نشریه پژوهش هایی در کشت سلول و بافت کاریوتیک
سال یکم شماره 3 (زمستان 1399)

Drug nanocarriers have been used extensively in cancer therapy due to their features like the ability to targeting drug transmission, increasing drug solubility, and reducing the drug cytotoxic effects on healthy tissues. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Tamoxifen nanocapsules on the expression of Bax and Bak genes in MCF-7 cell lines.

In this study, the nanocapsule structure was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy and the effects of Tamoxifen nanocapsules on cell bioactivity were evaluated by MTT assay at concentrations of 10, 50, 100, and 200 µg/mL after 48 hours. Real-time PCR was used to analyze the expression of Bax and Bak genes and data were analyzed using SPSS (23.0) software.

According to the MTT assay, higher concentrations of Tamoxifen nanocapsules decreased cell bioactivity in a dose-dependent manner and the highest toxicity of nanocapsules was at the concentration of 200 µg/mL. The expression level of Bax and Bak genes in MCF-7 treated cells after 48 hours indicated the induction of apoptosis in cells. The results revealed a 1.8-fold increase in cytotoxicity of Tamoxifen nanocapsules compared to free Tamoxifen.

The apoptosis induction as a result of increased expression of Bax and Bak genes and enhanced cytotoxicity, makes Tamoxifen nanocapsules a promising treatment for breast cancer therapy compared to free Tamoxifen.

Silymarin, extracted from the milk thistle, is rich in flavolignans such as silybinin, silidianin, and silycristine. Several studies have been done on its anticancer effect. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of cytotoxicity and induction of silymarin-induced apoptosis on colon cancer SW480 and normal HEK-293 cell lines.

In the present study, the effect of cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction by silymarin on colon cancer SW480 and Normal HEK-293 cell lines were investigated by different methods such as trypan blue staining, MTT assay, Annexin V/PI staining, and evaluating the expression level of BAX and BCL2 Genes by q-PCR technique.

The results of the trypan blue staining and MTT assay indicated the cytotoxicity effects of silymarin in SW480 cells in a time-dependent manner. The IC50 was also evaluated. However, no cytotoxic effects were observed in HEK-293 cells after treatment with silymarin. Also, an increase of apoptosis in SW480 cells that were treated with 50 and 100 µg/mL silymarin was observed. An increase in BAX/BCL2 gene expression level was also observed in SW480 cells compared to HEK-293 cells.

According to the results of the present study, silymarin can induce toxicity and cell apoptosis in the colon cancer cell line without causing cytotoxicity in the normal cell line. So silymarin can be suggested for effective treatment of colon cancer.

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers. Epigenetic change has been considered by many scientists as a therapeutic target. Hyper acetylation of chromatin components by sodium butyrate can alter gene regulation. This study aims to investigate the effects of sodium butyrate on Bax and Bcl-2 gene expression.

Caco-2 cell line was treated with different concentrations of sodium butyrate (25 mM to 150 mM) based on IC50 concentration in two time periods of 24 hours and 48 hours. Bax and Bcl-2 gene expression were measured by qReal-Time PCR technique and Bcl2/Bax ratio was evaluated.

The results showed that sodium butyrate increased the expression of Bax gene and decreased the expression of Bcl-2 gene in treated cells compared to the control group, which was statistically significant (p < /em> <0.05), and 25 mM was selected as the most effective dose after 48 hours of treatment. Also, the Bcl-2/Bax ratio at the same concentration showed a significant decrease

Sodium butyrate induces apoptosis in cancer cells by reducing the expression ratio of Bcl-2/Bax. It can be used as a therapeutic target but needs further investigation.

Widespread consumption of cell phones is the most crucial risk factor f human health in the age of technology. This study aimed to explore the effects of 4G mobile phone radiation on the level of spermatogenesis in male rats in 30 days.

In this laboratory experimental study, the male NMRI rats were divided into 3 groups: the control group (without exposure to 4G mobile phone for 30 days continuously), the sham group (exposure to 4G mobile phones, but no call within 30 days), and the experimental group (exposure to 4G cellular mobile (SAR=0.482 W/Kg, 1800 MHZ) during calls in progress for 30 days). All rats were sacrificed after 30 days and their organs (testicular and epididymis) were separated.

The mean spermatid count and the mean leydig cells count was decreased significantly (p < 0.001) after exposure time. However, the mean count of spermatogonia was not changed, significantly. Also, the study of micrographs indicated the morphology of testis and epididymis changed. The testicular size changed (p < 0.001), however, the testicular weight was not changed, significantly.

The exposure of 4G mobile waves decreased spermatogenesis. Our results warrant further inquiries on the potential effects of electromagnetic field (EMF) from mobile phones on male fertility.

The hepatitis B virus (HBV) was discovered in 1965. Approximately 350 million people are infected with HBV. The virus has a worldwide spread and one of the most important complications of infection is chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatitis can be detected by biochemical tests that determine liver function.

This study was qualitative and 30 patients with suspected hepatitis B referring to Massoud Lab in 2019 were selected. Blood samples were tested for HBsAg positive by multiplex RT-PCR with specific probes and primers as well as β-Actin gene as quality control. Then the obtained results were compared with the results of commercial tests.

From 30 samples, 19 samples were HBsAg positive and 11 samples were HBsAg negative. Positive samples were re-examined to confirm the positive results. To compare and evaluate the quality of the results of the designed test, all of these 30 samples were analyzed using another common laboratory kit.

The high sensitivity, good reproducibility, and low cost make this innovative quantitative HBV real-time PCR assay especially well-suited for application to large clinical surveys.

Diatoms are small phototrophic organisms with an essential role in the food chain in terrestrial and aquatic environments. The purpose of the present study was to optimize and improve the methods for diatom sample preparations.

The difference between the improved method with the old ones is based on the 3-interval time of the supernatant collection. Also, the centrifuge is not necessary for this improved method.  

The average number of cells in our proposed method was 338% higher than the other methods.

The preparation of specimen suspension and caution in a sampling of stations, is the most important factor for obtaining a maximum sample of diatoms.