نشریه روانشناسی اجتماعی
سال پنجم شماره 45 (زمستان 1396)

The aim of this research was investigate the effect of social skills training on subjective well-being, health adjustment and social function of students. This study was a quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design and with experimental and control groups. The population of study was all boy secondary school students in Tehran 5th region in 2016-17 academic years that from them 60 person selected by voluntary sampling method and randomly divided to two equal group. The experimental group trained eight 90-minute sessions to group social skills. Groups completed the questionnaires of subjective well-being (Keyes & Magyar-Moe, 2003), health adjustment (Bell, 1961) and social function (Forsyth & et al, 1999) in the pre-test and post-test steps. Data was analyzed with multivariate analysis of covariance method. The findings showed social skills training led to significant increase subjective well-being, health adjustment and social function of students (P<0/01). Therefore, the results indicate the importance of social skills training in increasing subjective well-being, health adjustment and social function of students. As a result, it is suggested that counselors and therapists use from social skills training method to improve the psychological characteristics of students.

This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of positive thinking skills training on marital intimacy, hope and family social function. This was a quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design. The statistical population of research were included all housewife in Tehran in 2016 year that from them 30 person were selected through available sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (each group 15 person). The experimental group trained 8 sessions of 90 minutes by positive thinking skills methods. Groups completed the questionnaires of marital intimacy (Bagarozzi, 2001), hope (Snyder & et al, 1991) and communication and interaction function (Forsyth & et al, 1999) in the pre-test and post-test stages. Data was analyzed with multivariate analysis of covariance method and with using SPSS-21 software. The findings showed there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups. In the other words training of positive thinking skills significantly led to increase marital intimacy, hope and family social function (P<0/01). Therefore, counselors and therapists can use the method of positive thinking skills training to improve the marital intimacy, hope and family social function.

The aim of this research was comparison the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral couple therapy and acceptance and commitment couple therapy on social and mental dimensions of quality of life in distressed couples. Present study was a quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design and with experimental and control groups. The research population was all distressed couples referring to counseling centers in Tehran city in 2015 year. To select sample 45 couple through available sampling method and randomly assigned to three groups (each group 15 couple). The experimental groups trained 12 sessions of 90 minutes by cognitive behavioral couple therapy and acceptance and commitment couple therapy methods. Groups responded to the questionnaire of quality of life (World Health Organization, 2004) in the pre-test and post-test stages. Data was analyzed with multivariate analysis of covariance method. The results showed the methods of cognitive behavioral couple therapy and acceptance and commitment couple therapy in comparison with the control group significantly led to increase the social and mental dimensions of quality of life in distressed couples. Also, there was a no significant difference between the two groups of couple therapy in improving the social and mental dimensions of quality of life (P<0/05). Therefore, the results indicated the effectiveness of the two methods of cognitive behavioral couple therapy and acceptance and commitment couple therapy on the social and mental dimensions of quality of life distressed couples. As a result, counselors and therapists can use the mentioned methods to improve the quality of life in distressed couples.

This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of logo therapy on components of general health means anxiety, depression, somatic symptoms and social function disorder of women with postpartum depression. This was a quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design. The statistical population of research were included all women with postpartum depression that referring to the part of obstetrics and gynecology in Tehran city in 2014 year, that from them 30 person were selected through available sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (each group 15 person). The experimental group trained 7 sessions of 90 minutes by logo therapy method. Groups completed the questionnaire of general health (Goldberg & Hillier, 1979) in the pre-test and post-test stages. Data was analyzed with multivariate analysis of covariance method and with using SPSS-21 software. The findings showed there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in all four components of general health. In the other words logo therapy significantly led to decrease anxiety, depression, somatic symptoms and social function disorder of women with postpartum depression (P<0/01). Therefore, counselors and therapists can use the method of logo therapy to improve the general health of women with postpartum depression.

Present research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of family therapy via reality therapy method on social components of marital conflicts and burnout of couples. This study was a quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design. The statistical population of the study was all families with incompatibility that referring to Pishro counseling center in Tehran city in 2016 year. To select sample from population selected 30 family through available sampling method and randomly assigned to two equal groups. The experimental group trained 9 sessions of 90 minutes undergoing family therapy via reality therapy method. Groups completed the questionnaires of marital conflicts (Barati, 1996) and marital burnout (Pines, 1996) in the pre-test and post-test stages. Data was analyzed with multivariate analysis of covariance method. The findings showed family therapy via reality therapy method significantly led to decrease social components of marital conflicts and burnout. In the other words this therapy method led to increase cooperation and family relationship with relatives and friends of spouse and decrease individual relationship with relatives, mental burnout and emotional burnout of couples (P<0/01). Therefore, family therapy via reality therapy method is an effective method to improve the psychological characteristics of couples.

The purpose of this study was to examine the sample of casual relationship of diffuse-avoidant style, self-efficacy and moral intelligence with addiction potential by the intermediation of sensation seeking within male students of Shahid Chamran University in Ahvaz. The population of the study included all the male students of Shahid Chamran University in Ahvaz. A sample of 300 subjects was selected by using the multi-stage ratio random sampling method. Berzonsky Identity Styles Inventory, Schwarezer & Jerusalem Self-Efficacy Scale, Lennick & Kiel Moral Intelligence Scale, Arnett Inventory of Sensation Seeking and Iranian Addiction Potential Scale were used to measure the variants. Evaluation of the proposed model was made by path analysis. The results showed that all coefficients of the path between variants were statistically significant in the sample totally. Moreover, the direct paths of diffuse-avoidant style, self-efficacy, moral intelligence and sensation seeking to addiction potential were statistically significant. The direct paths of diffuse-avoidant style, self-efficacy and moral intelligence to sensation seeking were significant, as well. On the other side, the results revealed that the indirect relationship of diffuse-avoidant style, self-efficacy and moral intelligence with addiction potential also were significant through sensation seeking.

Causal effect of social comparison & self-esteem on body image of male and female students of psychology and education sciences and counseling of Payame Noor University in Ahvaz. In this article, the effect of causal comparison of social and self-esteem on body image was studied. A sample of male and female students of psychology and education sciences and counseling of Payame Noor University in Ahvaz consisted of 124 students (47 boys and 77 girls) who were voluntarily selected. The questionnaires of social comparison(sevari,1393) , body image(sevari,1393) and self-esteem Rosenberg (1965) were applied. The method of the present study is descriptive and kind of correlation. The findings represent good model of research and showed that social comparison has direct negative impact on body image(-0.17) & and self-esteem has a direct positive effect on body image(0.2). As social comparison and self-esteem affect the body image negatively and positively, the present study suggests that, in order to prevent negative body image, the positive points of self-esteem should be taken and regarded instead of making social comparison.

The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between perception of social interaction, perceived social support and social acceptance with bullying among male students. Study method was descriptive and correlational. The study population included all high school male students in Ardabil city during 2015-16, which 128 of them were selected using multistage cluster sampling method. For data collection, the Glass's perception of social interaction scale (1994), Zimet's perceived social support scale (1988), Crowne & Marlowe social acceptance scale (1996) and bullying scale (2001) was used. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. Results showed that is a significant relationship between perception of social interaction, perceived social support and social acceptance with bullying among students. The results of multiple regression showed that perception of interaction, support and social acceptance predict 0.47 of the bullying variance in student (p<0.05). Thus, we can conclude that perception of interaction, support and social acceptance the variables associated with students bullying and the ability to predict it.