نشریه روانشناسی اجتماعی
سال هفتم شماره 54 (بهار 1399)

The aim of this study was determine the effect of teaching interpersonal communication skills on improving social relationships and interpersonal conflicts resolution. Study methodology was semi-experimental with design of pretest-posttest with control group. Research population was women with marital problems referring to counseling and psychological services centers of Shiraz city in 2019 year. From them 50 people were selected by purposeful sampling method and assigned into two equal groups. The experimental group trained 7 of 2 hours sessions by method of interpersonal communication skills (one session per week) and the control group didn’t receive training. Data collected with the questionnaires of social relationships (Monajemizadeh, 2012) and interpersonal conflicts resolution (Fisher and Ury, 1981) and analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance method in SPSS-24 software. The results showed that teaching interpersonal communication skills led to significant increase social relationships and interpersonal conflicts resolution in women with marital problems (P<0/001). Therefore it is suggested that therapists used from teaching interpersonal communication skills along with other educational and therapeutic methods to improve the psychological characteristics especially increase social relationships and interpersonal conflicts resolution.

The research method was cross-sectional type of correlation. The statistical population of this study consisted of all obese people referring to health centers and diets in Tehran in 1398, of which 378 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Research tools were Emotional Eating Duch's (1986), Trait-State Anxiety Spiel-Berger's (1970) and Emotional Processing Bakker et al.'s (2010) Questionnaire. Data analysis and analysis of SPSS-V23 and Lisrel-V8.8 software were used. Structural equation modeling was used to answer the research hypotheses. The results showed that there was a significant direct and negative effect on emotional well-being between trait-state anxiety. There is a significant indirect and negative effect on emotional processing between trait-state anxiety. There is also a significant indirect and negative effect on emotional processing between emotional processing. Therefore, it can be concluded that trait-state anxiety affects emotional eating with the Mediating Role of emotional processing in obese individuals. The findings support the existence of underlying psychological mechanisms in the development of obesity. Therefore, attention to these variables helps researchers and therapists to prevent and design more appropriate therapies.

The aim of present research was determine the effect acceptance and commitment couple therapy on marital distress, psychological flexibility and social concern in divorce applicant couples. Research method was semi-experimental with pretest-post-test design with experimental and control groups. Research population was divorce applicant couples referred to counseling center of Qarchak city in 2018 year. From population 40 couples were by available sampling method and randomly replaced into two equal groups including the experimental and control groups. The experimental group received training of acceptance and commitment couple therapy for 12 sessions of 2 hours (one session per week) and control group didn’t receive any training. Data were collected by questionnaires of marital distress (Snyder, 1997), psychological flexibility (Bond & et al, 2007) and social concern (Wells, 1994) and analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance method in SPSS-17 software. Results showed that the acceptance and commitment couple therapy method led to decrease marital distress and social concern and increase psychological flexibility in divorce applicant couples (P<0/001). Based on the results it is recommended that family counselors and therapists use from method of acceptance and commitment couple therapy along with other methods to improve the problems of divorce applicant couples, especially decreasing marital distress and social concern and increasing psychological flexibility.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between of perception of social interactions and learning cognitive styles to critical thinking in female high school students in Ahvaz. The study was from descriptive and correlational type. A sample including 250 female high school students were selected. Subjects were tested by the Gela’s Patterns of Social Interaction Inventory (1994), the Kolb Cognitive Learning Style Inventory (1985) and the RickettsCritical Thinking Inventory (2003). To analyze data of the Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression were used as statistical methods. The results of Pearson correlation showed that there were significant and positive correlations between of perception of social interactions including positive thoughts to critical thinking (0/35) and there was a significant and negative correlation between learning cognitive styles of reflective observation with critical thinking (0/16). But, perception of social interactions in the field of negative thoughts (-0/08), and learning cognitive styles of concrete experience (0/05), abstract conceptualization (0/07), and active experimentation (0/06) had not significant correlation with critical thinking. Regression analysis showed that negative thoughts (reversely), positive thoughts, had multiple relationships to critical thinking and explained 16% of the variance of critical thinking. Also, results showed that positive thoughts and negative thoughts (reversely) were the strongest predictors of critical thinking respectively (P<0.05). So, finding indicate that increasing the perception of social interactions in the field of positive and negative thoughts in promoting critical thinking.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of metacognition and mindfulness in predicting the quality of life of mothers with Intellectual disability children. The statistical population included all low-income mothers covered by the welfare departments of the city centers of Khuzestan province in 1398, according to the Cookran formula and using the simple random sampling method, 200 of them were selected as the sample. Participants answered Wales' metacognitive beliefs questionnaire (1997), Freiburg's mindfulness (2006), and the quality of life of the World Health Organization (1996). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation method and multiple regression using simultaneous method using SPSS24 statistical software. The results showed that there is a significant negative relationship between metacognition and quality of life of mothers with low-income children (p <0.001). There is a significant positive relationship between mindfulness, awareness and quality of life of mothers with children with disabilities (P <0.001). The results of multiple regression analysis also showed that metacognition and mindfulness predict 59% of the changes in the quality of life of mothers with mentally retarded children (p <0.001). Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that improving metacognition and mindfulness is effective in reducing the problems of mothers with mentally retarded children.

