نشریه مدیریت ارتقای سلامت
سال یازدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 53، بهمن و اسفند 1400)

Paying attention to the personality abilities of adolescents with conduct disorder can reduce the context of crime in them. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of "Positive Psychological Intervention" on social well-being in male adolescents with conduct disorder in Ahvaz Correctional Center.

The method of the present study was quasi-experimental and its design was pre-test-post-test-follow-up with the control group. This study was conducted in 2020 in the statistical population of boy adolescents with conduct disorder in Ahvaz Correction and Rehabilitation Center in the age range of 15 to 18 years. 30 boy adolescents with conduct disorder were selected by purposive sampling method and then randomly divided into intervention and control groups using lottery. The intervention group participated in 8 sessions in 90-minute focused on “Positive Psychological Intervention” and the control group was on the waiting list to receive the intervention. The data collection tool was a demographic questionnaire and the “Social Well-Being Scale”, which was completed by two groups in three rounds of pre-test, post-test and follow-up. The validity of this scale was based on previous studies and the reliability was calculated by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data analysis was analyzed in SPSS.20.   

There was a significant difference between the two groups in the social welfare score (F=53.915, P=0.001) over time (P<0.05) and the scores of the intervention group from pre-test to follow-up. It has had an upward trend. In total, “Positive Psychological Intervention” explains 65% of the differences observed in social well-being scores.

“Positive Psychological Intervention” is an effective treatment method in increasing the social well-being of boy adolescents with conduct disorder. It is recommended to use “Positive Psychological Intervention” in other Correction and Rehabilitation Center.

Diabetes is a chronic disease that with many limitations has many negative consequences for the individual. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of “Affect Regulation Training” on cognitive emotion regulation and glycosylated hemoglobin levels in women with type 2 diabetes.

The design of the present study was a quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test and follow-up and with a control group. The statistical population of the present study included all women with type 2 diabetes who referred to the Resalat Laboratory located in Tehran in the summer of 2019. Among the volunteer patients to participate in the study, 30 were purposefully selected and randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control (15 people in each group). Demographic characteristics questionnaire, "Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire" and glycosylated hemoglobin test were used to collect data. In the present study, the convergent validity of the "Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire", the reliability of the internal consistency method by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the reliability of the glycosylated hemoglobin measuring device were calculated. The intervention of “Affect Regulation Training” was performed in 12 sessions of 90 minutes. Data were analyzed in SPSS. 22.

“Affect Regulation Training” was significantly effective in improving cognitive emotion regulation in women with type 2 diabetes (P <0.05).

“Affect Regulation Training” is an effective intervention in improving cognitive emotion regulation in women with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, it is suggested that in designing and implementing programs related to diabetes treatment “Affect Regulation Training” be used as an effective intervention in cognitive emotion regulation and also controlling glycosylated hemoglobin in patients with diabetes.

Empowering people with type 2 diabetes plays an important role in their life. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of “Short Self-Management” intervention on empowerment of women with type 2 diabetes with psychological insulin resistance. 

The present study was performed by quasi-experimental method with pre-test, post-test and 2-month follow-up with the control group. The population of this study was women with type 2 diabetes with psychological insulin resistance who were registered in the Guilan Diabetes Charity Association in 2020 and were eligible for support services. 32 women with type 2 diabetes mellitus with psychological insulin resistance were purposefully selected and then randomly divided into two groups of intervention (16 people) and control (16 people). Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the “Diabetes Empowerment Scale-Short Form” The content validity was measured by qualitative method and reliability was measured by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. After performing the pre-test, the intervention group received 90 minutes of “Short Self-Management” Intervention in 6 sessions. During this period, the control group was on the waiting list for intervention. After the intervention and after 2 months, post-test and follow-up were performed. Data analysis was analyzed in SPSS.21.

The results of repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the trend of changes in empowerment of women with diabetes from pre-test to follow-up (time-group interaction) was different in groups (F=31.729, P=0.001).

“Short Self-Management” intervention is an effective way to empower women with type 2 diabetes with psychological insulin resistance. It is recommended that this intervention be used to empower people with type 2 diabetes with psychological insulin resistance in medical centers.

Women heads of households sometimes feel lonely and helpless due to the many responsibilities of life. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of “Reality Therapy” and “Narrative Therapy” on the loneliness of women heads of households. 

The method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and follow-up with control group. The statistical population of this study consists of women heads of households under the auspices of the Bojnourd province Veterans and Martyrs Affair Foundation (VMAF) was included in 2020. 45 of them were selected by convenience sampling method. Then, they were randomly divided into two intervention groups and one control group by lottery method. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the “UCLA Loneliness Scale” (Version 3). Content validity was calculated by qualitative method and reliability by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The first intervention group received “Reality Therapy” and the second intervention group received “Narrative Therapy” in 8 sessions and the control group was on the waiting list to receive the intervention. Data analysis was analyzed in SPSS. 21. 

