فصلنامه راهبرد اجتماعی فرهنگی
پیاپی 39 (تابستان 1400)

Urban transport policy-making and planning is of great importance in determining the forms of the development of a city. Not only the future of the urban life but also the city dwellers’ daily lives depend on how the cities make transportation decisions. Considering the position of transportation policy in the citizens’ lives, this study aims at exploring and examining the requirements of the right to the city in the process of transport policy in Tehran. The study data were qualitative integrated and were collected through semi-structured interviews, higher-order documents, and libraries and were analyzed through grounded theory method. Then, through theoretical and purposeful sampling, 20 experts including some managers of different urban managerial systems and some citizens were interviewed until the data saturation. Later on, the collected data were coded and analyzed in the form of 9 axial categories and one core category. Findings indicate that the legal capacity for participation, institutional capacity, and transparency and oversight mechanisms are among the causal conditions of the requirements of the right to the city in Tehran's transportation policy. The macrostructure of Tehran’s urban planning, the underlying conditions, and the macro-decision-making system of the intervening conditions were identified. Reconstructing the requirements of the right to the city in the process of policy-making and planning for the development of Tehran's transportation system indicates that a comprehensive network of transparency and oversight, along with participatory planning, are the strategies that can be employed. According to the findings of this study, the requirements of the right to the city in the transport policy process can lead to good urban governance in this area as well as at the general level of urban management.

Augmented reality is defined as watching a real phenomenon to which some visual, audio, and video information via computer or GPS have  been added. Augmented reality technology is one of the significant developments that has affected many social areas although it has technical and technological origin. Communication is one of the fields that has gone through some extensive changes  resulted from the application of this technology. Given this, the main question of this study is how augmented reality technology affects shaping the future of Iran's communication strategies. Through survey research method, the views of the statistical population of the research, which consisted of 240 ICT experts working in the field of augmented reality, were gathered and analyzed. It was then concluded that the most important application of augmented reality technology in Iran's communication strategies is media activity and the biggest influence of this technology is in the field of entertainment and recreation. The main finding is that the most important obstacle to the use and development of augmented reality technology in Iran's communication strategies is the lack of knowledge and consensus about this technology in the country. Besides, the relevant executive bodies must be program-oriented and with a strategic and forward-looking view continuously monitor the upcoming situations, apply appropriate policies in this regard, and pave the way for application of this technology if they want this technology to be applied.

This study is aims at identifying and prioritizing the social problems and harms in Ilam the province. The approach adopted is qualitative and in term of purpose it is categorized as an exploratory research which has been conducted by means of Delphi method. The statistical sample consisted of 40 specialists and experts of the province who were selected through purposive sampling and the data were collected and analyzed in three successive stages. Findings indicate that, from experts’ standpoint, some problems such as poverty, inflation and livelihood troubles, unemployment of educated people, partisanship, low level of institutional trust, negative individualism, feelings of discrimination and injustice, drug addiction, social indifference, rising the age of marriage and celibacy, low level of social tolerance, suicide, street anger, divorce and collective conflict are of high priority. The results indicate the high importance and priority of the economic issues as the first and before the social ones and most of the issues in the province are related to the social and cultural macrostructure of society.

The Covid-19 pandemic is not only a disease but also has all the characteristics of defining a social problem. On a global scale, it covers 8 billion people worldwide, and humans are experiencing a great deal of insecurity. This study aims at investigating the relationship between the outbreak of Corona19 pandemic and the feeling of social insecurity among the citizens of Tehran. The research method adopted was survey and the data collection tool was a standard questionnaire. The findings indicate that the mean of the feeling of social insecurity rising from Covid-19 pandemic in the study sample (3.28) is significantly higher than that of the theoretical one (3).  Among the dimensions of the feeling of social insecurity including life, economic, general, psychological, emotional, and collective ones had the highest mean, respectively, and were mostly affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. The results also showed that there was no significant relationship between age and the feeling of social insecurity rising from the corona virus outbreak and this feeling was significantly different among the cases of the sample in terms of education. Also, women felt more insecure than did men. Therefore, on the basis of the findings, it can be concluded that the Covid-19 outbreak has increased the feeling of social insecurity among the subjects of the sample.

This study aims at identifying the factors affecting the promotion of social capital and its impact on reducing social alienation. The method adopted was combined and of nested type and collecting the quantitative and qualitative data (survey - cognitive phenomena) was done simultaneously. The quantitative data were collected through two questionnaires of social alienation and social capital from 410 students of Tehran University and Science and Research Branch of Islamic Azad University through proportional stratified sampling method. The qualitative data were collected through purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews with 16 people until the stage of theoretical saturation. The collected data were then analyzed through SPSS25 & Atlas ti software. The findings of the quantitative data analysis showed that the variable of social alienation has a significant and inverse relationship with those of empathy (0.01) - 0.13 and trust (0.001) - 0.21. Qualitative analysis of 19 categories including globalization, change in values and lifestyle, gender stereotypes, media, education, religious values, higher education, public spaces, social welfare, feelings of relative deprivation, social norms, family, social adequacy, network of mutual trust, good governance, meritocracy, crisis management, economic instability, and employment and business were extracted. Overall, the results showed that in order to promote social capital and reduce social harms, planners should take comprehensive attention to economic, cultural, political, and social areas into their serious consideration.

The expansion of social relations and the requirements of modern human life have led to an increase in the presence of women in society and resultantly an increase in the social relations between men and women. One of the most important social issues, the relation between men and women, is knowing the basics and principles of this relation. The present research conducted through analytical-descriptive method aims at examining the principles of social relations between men and women from Islamic standpoint and employing the practical behaviours of the prophets and saints(AS). Findings showed that Islam has already recommended some moral dos and don'ts for any kind of social presence of men and women and their relations, and emphasizes that anything that leads to corruption and sedition should be avoided. Additionally, keeping respect for women’s personalities; protecting their privacy; recommending them to avoid mixing, observe the principles of modesty, chastity, and hijab, and leave unnecessary mixed-gender meetings in social environments are all among the principles of male-female social relations that are the spirit of Islamic teachings and the practical behaviours of the infallibles(P.B.U.T)emphasizes and interprets them.

One of the indicators of judging the development of a society is the social mobility especially, its ascending vertical type and the factors affecting it. This study aims at  investigating the role of speech skills, self-disclosure, writing skills, and the use of communication technologies in intergenerational social mobility. It is a quantitative research in which the survey method and the researcher-made questionnaire have been used. The statistical population included 5,240,090 people selected from Tehran's over-30-year-old citizens . The sample was 384 persons selected through Cochran's formula and Sampling was done in the form of multi-stage clusters. The results revealed that communication skills and population variables had affected the citizens’ intergenerational social mobility with a coefficient of 0.19. Writing skill with β: 0.23 and self-disclosure with β: 0.24 also had affected intergenerational social mobility. There was no significant relationship between speech skills and using communication technologies and intergenerational social mobility. Besides, gender variable with β: -0.34 and marital status variable with β: 0.11 had affected social mobility. Based on the t-test and considering gender variable, vertical intergenerational social mobility was more in men and considering marital status, it was more in singles. Tehran citizens’ communication skills were more than average and their intergenerational social mobility was ascending for men and descending for women.