This study aimed to Investigating the Relationship between Parental Media Literacy and Socio-Economic Status with Motivation for Secondary School Students` Academic Achievement in Tehran city was done in 1395-96. The study is the practical purpose and information gathering is descriptive, correlational. The statistical society includes the whole female Secondary School Students in Tehran. They were about 50707. To determine the size of the sample using Morgan table and with multi-stage cluster sampling and 380 person were selected. Tools to measure in this research are academic achievement motivation questionnaire (1987), Media literacy questionnaire (kansidine, 2008), and socio-economic status (SES), which after gathering data, data analysis using SPSS, AMOS, and LISREL soft wares were performed. For investigating questionnaire`s Factor Structure, Confirmatory factor analysis, for investigating of research questions, and the relationship among variables of Media literacy and socio-economic status with academic achievement motivation, path Analysis Method were used. The result of correlation between Media literacy and socio-economic status with academic achievement motivation showed that all correlation coefficients are calculated at the alpha level of 0.01 are meaningful (p<0.01). Correlation coefficients among Media literacy and socio-economic status with academic achievement motivation components were positive. The positive coefficients obtained indicate a direct relationship between the variables. So it is concluded that with increasing parental Media literacy and socio-economic, student`s academic achievement motivation will also increase.

This research aimed to determine predicting the social health based on psychological well-being, organizational citizenship behavior and social support in school managers. This study was a cross-sectional from type of correlation. The research population was all school managers of Tehran city in 2019-20 academic years. The research sample was 400 people who were selected by multistep cluster sampling method. In present study used from the questionnaires of social health (Keyes, 1998), psychological well-being (Ryff, 1989), organizational citizenship behavior (Organ & Kanovsky, 1996) and social support (Zimet & et al, 1988). Data analyzed by methods of Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression with enter model in SPSS-22 software. The results showed that psychological well-being, organizational citizenship behavior and social support had a positive and significant relationship with social health in school managers. Also, the variables of psychological well-being, organizational citizenship behavior and social support significantly could predict their social health (P

Divorce is an increasingly destructive phenomenon in today's societies that has many negative economic, social, emotional and psychological consequences for divorced people. Therefore, present study aimed to development and evaluation of divorce fields questionnaire according to Iranian social and cultural conditions. The present study was mixed (qualitative and quantitative) of exploratory type with a testing approach. The study population in the qualitative part was the divorced men and women and in the quantitative part were the married women and men of Tehran city in 2018 year. The research sample in the qualitative part was 15 divorced people who were selected by purposeful sampling method and were semi-structured interview and in the quantitative part were 560 married people who were selected by multistep cluster sampling method and responded to research-made tool of divorce fields. Data were analyzed in qualitative section with Straus and Corbin method and in quantitative section with exploratory factor analysis method in SPSS-21 software. Initially the instrument had 145 items which 3 items were deleted based on pilot on a 30 people and 142 items version was administered on 560 people. The face and content validity of instrument was confirmed by expert opinion. After factor analysis 11 items were deleted and the final version designed with 141 items and 5 factors including effective psychological factors on conflict, external criterion, affective-criterion perplexity, emotional immaturity and avoidance problem solving style. The reliability of factors of effective psychological factors on conflict 0/97, external criterion 0/72, affective-criterion perplexity 0/72, emotional immaturity 0/74 and avoidance problem solving style 78/0, which indicate the appropriate reliability of the factors.

