Journal of Research and Health
Volume:11 Issue: 6, Nov-Dec 2021

During the COVID-2019 pandemic, the hospital staff was among the first to deal with this problem. Because of the high workload, the medical staff may experience psychological distress. In this regard, the present study was conducted to investigate the role of resilience and emotion regulation in managing the psychological distress of hospital staff during the COVID-2019 pandemic.

In the present study, we searched English databases, such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Iranian databases, such as Iranian databases of Scientific Information Database (SID), Iranian Publications (Magiran), and Iranian Medical Sciences Articles from February 2020 to July 2021 with using the keywords of “coronavirus 2019”, “COVID-19”, “depression”, “anxiety”, “stress”, “resilience”, “emotion regulation”, “mental health”, “medical staff”, and “psychological distress”. We also used the PRISMA (The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis) checklist to review and control the quality of the articles.

Studies have shown that resilience and emotion regulation strategies positively affect nurses, physicians, hospital staff, and medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Good resilience and using adaptive emotion regulation strategies have reduced their anxiety, depression, insomnia, and fear, which results in increased psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. 

Based on the reviewed articles, we found that COVID-19 can affect various aspects of the mental health of hospital staff. Given that COVID-19 is still mutating and it is impossible to predict a specific time for the end of this deadly virus, medical staff must receive the necessary training to improve resilience and emotion regulation strategies.

One of the main goals of healthcare systems is to maintain and promote women’s health. According to the literature, different factors, such as demographic characteristics, occupational status, stress, culture, and epidemics, can affect women’s health. This study aimed to determine the health status of employed women and its association with their demographic characteristics.

This analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted on 325 women working in healthcare centers affiliated with Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Gilan Province, Iran, in 2019. After receiving their informed consent, the study subjects were chosen by random group sampling method. The study data were obtained using a General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Data analysis was performed by the Chi-square test at a significant level of 0.05 in SPSS software, v. 23.

The Mean±SD age of the study women was 42.10±8.19 years, and 52.63% of them were nurses, 16.92% physicians, 19.39% midwives, and 11.7% health workers. Based on the present study results, 39.7% of the participants are suspected of having a health disorder or problem. According to the analysis, significant relationships were observed between women’s health and variables of age (P≤0.0001), level of education (P=0.03), occupational status of spouse (P≤0.0001), income level (P=0.02), and place of residence (P≤0.0001). Nevertheless, no significant association was found between women’s health and marital status and place of birth.

Improving the health of healthcare staff requires special attention and appropriate supportive measures. Given the stressful conditions of healthcare staff, cognitive and behavioral interventions to improve work-life balance can enhance their performance regarding patient care while promoting their welfare.

The prevalence of self-injury behavior and negative emotions in adolescents is high. This study aimed to investigate the effect of emotional regulation group training on self-injury behavior, depression, and anger in adolescents.

The research method is quasi-experimental with a Pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The study population comprised adolescents aged 13-15 years living in Shiraz City, Iran, in 2020 with self-injury experience. A total of 30 samples were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method and randomly assigned to the two groups of experimental and control (each 15 members). A Pre-test evaluated members of both groups. Then emotion regulation group training was applied online to the experimental group. After that, the participants in both groups were assessed in the post-test. Data collection tools were deliberate self-harm inventory, Kutcher adolescent depression scale, and state and trait anger expression inventory. Descriptive Statistics (SD) and inferential statistics (multivariate covariance) were used to analyze the obtained data

The results of the multivariate covariance test showed that group training of emotion regulation affected self-injury behavior, depression, and anger (P<0.05). Data analysis showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups regarding self-injury, depression, and anger. Emotion-regulation group training reduced self-injury behavior and the rate of depression and anger in adolescents.

Emotion-regulation group training is one of the new therapies to reduce problems. This study also confirms its effectiveness on emotions and dysfunctional behaviors of adolescents.

Anxiety can reduce the couples’ self-confidence and damage their mental health. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on anxiety, cognitive avoidance, and empathy among couples visiting counseling centers in Ahvaz City, Iran, in 2020. 

The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test design, follow-up, and a control group. The statistical population consisted of all couples with low marital adjustment who were referred to the psychological centers of Ahvaz in 2019. Using a convenience sampling method, 30 participants were selected and randomly divided into experimental and control groups (n=15 per group). The research instruments included the symptom checklist-90-revised, the cognitive avoidance questionnaire, and the basic empathy scale. The experimental group underwent eight 90-min sessions (one session per week) of ACT, and the control group did not receive any intervention. The follow-up was performed after 45 days. Repeated-measures ANOVA was used to analyze the data in SPSS. 

