نشریه مهندسی گاز ایران
پیاپی 13 (بهار و تابستان 1400)

‌ Water resource management in the areas close to oil platforms, refineries and petrochemical plants in the south of Iran has attracted more attention due to its enormous volume, high salinity as well as high costs. In many industries, a considerable amount of thermal energy is wasted which can be used for water desalination, as the most effective factor in the production cost of desalination plant is energy. Therefore, one of the challenges of the seawater desalination process by using thermal methods such as multi-stage flash (MSF), multi-effect distillation (MED) and etc., specifically in the countries which have very expensive energy resources, is the thermal energy supply. The purpose of this study is the simulation and economic evaluation of the combined power and water generation process by using flare gases. Due to the fact that flare gas contains acid gases, first, it is treated with a membrane process, and then it’s sent into a combined cycle power plant to generate power and thermal energy (vapor). The seawater desalination process is a multi-stage flash distillation type, and its thermal energy is supplied by a combined cycle power plant. The results show that if flare gas with a capacity of 13,000 m3/h is used, it can generate 57 MW of power and 150,000 L/h of water with a total capital cost of 98.40 million USD. With this amount of power and water generated by the process, it is easy to supply power of 45,000 households and water of 3,500 households

Dated back to the Albian to the Turonian, Sarvak Formation serves as an important oil reservoir in the Zagros Basin. In this study, well-logging data was used as input for stochastic petrophysical evaluation by means of the Geolog software in an attempt to assess reservoir quality of the Sarvak Formation in an oilfield in the Abadan Plain, Iran. For this purpose, we studied the formation in terms of petrology, shale volume, porosity, water saturation, and net-to-gross pay ratio. Once finished with editing the well logs and applying the required corrections, the mentioned parameters were analyzed along the studied well. Based on the results of the evaluations, at this well, the Sarvak Formation was found to be composed of limestone and dolomite with varying amounts of shale interbeddings. Based on the petrophysical properties, the Sarvak Formation was divided into 13 zones, of which the Zones 1, 3, 4, 5, and 8 characterized a suitable reservoir in terms of saturation, porosity, petrology, and shale volume, with the Zone 8 exhibiting the best reservoir quality with a net-to-gross pay ratio of 98%.

Nowadays, natural gas pipeline is considered to be the most common way to satisfy heat demands of the Iranian. In this study, to satisfy the heat demands of some off-grid areas including Shahrag, Imam Gholi, Bardar, and Bajgiran, the areas in Khorasan Razavi province, the feasibility of implementing some methods are investigated. In this regard, three approaches consisting of virtual pipeline, substitution of electricity, and biogas are studied and compared to natural gas pipeline. Technical study reveals that the areas do not have a potential to be completely benefited from biogas. Afterward, other methods were financially studied. Moreover, form net present value standpoint, natural gas pipeline appears to be the best option among others.

Propylene as a basic product is of particular importance in the petrochemical industry because it produces valuable products. Currently, most of the world's propylene is produced indirectly, and propylene is produced as a by-product that is not economically viable. Among the various processes of direct production of propylene, the PDH process has been considered due to the lower investment volume than other methods and due to the cost of cheap feed (LPG) in the country. Therefore, due to the production of LPG in the country in high capacity and also the restrictions on the export of this product, it is possible to take advantage of the many advantages of LPG feed in the production of propylene in the country through the PDH process. In this study, first, different methods of propylene production were investigated and it was found that direct production of propylene by PDH method is more appropriate. The technologies of PDH method were described and found to be almost the same in terms of fixed costs. IRR sensitivity analysis was performed to the difference between food and product price and fixed cost and it was found that IRR value is more sensitive to the difference between food and product price. Due to the fact that OLEFLEX technology has a lower operating cost and also has more active operating units in the world, it is recommended for Iran to use this technology.

The goal of the researcher is to analyze the proper model and components of after-sales services for the world-class Iranian gas industry to compete. For this purpose, after reviewing the theoretical foundations, four models that were more right to the industry were selected, based on Lotsma logarithmic scale and using Rembrandt software, questionnaire formulation, distribution and analysis. In fact, the use of the Rembrandt model, which is considered a hierarchical model, has been used to discuss the weaknesses of the hierarchical model to check the proper after-sales service model. 30 industry experts have been selected to complete the researcher-made questionnaire and the reliability of the questionnaire has been validated by Rembrandt software. The research results show that the Tetraclass model as a global after-sales service model with key, essential, added and secondary factors is very effective in this industry. Simmons, parsley and olive oil models were also given top priority. Response-free, reliability, features or features, compliance, service expectation, pricing are the main sub-components of the selected models.

Today, as legal relations among individuals become more complex, new legal needs have arisen for which, jurisprudence must give a form through creating new legal institutions with use of the existing capacities. Based on Article 3, paragraph "b" of Part 6 of the Law on Powers of the Ministry, general and private conditions of the contracts in the field of downstream oil and gas, one of the innovations in the Ministry of Petroleum was compiled by the Deputy of Engineering and Technology of the Ministry of Oil, and the whole subsets of the ministries were then informed for implementation in accordance with Oil Minister’s notification No. 28/1-2045. The Ministry of Petroleum is an exception to the general requirements for the development of planning management, and for this industry, due to the specific conditions, specialization and complexity, the general conditions for oil and gas have been approved. The present study investigates one of the 77 articles of the general conditions of downstream oil industry (PC) contracts regarding the dismissal of the contractor under clause 68. This newly established legal institution has a lot in common with legal institutions in the general rules of contracts. Despite the similarities, in the present study, dismissal is called by the new legal institution, which has its own form and especial effects.