نشریه برنامه ریزی و توسعه محیط شهری
پیاپی 4 (زمستان 1400)

Today, the atmosphere of third world cities, including Iran, has become a problematic atmosphere and has reduced the quality of life in the context of this space. Also, urban planning and management has not been able to be effective for the development of these spaces, so that the birth and problem-solving of these spaces has continued. One of the problems of urban planning in these cities is the lack of the necessary platform for the implementation and realization of new urban development plans and programs. So that these plans and programs are always faced with the phrase non-realization. These cases have led the process of urban management and planning in these cities from being development-oriented to being organization-oriented. Because of the problematic space and lack of context, urban planning cannot lead to the realization of urban development plans and can only organize the problems formed in the existing spatial context. One of these new urban development plans is the strategic plans that have been proposed in the time of modernity. Studies show that strategic plans cannot be achieved in the spatial context of Iranian cities and achieve their goals. The method of work in this research is grand theoretical or theoretical method; the present article tries to explain this issue. Findings of the article with the approach of hermeneutic phenomenology also show that the inconsistency of time-space and content is the most important factor in the failure of strategic plans in Iranian cities. As a result of this incompatibility, the spatial text of Iranian cities do not have the necessary context to read and convey the meaning (realization) of strategic plans. According to the underlying theory, a consistent spatial text is provided for the realization of strategic plans, by entering the era called modernity. While the spatial text of Iranian cities is formed under the influence of the transition between tradition and modernity, and this time in the next stage forms the phenomenon of spatial and content incompatibility, which causes the lack of ground for the realization of strategic plans for the development of Iranian cities.

Providing and promoting the level of happiness and vitality of citizens is one of the most important pillars of quality of life in urban spaces Which in recent decades, has attracted increasing attention from experts and urban planners and Has been raised as one of the most important goals of governments and the United Nations. The purpose of this quantitative and applied study has been done using a combination of descriptive-analytical and exploratory methods, is a study and analyze the situation of Shad city and identify its determinants in small urban spaces Which has been done as a case study in Ravansar city which is part of Kermanshah province. The statistical population of the study includes 7122 heads of households and among them with Using sample size calculation methods, 364 people were estimated as a statistical sample and the samples were selected completely randomly. The main research tool for collecting field data is a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability have been confirmed. The results showed that among the three indicators of a happy city (Social, physical and economic indicators) The average of social index with the value of 3.124 was significantly higher than the average of base (number 3) and The average of two physical and economic indicators respectively with values of 2.608 and 2.587, Have been significantly lower than the baseline mean. The results of the survey showed the general condition of the city happy the average calculated with the value of 2.788 Has been significantly below average. Regarding the determinants of a happy city, the results showed Due to the four identified key factors, 61.956% of the variance of the dependent variable has been explained. These factors and the percentage of variance of their specific value in order of importance are: Physical stability (21.041), Socio-cultural sustainability (16.4), Economic Stability (13.151) and Environmental sustainability (11.356). The identified factors seem to be a subset of the macro factor "integrated and efficient urban management" and Promoting this factor, as the main source of most policies and planning, can have a significant impact on the realization of a happy city in the study area.

The central and old texture of cities, which were once the most important and best residential neighborhoods of cities and due to the presence of human communities today have many historical and memorable elements, has now suffered from inefficiency. Rehabilitation of worn-out structures can enhance the physical value and increase the desire of citizens to live in it. In this research, which is a survey that is done as a branch of descriptive research, statistical block tools and burnout articles and books, which is the most reliable data collection tool, have been used to collect information. Investigation of environmental system and appropriate indicators to identify urban worn-out textures using planning models (ahp) Neighborhoods have been introduced as worn-out textures. These indices including fineness, instability and impermeability in the textures of Ghaemshahr city have been refined and studied and each of them has been considered as a criterion for approaching worn-out urban textures. Worn-outs have been identified and introduced, and as a result, by supporting the indicators for improving and renovating these tissues, the necessary suggestions have been made to eliminate and prevent the non-worn tissues from being produced.