ACT effectively decreased anxiety and cognitive avoidance and increased empathy among couples in the experimental group (P<0.001). The Mean±SD pre-test and post-test scores of anxiety in the experimental group were 23.33±2.89 and 18.93±3.36, respectively, which decreased compared to the post-test mean score (24.27±2.96) of the control group. 

ACT decreased anxiety and cognitive avoidance and significantly increased empathy in married individuals. ACT can improve empathy in couples involved in marital conflicts.

This study aims to assess the productivity loss in diabetic patients living in South Khorasan Province, Iran, in 2017.

This cost of illness and analytical study was performed on 1003 patients with diabetes referred to hospitals and healthcare centers in South Khorasan Province. After being randomly selected, the participants filled the short form health and labor questionnaire by the human capital method to estimate the productivity loss caused by health problems. Data were collected in person or via phone interviews. The collected data were analyzed by data quantile regression model using Stata v. 11.

The Mean±SD productivity loss based on actual and labor law income was 19.61±46.24 and 16.61±49.39 dollars, respectively. In addition, the results showed that the Mean±SD number of lost working days is 0.81±2.39 days. 
According to the regression model, gender, educational levels, marital status, and employment status affected the number of working days lost at 0.25 quantile (P≤0.05).

Improving productivity in diabetic patients and consequently reducing the resulting economic burden is essential to promoting their physical, mental, and social health.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of continuous care model application on body mass index (BMI) and lifestyle of middle-aged obese.

105 obese middle-aged were selected and assigned randomly to two groups. The data were collected using a meter, scale, and Walker health promotion lifestyle questionnaire (HPLP II). participants completed the questionnaire before undergoing the intervention, one, two, and three months after the intervention.

There was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups before the intervention considering all of the studied variables. However, a significant difference was observed between groups after the intervention in terms of lifestyle dimensions and obesity control performance.

Considering the results of current study, the continuous care model can be effective for improving the lifestyle and health of middle-aged obese. Therefore, this model is recommended as a framework to design an overweight and obesity prevention plan.

The effectiveness of the hidden curriculum is stronger than the explicit curriculum from the perspectives of curriculum experts and medical education specialists. These effects are especially strong in transmitting values, norms, and medical professionalism. So, the importance of the hidden curriculum and its impact on educating medical students is undeniable. The present study aimed to explore the effect of the hidden curriculum components on affective attitudes of students toward learning, and to create a better learning and educational setting. 

The research was a mixed-method using a cross-sectional survey in the quantitative section. A case study (phenomenological analysis of lived experience type) and the interviews were used in the qualitative part. The study population consisted of 277 male high school students in District 1 of Bandar Abbas Port, Iran, in the 2019-2020 academic year. They were selected through the cluster sampling method and randomly assigned to the experimental research. 

The results of multiple regression analysis showed a correlation (0.627) between the components of the hidden curriculum with affective attitudes of learning (P<0.95). The quantitative findings showed the mean scores of most components in exceptional talents (SAMPAD) high school students were significantly higher than the mean scores in public and non-public high schools students (P<0.05). Moreover, the results of the path analysis showed that the hidden curriculum has a positive and significant relationship with the three components of affective attitudes of students toward learning..

Generally, the hidden curriculum plays a vital role through the implicit transfer of values, attitudes, and skills to students, especially on affective attitudes, so that these issues should receive more attention by the educators in every educational setting.

Infertility is one of the important concerns for couples. Men have rarely been the focus of research, and their knowledge and attitude have been less studied so far. This study investigated health literacy and attitude in men with infertility. 

In this descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study, 196 men referred to one infertility center in Mashhad City, Iran, in 2019 were selected by a convenience sampling method. The study data were collected using a 20-item health literacy questionnaire and 5 attitude items towards infertility. The relationships between age, education, occupation, income, duration of infertility, Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART), history with reproductive health literacy, and attitude were investigated with t test, ANOVA, and linear regression in SPSS v. 20 software at a significance level of less than 0.05. 

The Mean±SD age of men was 35.02±6.06 years. Their Mean±SD reproductive health literacy score (3.2±0.3) did not show significant relationships with age (P=0.336), education (P=0.33), job (P=0.493), income (P=0.856), infertility duration (P=0.136), and history of ART (P=0.057). All attitude questions were not related to the education and history of ART. Attitude about surrogacy (P=0.011) and the possibility of separation of each couple in case of infertility (P=0.001) (P=0.015) for men and women respectively were different according to age. Most participants chose the answer “I don’t know” in the reproductive health literacy questionnaire.

Because of insufficient health literacy of men about infertility, educational planning in this area seems essential.