نشریه مطالعات اخلاق کاربردی
سال یازدهم شماره 42 (تابستان 1400)

The science of jurisprudence and the science of ethics are two original Islamic sciences that have a reciprocal effect on each other and are considered complementary; because they have a common purpose, which is to obey the divine commands and be close to Him. Enjoining the good and forbidding the evil are among the jurisprudential obligations in which morality has a special effect, without morality they do not have a useful and lasting effect on individuals and society. In the verses of the Holy Quran, while stating the various dimensions of the obligation of enjoining the good and forbidding the evil, it fully shows the dominance of the spirit of morality over them. Therefore, the present study, using a descriptive-analytical method, seeks to express the complementary relationship between ethics and jurisprudence in the verses of enjoining the good and forbidding the evil. Emphasizing this paradigm, in which the focus is on the influence and rule of ethics on jurisprudence, as well as other teachings of Islamic jurisprudence have such a background and support.

Moral development is one of the characteristics of comprehensive development of the country, which is affected by political, social, economic, cultural dimensions and affects other dimensions through mutual relations. In this paper, the moral development of society is examined with a kind of structural and socialist approach that, in addition to individualistic interpersonal relationships, looks at the collective body beyond the totality of individuals. In this article, with an analytical-rational approach and avoiding exclusivism, we analyze the effective cognitive and motivational factors in moral development in Iranian society. Attention to the complexity of ethics in today's society, critical application of values, national pathology and emphasis on sociological studies of ethics in the analysis of the current situation, emphasis on investment in children and moral infrastructure such as family and school, non-educational Direct ethics with emphasis on mass media, creating internal contexts (otherness: empathy, love, altruism) and external motivation and public participation such as trust, transparency, legalism, youthfulness, etc. Such are analytical factors.

the moral consequences of approved laws and regulations are subject to reflection. This issue needs research and analysis to help the legislator in decision-making and legislation do it in accordance with ethical rules and ensuring an ethical approach to prevent the moral ineffectiveness of laws or their immoral approach. The fourth paragraph of Article 190 of the Civil Code introduces one of the basic conditions for the validity of transactions as "the legitimacy of the stimulus of transaction" and thereby considers the illegitimate motive to invalidate the contract. The means of concluding a contract is to carry out illegitimate goals, including committing sin and conduct that is prohibited and contrary to public order. Also, this legal measure is in line with the prohibition of the deputy in sin and committing a crime. On the other hand, the Islamic moral order observes the necessity of non-disclosure of guilt in this legal rule. According to the law, it is not necessary to specify the direction of the contract, but if it is specified, it should not be illegitimate. Creating grounds for lies and hypocrisy. The result of this is to pay attention to the approach and the moral and social effects of the legal conditions, leading to the formation of opinions in accordance with the moral teachings of Islam and the order of society, which can create an efficient and new look at legislative decisions.

The aim of this study was to philosophically analyze the evolutionary documents of education based on the components of teachers' professional ethics and educational implications. In this research, the research method of conceptual analysis and inferential analogy (Frankenna reconstructed model) has been used. For this purpose, based on 8 basic axes of teacher professional ethics and valid indicators have been calculated; The content of educational transformation documents has been examined and analyzed to identify related descriptive and prescriptive propositions, and then a corresponding pattern consisting of goals, principles and methods of teacher professional ethics has been inferred. The research findings indicate some implications for the goals, principles and methods of teacher ethics. Among the goals of a teacher's professional ethics are: achieving happiness and perfection, cultivating a sense of responsibility, gaining competencies, and laying the groundwork for guiding educators. Some of the principles are: the principle of respect, commitment, competence and patience. Among the methods, we can mention the method of moral modeling, belief in belief, transcendence of existential affairs, and gradualness and continuity. The results of the research show that the evolutionary documents of education are in accordance with the axes of teacher professional ethics and efforts should be made to teach new professional ethics to new teachers.

Ethics and professional behavior are very important for accounting. Without the acceptance and trust of users, the provision of services by accountants is futile. In general, if there is a professional ethic in a profession, that profession will thrive, otherwise, we must wait for its destruction. Therefore, the present study has been conducted with the aim of identifying and examining the criteria affecting the professional ethics of accountants. For this purpose, with the qualitative research approach and meta-hybrid tools that include weekly steps, 79 of the findings of previous researches have been systematically evaluated and analyzed. Using the Shannon entropy method, the effect coefficient of the identified criteria has been determined based on the content analysis approach. Finally, the criteria that have the greatest impact on the professional ethics of the accountant were determined. The criteria identified in this study are practical and show the importance of the professional ethics of accountants. The results of this study help to reduce the gap between theories in the field of professional ethics in accounting and the practice of professional behavior in practice.

the purpose of this study is to investigate the role of size and age of the companies in their effort to observe social ethics (social responsibility). Ethics is a set of do's and don'ts and is one of the instincts and rational axioms of human beings and is one of the most important goals of the prophets according to the Qur'an; because the exaltation and happiness of man depends on adherence and beauty to the divine morality. This article intends to address the concept of professional ethics and its importance and various dimensions and the need for ethics in today's organizations. In this research, Cadal site and new Rahvard software have been used to collect information. To test the research hypotheses, financial information and social ethics of 86 companies during the 90s and using stata software at 95% confidence level and regression method were used. The results of this study indicate that there is a direct and significant relationship between the size and age of the company with respect to social ethics in the field of environmentandsocialparticipation.