نشریه اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری
سال دوم شماره 4 (زمستان 1400)

The present article tries to assess the stability or instability of existing or planned transportation systems in the Iranian economy. This measure requires the identification and development of indigenous indicators to measure sustainable transportation in the country. In this regard, identifying and calculating the indicators that determine the quality and quantity of sustainable transportation in the country, as a measure of the performance of policies and decisions to move towards sustainable development and the time period 1375-1393 has been evaluated and analyzed and then action has been taken to design a sustainable transportation index. The results indicate that almost over time, all of these variables are in an unfavorable position in terms of stability and overall the sustainable transport index has become more critical and deteriorating during the period under review. Land transportation imposes various costs on the Iranian economy, such as environmental pollution, direct and indirect economic costs. Therefore, in order to achieve sustainability and reduce transportation costs, it is proposed to move the inter-city and inter-city transportation system towards road transport in accordance with the latest standards of the World Transport Assembly, as well as the sustainable strengthening of rail transport.

The purpose of this study was to explain the job satisfaction indicators of Tehran Municipality employees in terms of demographic characteristics. The research method in this study is survey and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population includes all official, contract and contract employees of Tehran Municipality in It was 1399 that they were working in the municipality of one of the 22 districts or districts of municipalities, which according to the recruitment statistics of Tehran Municipality is equal to 2354 people. The sample size was 378 people based on the Cochran's sample size estimation formula, which were selected using stratified random sampling method. The researcher-made trait was a demographic trait, the validity of which was confirmed using face and content validity and its reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha, and the data were analyzed using software. spss21 is done.Findings show that there is no significant difference between gender and marital status in terms of job satisfaction, but between job satisfaction in all its dimensions (nature of work, salary and pay, promotion opportunities, supervision and supervision) except organizational climate by level There is a significant difference between different educational and work backgrounds with the exception of promotion opportunities and leadership style and physical condition.

Identity is one of the basic components in branding. One of the strategies of urban management in order to progress in the global competitive market is to recognize the dimensions and strategies while paying attention to urban identity in order to achieve sustainable urban branding for cities. The purpose of this study is to identify the dimensions and design strategies of commercial centers in urban branding. This research has a descriptive-analytical strategy and is of applied type; Which first examines the indicators of urban branding in the metropolis of Tabriz with emphasis on shopping centers to answer the first two questions. In this study, first the components of urban branding with emphasis on the commercial aspect were analyzed and then case studies (Tabriz Bazaar, Laleh Park and World Trade Center) were investigated. In this study, data collection was done through the distribution of questionnaires and library studies. For this purpose, this survey has been conducted to identify and brand commercial places in Tabriz with a survey of experts and city managers and the technique of distributing Likert scale questionnaires among 30 people, and has been analyzed to answer the third question of the research. In the findings section, the historical market of Tabriz has the most capabilities in commercial branding and has weaknesses in the field of non-resistance to natural disasters. The results of field research and statistical analysis on branding of shopping centers in Tabriz are as follows:

Today, tourism is one of the drivers of community development. Meanwhile, periurban tourism, like other types of tourism, plays an important role in local and regional development and local economy. The purpose of the present study, which has been conducted in the Vardij-Varish tourism axis, is to formulate tourism development strategies. The research method is descriptive-analytical. To collect data, documentary methods and reference to library and survey resources have been used. The SWOT model and the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) were also used for data analysis. The results show that the appropriate strategy for tourism development in the study area is competitive. The approach of local and regional managers to the issue of tourism and the need to develop the tourism axis and proximity to population centers and the activities of Tehran and Alborz provinces are among the important opportunities of the tourism axis. Also, based on the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM), strategies such as planning to shift to agricultural tourism and ecotourism, diversify rural employment to create sustainable livelihoods and attract tourists to rural areas, and diversification strategies to tourism activities and facilities and services to increase job diversity gained the highest rank and priority, respectively. Diversification of advertising programs to introduce attractions to tourists and attract public participation in the protection and sustainable use of natural resources with emphasis on environmental protection is another important strategy in tourism development on the Vardij-Varish axis.

Performance assessment is the process of quantifying the effectiveness and efficiency of an organization's performance-related activities. Efficiency refers to the amount of success of an organization in the optimal use of inputs to produce more outputs. Evaluating the efficiency of organizational units using data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a new method for performance assessment. Since Tehran Municipality is required to respond and satisfy citizens, the present study investigates the efficiency of the 22 districts of Tehran Municipality in responding to citizens' requests using DEA. We proposed DEA base on Input-oriented and Output-oriented models under the Constant Return to Scale (CRS) and Variable Return to scale (VRS) assumptions. This study uses the number of staff, per capita cost, the number of messages in the 137 system as inputs and response time and, the validity of response performance as outputs of the model. The proposed model with these variables has not been considered in similar studies. Findings indicate that in CRS model, five districts (4, 8, 9, 13, 17) are operating efficiently and, in VRS model, four more districts (3, 14, 21, 22) are efficient as well. The ranking of efficient units was obtained using Andersen and Petersen (AP) model. Finally, it was determined how much change in the inputs and outputs improves the relative efficiency of inefficient districts. The most important managerial result of this study is providing suggestions for improving the efficiency of inefficient districts.

