienced more improvement of functional capacity than continuation training group (p <0.05).

In this study, it was observed that interval training could increase functional capacity and cause to decrease the inflammatory factors, thereby preventing further complications in these patients like heart attacks.

There is evidence that womenchr('39')s behavior is affected by menstruation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of premenstrual syndrome on sports consumer behavior.

The statistical population of the study included all female customers of government sports clubs (physical fitness and aerobics) for women in Tehran. 450 people were randomly selected and answered the questionnaires of premenstrual syndrome symptoms and consumer behavior. All instruments had good internal consistency reliability. Data were analyzed by Kalmogorov-Smirnov test, Levin test, univariate t test, F test and Structural Equation Test (SEM).

The results of the present study showed that consumer behavior and symptoms of PMS during different weeks is higher than the average (3) and the symptoms of PMS in the fourth week were more than other weeks. So that the menstrual cycle had a positive and significant effect on consumer shopping behavior in the fourth week (P = 0.013).

Based on the findings of this study, the psychological experience of menstruation includes a range of symptoms that may depend on environmental and individual conditions. Have a different pattern. Accordingly, attention to the menstrual status in the provision of sports services should be considered.