Today, the rapid growth of cities and the consequent need for large-scale housing have made the issue of dealing with widespread change in metropolitan areas a major challenge in urban planning and human geography. Therefore, the occurrence of the phenomenon of cell movement, which is mostly observed in areas with high regional values. in the present study, with the aim of evaluating the correlation between the life of the building and the increase in density in Region 2 of Tabriz metropolis (Zafaranieh town) to investigate the principles and indicators governing the amount of dense construction in the study area. In terms of purpose, it is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical research in terms of nature. In order to collect data and information, two main methods of field libraries have been used. Thus, after reviewing the theoretical foundations of the research, to extract the price of residential land in Zafaranieh alley (land price and issued building permits) during the period 2009-2019 by referring to real estate agencies and municipalities as neighborhood it was prepared. In order to analyze the effects of increasing the regional value and reducing the useful life of buildings by increasing building density, models including kriging interpolation, kernel, cross-writing, fuzzy, Shannon and Pearson entropy in GIS, IDRISI software environment , SPSS and EXCEL were used. There is a high correlation between increasing the value of the area and increasing the building density in the area, which is equal to 0.863. In fact, since Zafaranieh town with average land value is one of the high value areas of Tabriz and the life of altered parts and cells is less than thirty years, this shows the correlation between increasing the regional value and reducing the useful life of the building.

Architecture is created by human beings and this architecture is influenced by human ideals and continues to affect human beings and forms part of their ideals and ideals according to the needs in life. It is certain that design with a religious approach and attention to socio-cultural sustainability, can play an important role in human well-being and lead them to a healthy and appropriate society. Therefore, in urban policy and design, it is very important to consider the purpose of the design, visual experience and behavioral patterns of users. In the present article, the concept of quality and components and criteria affecting the design of landscape architecture and cultural space and the type of their relationship with humans are discussed through the views of thinkers in the field of urban design and planning. The most important questions of this research are; what are the qualitative components of socio-cultural sustainability in urban public spaces? And what is the relationship between the qualitative components of socio-cultural sustainability and Iranian-Islamic architectural criteria? To achieve this goal, the research method of this article is a qualitative method and the components of sustainable urban development and the qualitative components of socio-cultural sustainability and Iranian-Islamic architectural criteria are identified. The results indicate that the design of urban public spaces with emphasis on socio-cultural sustainability and attention to the components of Iranian-Islamic architecture, to create a living and dynamic atmosphere and by influencing the mental thinking of individuals to create gatherings and collective memories. It achieves peace of mind and, in addition to quantitative values, also takes steps to meet quality needs, and also with proper design, provides the possibility of better spatial separation and a sense of calm and dynamism at the same time.

The overall objective of this study is to investigate Effect of environmental practices in creating sustainable developmentSecondary objective of the study is study on relation between social associations, social norms and social trust and environmental social behaviors of the employees of Bushehr. The research method in this study is survey method. Our study population is 60,850 people of busher employees that have been chosen using Cochran formula with sample size of 381 people. This statistical population is done by cluster sampling. We processed data using AMOS and SPSS software. The results of the statistical analysis show that according to the data regression model have done and Pearson correlation coefficient and significance level obtained from the regression, since significance levels in three variables of social associations, social norms and social trust were 0.00 that is smaller than 0.05 and also significance levels of structural equalities using AMOS software were 0.027, 0.024 and 0.012 respectively and all are smaller than 0.05, there is a relationship between these three assumptions and environmental social behaviors of bushehr. In the other words, all these three assumptions in this study have been confirmed.

In recent decades, we have witnessed the rise of theorists in the areas of urban planning and urbanization to its nature and further revival, which is affected by the increasing global pollution and environmental concerns that have seriously threatened our planet in recent decades and led to sustainable urban development topics, with issues such as preventing local pollution, reducing the consumption of irreversible resources in the settlement consumption system. Human beings, especially cities, pay attention to recycling and reproduction of consumable resources, supporting environmental activities, etc. In this regard, permaculture approach with emphasis on sustainable urban agriculture culture as one of the newest approaches in the world has been considered by scientific circles and urban management. Permaculture movement is part of the biophilic or "nature-friendly city" movement, except that in this approach, emphasizing the cultivation of fruitful food species, waste recycling, reduction and saving of water and soil resources and energy resources, reducing urban waste and maximizing the usefulness due to "synergy among urban residents has been proposed and due to the ease of implementation strategies, it is one of the most important and executive strategies. The most available approaches of communities from environmental problems and the optimal link between the city and nature of the world are taken into account. In this paper, by researching reliable scientific databases, the conceptual analysis of the urban permaculture approach is and by identifying the characteristics and methods of implementing urban aperture based on the review-narrative method, it is attempted to achieve appropriate policy-making solutions based on its correct understanding.