مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان
سال بیستم شماره 8 (پیاپی 151، آبان 1400)

Inadequate nutritional status is one of the most common problems in hemodialysis patients and is associated with increased mortality in these patients. Therefore, the present study was performed to determine the nutritional status of hemodialysis patients referred to Imam Reza Hospital in Kermanshah in 2019.

This descriptive study was performed on 114 hemodialysis patients. Demographic information form and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) were used for data collection. The questionnaires were applied in one stage in hemodialysis ward of Imam Reza Hospital in Kermanshah. Data were analyzed using non-parametric Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis H, and chi-square tests.

Out of 114 patients undergoing hemodialysis, 65 (57.02%) were male and 49 (42.98%) were female. Mean and standard deviation of patients’ age were 58.05± 13.98 years. The median consumption of bread and cereals, meat and beans, fruits and vegetables, fat and oil, and dairy products decreased with the increase of patients’ age (p˂0.001). Patients who underwent dialysis three times a week consumed more bread and cereals, meat and legumes, dairy products, and fruits and vegetables (p<0.001), but consumed less pickles and condiments than patients who underwent dialysis twice a week (p˂0.001).

The results of this study showed that in hemodialysis patients the consumption of bread and cereals and fruits and vegetables is less than the standard amount, but the consumption of dairy products, pickles, and condiments is more than the standard amount, which can be considered by policy makers and experts in this field.

A sense of belonging to school has been recognized as an important requirement for students to perform well in learning environments. The aim of this study was to develop a structural equation model for predicting a sense of belonging to school based on family cohesion with the mediating role of spiritual intelligence in secondary high school male students.

This was a descriptive study using structural equation modelling and the statistical population of the present study consisted of all male high school students studying in public schools of Ardabil city in the academic year 2020-2021. A total of 250 of these individuals were selected by available sampling method and answered online questionnaires of sense of belonging to school, spiritual intelligence, and family cohesion. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and structural equations modelling.

The results showed that the sense of belonging to school was positively related to family cohesion (r=0.35, p<0.001) and spiritual intelligence (r=0.55, p<0.001). Also, spiritual intelligence had a positive relationship with family cohesion (r=37, p<0.001). Model fit indices also confirmed the path of family cohesion to the sense of belonging to school mediated by spiritual intelligence.

In general, the results showed that family cohesion directly and indirectly and mediated by spiritual intelligence, plays a role in the sense of belonging to school. In line with the results, holding educational workshops based on psychology to improve family relationships and teaching spiritual intelligence skills to parents and students will be a useful solution to increase family cohesion and thus a sense of belonging to school.

Due to its unique properties, iron oxide nanoparticles have many applications in medicine. The aim of this study was to prepare omega-3 coated iron oxide nanoparticles and investigate their effect on liver and kidney, and spleen function in rats.

In this experimental study, 30 Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups including control group (receiving physiology serum as drug solvent), experimental groups 1 and 2 treated with omega-3 coated iron oxide nanoparticles with doses of 10 and 30 mg/kg, respectively. After one week of drug treatment, blood sampling and tissue sampling of liver, kidney, and spleen were performed. One-way analysis of variance, Tukey’s post hoc, Levene, and non-parametric Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests were used for data analysis.

Injection of nanoparticles at a dose of 10 mg/kg did not show a significant change in blood urea and AST (Aspartate Transaminase) factors compared to the control group (p=0.042). However, at a dose of 30 mg/kg, creatinine and ALT (Alanine Transaminase) blood factors increased significantly compared to the control group (p =0.038). Histopathological examination of liver, kidney, and spleen tissue samples of the treated groups did not show any tissue disorders compared to the control group.

The results showed that omega-3 coated iron oxide nanoparticles at low doses had no toxic effects on the studied tissues and did not disrupt blood factors. Therefore, it can be further evaluated as an adjunct in the treatment of cancer cells as well as drug carriers.

Due to the increasing prevalence of disordered eating in young women, it is one of the significant issues in psychopathology. Alexithymia plays an important role in unhealthy eating behaviors, but how mood problems lead to unhealthy eating behaviors remains unanswered. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between alexithymia and unhealthy eating behaviors and the mediating role of psychological distress in the relationship between alexithymia and unhealthy eating behaviors.

The research method is descriptive and structural equations modelling. The statistical population was all female students from universities of Science and Culture, Shahid Beheshti, Alzahra, Allame Tabatabaei in Tehran in 2019, from which 350 students were selected by convenience sampling and completed the Dutch Eating Behavior Scale (DEBQ), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10). Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation and path analysis.