Rivers are the main factor that changes the shape of the earth. River geomorphology studies the forms and processes of rivers and their change and evolution and the role of humans and the interactions between them. Urban rivers are one of the ecosystems that have been destroyed and manipulated due to ill-considered and unscientific human interventions. The Kan River Corridor, as one of the most important rivers in Tehran, has not been an exception to these changes. Due to human changes in the bed of this river and its canalization, the natural and ecological functions of this river have been reduced and disturbed. The Kan River in Tehran is facing it. The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the conditions and morphological quality of the Kan River in Tehran using the MQI model. In this regard, using field observations and Google Earth images, 6 intervals were determined and identified along the way. After reviewing and scoring 28 indicators using MQI model, interval 2, ie Bustan Javanmardan, showed very poor morphological quality and intervals 1, 3 and 4 showed poor quality. Only two intervals 5 and 6 in the lower part of the corridor, ie airport areas. And sand mines were of moderate quality. In general, the morphological quality of the whole river corridor was evaluated as poor with a score of 0.4.

Today, informal settlements are a major indicator of the spread of unsustainable urbanization in the world. The environmental problems of these settlements are seriously intertwined with the economic and social aspects of human activities; DPSIR framework is a flexible approach that considers both economic and social factors as well as environmental factors in assessing environmental pollution. In this research with field survey based observation method, Meta-analysis of previous studies, Library studies and review of upstream documents, the main components of DPSIR were identified in the research topic; Then, using the semi-structured interview method with panel of experts based on the main extracted indicators, Their opinions are collected and then by extracting and categorizing the factors proposed by the experts and removing the overlaps with the primary factors extracted by the authors and combining synonymous items, final effective factors in environmental pollution of informal settlements of Mashhad were identified. Then, by analyzing the final factors, an integrated conceptual model of environmental pollution management in informal settlements of Mashhad was obtained. Population growth due to high Immigration rate to Mashhad and unbalanced spatial-physical development of informal settlements, social, cultural and economic characteristics of these settlements, along with low environmental literacy of residents and lack of good urban governance as the most important driving forces in creating the effects of environmental pollution in informal settlements of Mashhad were identified. In accordance with these works, policy making and planning responses were provided in order to create a situation of sustainable development of these settlements.

In the current era of the world energy market, it is necessary to identify the key uncertainties and drivers that affect the future state of the planned system as an integral part of future research studies in the context of the current turbulent and dynamic environment; In this industry, not only traditional and conventional planning has the final say, but also the political situation and strategies of countries, environmental rules, Therefore, futuristic studies are necessary to identify the uncertainties and driving forces affecting spatial planning based on oil and energy; Meanwhile, Kermanshah province, despite its numerous oil and gas reserves and potentials, should be sensitive to developments in the field of energy; To adopt appropriate strategies in the future, to seek balanced development, increase the level of development and reduce spatial imbalances in the center-periphery. In this regard, the present research has used the scenario-based method of futurism. First, by studying national and transnational documents and foresight workshop, 83drivers in the field of energy industry were extracted; Then21 main clusters were identified by clustering method; Then, using the "effectiveness / effectiveness" matrix,6key (critical) uncertainties were identified; Finally, using the interaction analysis (CIB) method in ScenarioWizard software, alternative futures were drawn in three scenarios: instability, ideal, active and competitive. By applying the essence of knowledge resulting from the illustration of these scenarios, a suitable ground is provided for future sustainable decisions and planning in the province.

Due to the growth of cities in recent years and of course those issues and problems have been created in the city that these problems have affected all aspects of urbanization. One of these significant problems in cities is the existence of old textures and in need of revitalization. Thinkers and urban planners presented several principles and solutions to solve these problems, including smart cities or sustainable development, which in this study, sustainable urban development is a beacon. Applying the principles of sustainable development and combining them with the urban revitalization approach can be considered as an appropriate approach to resolving conflicts in the old and problematic urban contexts. The present study is of an applied type that research tools such as questionnaires and field observations have been used in Nezamabad neighborhood and Shahid Madani street. The extracted data were analyzed using AHP and SWOT methods and Expert choice software. Findings show that strategies to strengthen and strengthen the buildings of the texture in order not to neglect urban life, use of unsuitable uses to physically develop the neighborhood, strengthen and regenerate the old and worn texture of the neighborhood in order to revitalize the city and develop the residential sector in Areas with lower densities are more important, respectively.

The study of the comprehensive plan for the development of Tehran's cultural space shows that the definition of local and thematic plans that have been done in the sub-zones of this plan has been formed without explaining the components of sense of place. it seems that the implementation of the plan will not reach its goals until then. In this research, the components of sense of place in the scientific-cultural sub-zone of the Darvazeh Dowlat to Enghelab Square in the center of Tehran have been explained. Physical characteristics, social classes of residents, users of space, natural features, traffic axes and streets in this area affect the components of sense of place; Therefore, the type of attention and priority given to each component is very important for urban planning and design policy makers in order to promote a sense of place.In this study, prioritization of attention to the components of sense of place based on the views of experts on the place in the scientific-cultural axis of Darvazeh Dowlat to Enghelab square as one of the components of Tehran cultural zone using a combination of three models Structural-analytical, Mick Mac and Topsis have been performed. . In explaining the indicators of sense of place in the cultural zone of Tehran, three categories of indicators "effective", "dependent", "independent" can be identified and "linked" index was not identified. Also, the results of ISM-MICMAC-TOPSIS analysis model were used .