پژوهشنامه تربیتی
سال هفدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 69، زمستان 1400)

This article aims to analyze teachers' professional qualifications from a critical approach with emphasis on Paulo Freire's views. This study was conducted using the qualitative approach and the transcendental analysis method. Its sample consists of documents, texts and related resources collected through theoretical sampling of all available texts as full census. Findings show that Freire considers different roles for liberatory teachers, such as "questioning", "raising awareness", "liberation" and "transformation". Moreover, teachers' professional qualifications, based on Freire's views can be divided into three domains, including the cognitive domain (historical knowledge, knowledge of the teaching/learning process, ability to design a native curriculum, understanding of the political identity of knowledge, and ability to create consciousness); the psychomotor domain (ability to use teaching methods, creating the critical ability in learners, interacting with learners; and the affective attitude (lifelong teaching, having humility, restoring human dignity, enhancing learners' hope for liberation, and respect for ethnic, cultural, and religious differences).

Eating disorders, which have been on the rise in young people in recent years, are characterized by severe eating disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Dietary Compliance Questionnaire among students of Islamic Azad University, Izeh Branch. The statistical population of the present study was the students of Izeh Islamic Azad University in the first semester of the academic year of 2017-2018 and the statistical sample consisted of 540 students who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling and then, The Jáuregui-Lobera (2014) diet adherence questionnaire was administered to them. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach's. According to the research findings, this questionnaire has been saturated with 3 factors that Together explained 56.4% of the variance and has acceptable reliability and reliability. Therefore, health professionals, nutritionists, and dietary therapists can use it as a valid tool in measuring different eating habits and also in investigating the causes of overweight or slimming, and as a result, diets and supplements Provide adequate nutrition to the benefit of their clients and thus to some extent prevent the promotion of unhealthy diets.

The present study was conducted to compare the two methods of play and storytelling on self-help skills and social skills of preschool children in Varamin. Trascott (1989) and Spence (1999) Self-Help Skills Questionnaire were used to collect data. In order to conduct the research, the present study examines self-help skills and social skills through two methods of group storytelling and group play. Therefore, in this research, a quasi-experimental research method has been used with a pre-test-post-test design and It is done with the control group. Also, the statistical population of the present study includes all preschool children in Varamin. In the present study, 64 preschool children were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental groups including: 1- Games 2- Storytelling (each containing 16 people) and a control group of 32 people. The analysis of research data was performed by SPSS statistical software to describe the data of mean statistical indices and standard deviation and frequency distribution tables and bar graphs and in research hypotheses to keep the effect of scores from the statistical test of analysis of covariance used. The results showed that after adjusting the pre-test scores, the difference between the experimental and control groups in the variables of self-help skills and social skills is as follows. Increased There is also a significant difference between the preschool children of the experimenta.l group and the control group in terms of social skills with pre-test control. And boy, there is no difference, and both methods are equally effective

The main purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of leisure time usefulness on happiness, self-efficacy and mental health of secondary school students in Baghmalek city. The present study is a quasi-experimental one. The statistical population of this study included all high school male students in Baghmalek city in the academic year 2017-18 with 1456 students. The sample size of the study consisted of 60 students (30 experimental and 30 control group) from fourth grade high school students in Baghmalek city who were selected by cluster random sampling. In the experimental group, in addition to the normal school activities, one to two sessions per week, which usually lasted one half-day each week, were performed by the students' favorite activities, followed by 50 days of post-test in both groups. The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, Scherrer Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (GHQ) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) were used in this study. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 23 and Levin, Glomogorov-Smirnov and covariance tests. The results showed that the effect of leisure time on happiness (f = 13.93), P = 0.001 and leisure time accounted for 52% of happiness changes. The effect of leisure time on self-efficacy (f = 17.64) was P = 0.001 and the effect of leisure time on mental health (f = 25.78) was P = 0.001. The effect of leisure time on physical problems, anxiety, social dysfunction and depression was significant at P <0.05.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotional regulation strategies and social security sense with the quality of life among university students. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of this study consisted of all students of Applied Science and Technology University of Bojnord city who were students in 2018-2019. Out of this population, 242 students (123 female and 119 male) were selected as target group by stratified random sampling method. The data were collected by using the Gransfeck et al (2001) emotional regulation strategies, researcher-made social security sense questionnaires and the Weir & Sherbun (1992) quality of life scale. For data analysis, the criteria used included the average values, standard deviation, and frequency distribution table by the help of SPSS software in order to analyze descriptive statistics, regression analysis and one-way analysis of variance. Correlation results showed that variables of emotion regulation strategies and sense of social security had a positive significant relationship with the quality of life. Regression analysis showed that only positive strategies could explain the changes in the quality of life with a beta of 0.238. According to the results of the study, any action taken to improve the sense of social security and increase the use of positive emotion regulation strategies will improve the quality of life.

One of the methods of designing the curriculum model is to use quality evaluation indicators and validation of existing programs. In the present study using mediation analysis based on the above indicators. a model for the undergraduate curriculum in educational sciences at Farhangian University of North Khorasan has been explained and designed. The approach of the present study is exploratory and is classified as applied research and has used a combined (quantitative-qualitative) method. All the professors teaching in the mentioned field were selected as a statistical population and they were interviewed and then answered the questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 8 expert professors and its reliability coefficient was 0.987. The data obtained from the questionnaire were analyzed by one-sample t-test and finally the curriculum model and mediator analysis model were designed through Amos software. The findings of this research are: development and standardization of 12 factors, 33 criteria and 211 indicators, design of a twelve-factor curriculum model, identification of mediating variables and finally designing a mediating analysis model.