Psychological distress was positively associated with alexithymia (r=0.44, p<0.001), external eating behaviors (r=0.28, p<0.001), and emotional eating behaviors (r=0.22, p<0.001). In addition, results of path analysis showed that psychological distress mediated the relationship between alexithymia and unhealthy eating behaviors.

Considering the mediating role of psychological distress in the relationship between alexithymia and unhealthy eating behaviors, using strategies to promote understanding and expressing emotions and reduce psychological distress is recommended. These strategies can be helpful in improving mental health and preventing unhealthy eating behaviors.

Globally, rising energy demand has driven humans to extract oil and gas, even in the depth of seas. This is also important in the Persian Gulf and has caused a lot of environmental pollution. The purpose of this study was to determine the environmental pollution of offshore gas platforms by Principal Component Analysis methods and Bayesian network model.

This descriptive study was conducted from 2019 to 2020 on offshore gas platforms in South Pars field. The required data were collected through interviews with experts. Then, using the analysis of the main components, the factors with less effect were eliminated and other factors in Bayesian networks were investigated.

Based on the results of Bayesian network, for the overall pollution of the platform, the probability of the average level was 0.95%, the probability of the high level was 8.11%, the probability of the very high level was 18.5%, and the probability of the critical level was 72.5%. The results of the Principal Component Analysis section showed that the highest variance is related to the first Principal Component and its value is approximately 40%, and also the highest eigenvalue is related to this component with the value of 1.909.

The effect of gas platform activity in the two parts of water pollution and biodiversity damage has the greatest effect. Among the two factors with very high levels of pollution, the effect of gas platform on biodiversity and living species is more pronounced than the others. Also, the combination of two methods of Principal Component Analysis and Bayesian networks for data management in the field of platform environmental management is fruitful.

Culture can be thought of as a set of "belief systems" and "patterns of behavior" that are usually defined locally. The branch of cultural epidemiology occurs when epidemiologists use the methods of this knowledge to study the cultural effects on human health at the population level. Fortunately, over the past few years, in order to achieve the goals of the cultural epidemiology, a mutual understanding has been formed between anthropologists and epidemiologists, according to which, interdisciplinary collaborations are expanding. Therefore, considering the importance of this branch of epidemiology in the health of human societies and due to the lack of a suitable Persian source in this field, the purpose of writing this review article is to introduce the branch of cultural epidemiology for Persian readers.

The emerging coronavirus, which there was no information on the way of its disease-causing at the beginning of the outbreak, caused anxiety among health care workers who were at the forefront of the fight against coronavirus. This study aimed to evaluate anxiety during coronavirus pandemic among healthcare workers in Babol.

The present descriptive study was conducted in 2020 among 260 healthcare workers of Babol health centers selected by stratified random method. Data were collected using a questionnaire to measure individual and occupational characteristics and to determine the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used to analyze the data.

The mean and standard deviation scores of the total anxiety scale, psychological symptoms of anxiety, and physical symptoms of anxiety among healthcare workers in Babol were 12.13±8.02, 9.86±5.35, and 3.69±2.27, respectively. No or mild anxiety was observed among 195 people (75%) of healthcare workers, and 65 people (25%) had moderate to high anxiety. A chi-square test showed that there was a statistically significant relationship between sex and psychological symptoms of anxiety (p=0.016), sex and total anxiety (p=0.010) and the rate of anxiety was higher in women.

The results showed that the level of anxiety in the healthcare workers of Babol who were at risk of exposure to coronavirus was low that indicates the optimal mental and physical condition of individuals in the face of critical situations.

A large percentage of employees' time is spent in the buildings of their work places. This paper examined the association between Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) symptoms and indoor complaints.

This descriptive study used Gerhard Andreas Wiesmuller's questionnaire at educational buildings of district 6 of Tehran in 2019. 60 employees were chosen by simple random sampling method. 52 employees answered the self-report questionnaire. Data were validated by Cronbach's Alpha and intraclass correlation.

The symptoms such as "constant tiredness, quick exhaustion, lethargy/ apathy", "headache", and "dry skin, red skin, and itching of the skin on the hands" as well as the indoor factors such as "sounds", "noise", and "unpleasant odors” remarkably predominated.

SBS symptoms at educational buildings of district 6 of Tehran had high frequency. Therefore, it is necessary to limit pollution, provide adequate supply of fresh air, and maintain a building in a clean condition.