This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of communication skills training on responsibility, social function and problem solving among women headed households. This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation was a quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. The research population was women headed households’ welfare office Ahvaz city in autumn season 2018 year. Among numbers of population 50 people after considering the criteria for entering the study were selected by available sampling method and randomly replaced into two experimental and control groups (each group 25 people). The experimental group trained 10 sessions of 90 by communication skills training method. The instruments research was the responsibility subscale of California psychological questionnaire (Gough, 1964), social function subscale of general health questionnaire (Goldberg & Hillier, 1979) and problem solving questionnaire (Heppner, 1988). Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance method with SPSS-20 software. The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the responsibility, social function and problem solving. In the other words, communication skills training significantly led to improve responsibility, social function and problem solving in women headed households (P<0/001). Based on the results, it is suggested that clinical psychologists and therapists in providing psychological services used from communication skills training method to improve their health, especially improve responsibility, social function and problem solving of women headed households.

Present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on anxiety and social adjustment of patients with breast cancer. Present research was semi-experimental with pretest-posttest design with experimental and control groups. Research population was women with breast cancer referred to Shohadae Tajrish Hospital of Tehran city in 2019 year, which 30 people were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned into two experimental group (15 people) and control group (15 people). Experimental group 8 sessions of 90 minutes received acceptance and commitment therapy and control group waited for treatment. Data were collected with using Zing’s anxiety scale (1971) and Bell’s social adjustment subscale (1961) and analyzed with multivariate analysis of covariance method in SPSS-22 software. The results of analysis showed that experimental and control groups have significant difference in terms of both variables of anxiety and social adjustment. In the other words, the acceptance and commitment therapy led to decreased anxiety and increased social adjustment of patients with breast cancer (P

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of emotional intelligence training on social anxiety, social adjustment and mental health of students of Ahvaz Islamic Azad University. The study population included 60 (30 experimental and 30 control group). They were selected by simple random sampling and then randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. A pre-test and post-test study design with a control group of both groups based on Matak and Clark social anxiety inventory (1998) and Mazaheri social adjustment (2006) and SCL-90 mental health questionnaire. A pretest was performed. The experimental group was subjected to 8 independent 90-minute sessions (emotional intelligence). Then, they were followed by both groups and one month later. A multivariate covariance analysis Manku). The results showed that the educational self-regulation strategies in the experimental group compared to the control group mean reduced social anxiety and increased social adjustment and mental health in the experimental group. Follow-up results showed that differences in follow-up scores of social anxiety, social adjustment and mental health related to the continuation of the effect of emotional intelligence training (group membership).

The purpose of this study was to investigate The causal relationship among resilient and psychological needs with mental health with the mediating role of family function in mothers with exceptional children. For this purpose, 100 mothers with exceptional children were selected as sample. To collect the data, questionnaires such as mental health SCL-25, Conner & Daveedson resilient, Desi & Ryan psychological needs, & McMaster family function were used. For data analysis, the path analysis method was used. The results showed that there was a direct relationship between resilient with mental health & between psychological needs with family function at p<0.01, & there was a direct relationship between psychological needs with mental health & between resilient with family function was not significant at p>0.05. there was a direct relationship between family function with mental health p≤ 0.05, among resilient with mental health meditore role family function was significant p≤ 0.05, but, there was no direct relationship among psychological needs with mental health meditore role family function p>0.05.