The aim of this study was to explain the consequences of young tendency to have multiple relationships with the opposite sex. To understand the experience of the participants, this research was conducted using a qualitative method of contextual theory. The statistical population was single girls and boys aged 25 to 35 years old living in Tehran in 1396, from which 24 people (13 girls and 11 boys) were selected by purposive sampling method until information saturation. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were used to collect data and data analysis was performed by Colaizzi method (open coding, axial coding, selective coding). The research findings indicate that the most important consequences of multiple relationships with the opposite sex from the perspective of people involved in such relationships are: positive function, instability and ambiguity in the main relationship in the future, reduced interpersonal function, High-risk marriages, emotional and physical injuries, and physical injuries. According to the present study, the consequences of such relationships can be concluded that the multiplicity of relationships causes a lot of internal and interpersonal damage that ultimately leads to family inefficiency and poor quality of communication in the family.

The present study intended to answer the following two questions: (a) What is the current state of the multicultural curriculum components of the senior secondary schools? (b) What are the dimensions and indicators of a multicultural curriculum of the senior secondary schools? This research is mixed in terms of the nature of the data and is organized in two parts: qualitative and quantitative. interviews were conducted with 18 experts in the curriculum to the point of saturation. Two-stage coding method has been used to extract the results of the interviews. The statistical population in the quantitative part included teachers from the five districts of Tabriz who taught in the senior secondary schools in the school year. In the analysis of quantitative data, statistical methods have been used to validate the characteristics of a multicultural curriculum (obtained from the first stage) using Cronbach's alpha methods, CVR coefficient calculation, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Our findings identified four general dimensions of "goals", "contents", "methods", and "educational principles" in developing a multicultural curriculum.in the component of multicultural goals in the current Iranian educational system, the average experimental score is significantly higher than the theoretical average. Thus, it is clear that the current system is in a good position for targeting multicultural education, but regarding the three dimensions of "contents", "methods", and "principles of multicultural curriculum", average achieved is near to the theoretical average. the level of attentionof these three dimensions in the current education system is currently in the average situation.

The present study was conducted with the focus on non-formal education, especially the set of skills training provided in the Technical and Vocational Education Organization with a mixed approach. The statistical population of the study includes all university professors in the field of entrepreneurship, graduates and students in the field of entrepreneurship, organizational managers in charge of employment and entrepreneurship, as well as entrepreneurs. The data collection tool was structured in the qualitative part of the interview, the data analysis of which was coded (open, axial and selective) on a sample of 15 people, selected by snowball sampling method and interviewed, and in the quantitative part the main tool Assessment was a researcher-made questionnaire. Based on the minimum software, the smallest partial intelligent squares of the sample size in the quantitative part of the research were considered to be 120 people. The results showed that the component of clinical (skill) technical and professional education with 5 categories (economic, cultural, social, organizational, educational) and with an impact factor (0.982), the component of Internet (virtual) university with 5 categories (localization). , Technology, law, science and technology, educational technology) and impact factor (0.761) and finally the component of private education with 5 categories (individual, interpersonal, management, media, behavioral-psychological) and impact factor (491 / 0) are the most important factors affecting non-formal education and the initial theory of establishing an entrepreneurship clinic with a focus on non-formal education based on the above categories was developed and interpreted as a conceptual model.

The purpose of this study was to predict the academic achievement of students with academic procrastination in Isfahan high school based on personality types and time perspective. The statistical population of the study was students with academic procrastination in the second year of high school in Isfahan in the academic year 1398-1399 who 100 of them were selected through multi-stage cluster sampling as sample. Data were collect by Solomon and Roth academic procrastination questionnaire (1984), Zimbardo and Boyd time perspective(1999), Myers Briggs personality types (Form M) (1993), and the average grade point of students in the previous academic year to assess their academic achievement, and were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression in SPSS-24 software. The results showed that extraverted-Intuitive-rational-perceptual personality type (ENTP) had a significant negative relationship with students' academic achievement. Also, there was a significant negative relationship between the dimensions of the negative past, pleasure present and passive in the present with academic achievement; and there was a significant positive relationship between prospective and positive past with academic achievement. In addition, the other results of this study showed that among the types of personality, ENTP personality type and among the dimensions of the time perspective, Negative past, pleasure present and passive present variables were significant predictors of academic achievement in students with academic procrastination. Therefore, it is possible to increase the academic achievement of students with academic procrastination by providing timely and appropriate interventions to improve the prospect of future time by considering personality types.

The present paper mainly aims to study the background variables relationship (gender, education, age and service life years) with empowerment of the secondary intermediate-level directors of Isfahan during schooling year of 1397-98 (2018-2019). The research is being conducted descriptively and is of a correlational type and an applied one. The statistical population size includes 908 of all secondary intermediate-level directors of Isfahan, of whom 270 were selected as the sample size by applying multi-phased cluster sampling method based on Cochran formula Data collection tools included researcher-made questionnaire, dimensions and indices of which were obtained according to theoretical sources and interview with the elite; finally, empowerment of directors was established in 5 main dimensions and 10 components through exploratory factor analysis.Two educational administration professors (one male and one female) and one psychology professor approved of questionnaire validity and the reliability was obtained based on 0.79 Cronbach Alpha Test. Pearson correlational test and linear regression were applied for data analysis. Findings showed that background variables of gender, education, age and service life years built positive and a meaningful regression results relationship with empowerment of directors (p≤0.05). They simultaneously indicated that background variables can predict about 0.34 variance measure, that is empowerment.