“Reality Therapy” and “Narrative Therapy” were effective on the loneliness of women heads of households (P <0.05). Comparison of 2 interventions showed that there is a significant difference between the effectiveness of “Reality Therapy” and “Narrative Therapy” on reducing loneliness in women-headed households and “Narrative Therapy” has been more effective on reducing loneliness over time (P <0.05).

“Narrative Therapy” over time has played an effective role in reducing the loneliness of women-headed households. It is recommended that this treatment be performed to reduce feelings of loneliness in other women heads of households and similar groups.

Fear of guilt and latent aggression are two important variables in creating and maintaining obsessive-compulsive symptoms that have so far been overlooked in the treatment of contamination obsessive-compulsive disorder. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of "Intensive and Short-term Psychodynamic Therapy" on fear of guilt and latent aggression in female patients with contamination obsessive-compulsive disorder.

The present study was performed with a single case experimental design with asynchronous multiple baseline. The statistical population includes women contamination obsessive-compulsive disorder referred to psychotherapy clinics, psychiatric offices and psychology in Ahvaz in 2019. The research sample consisted of 3 people who met the entry and exit criteria and were purposefully selected and convenience. Patients were clinically interviewed according to DSM-5 criteria to confirm contamination obsessive-compulsive disorder. To collect data from the demographic questionnaire, "Fear of Guilt Scale" and to assess the latent aggression from the latent aggression subscale "Responsibility and Interpersonal Behavior and Attitude Questionnaire" was used. The validity of the instruments was assessed by content validity, construct validity by confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity and the reliability of an internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient.3 patients were admitted to the study according to the instructions of one-case plans and in 20 sessions of 60 minutes (one session per week) underwent “Intensive and Short-term Psychotherapy" and during 3 stages of baseline, treatment and follow-up evaluation. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods such as stable change index, clinically significant improvement, and visual mapping.

Stable change index for the fear of guilt variable in the first to third patient was 4.8, 4.8, 4.6. According to RCI <1.96, the findings are significant and not random. The recovery rates for the first to third patients were 28%, 63% and 53%, respectively, indicating relative success in the first patient and complete success in the second and third patients. The stable change index for the latent aggression variable of the first to third patients was 1.5, 4 and 4.3, respectively. The results are higher than RCI <1.96 and indicate that the changes are significant and non-random. The patients' recovery rates were 15%, 32% and 37%, respectively. The second and third patients were in the range of relative recovery and the first patient was in the range of treatment failure. 

“Intensive and Short-term Psychotherapy" was effective in reducing fear of guilt and latent aggression. Fear of guilt was influenced by treatment rather than latent aggression. Therefore, the use of the above treatment method is recommended for female patients with contamination obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Hypertension is exacerbated by mental illness such as anxiety. The aim of this study was to compare automatic thoughts and alexithymia with anxiety in people with hypertension and people without hypertension in Zanjan in 2019.

The method of the present study was descriptive-comparative. The statistical population of this study included all people with hypertension and people without hypertension in Zanjan in 2019. For sampling, 5 health centers were randomly selected by lottery and from these 5 bases, 126 people (63 people with hypertension and 63 people without hypertension) were non-random quota method selected and entered the study. Data were collected using demographic questionnaires, Sphygmomanometer, "Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire", "Toronto Alexithymia Scale" and "Beck Anxiety Inventory". The validity of the instruments was limited to previous studies. The reliability of the instruments was confirmed by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data were analyzed in SPSS. 24.

With the increase of automatic thoughts and alexithymia, the level of anxiety in both groups increases (P-Value <0.05). There was no significant difference between people with hypertension and those without hypertension in terms of their mean thoughts and their components and anxiety (P-Value <0.05). Also, in terms of the average of alexithymia, there is no significant difference between people with hypertension and people without hypertension; except for the externally oriented thinking component in which people without hypertension have a higher mean (P-Value <0.05). 

Automatic thoughts and alexithymia (a component of difficulty identifying feelings) are positively related to anxiety in the group of people with hypertension. It is suggested that psychology training classes be held for people with hypertension to control and reduce automatic thoughts and alexithymia.

Organizations are constantly changing and their survival depends on these changes. One of the important problems of organizations is organizational inertia. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation of organizational laziness with organizational performance mediated by organizational Inertia in the staff of the Ministry of Sports and Youth.

The present study is descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of the present study was all employees of the Ministry of Sports and Youth, whose number was announced as 831 people. Among them, 268 conveniences were selected as a sample. Measurement instruments included demographic questionnaire, "Organizational Laziness Questionnaire", "Organizational Performance Questionnaire" and "Organizational Inertia Questionnaire". The validity of the instruments was assessed by face validity method, content validity index, content validity ratio, construct validity using confirmatory factor analysis, convergent and divergent validity. Also, the combined reliability and reliability of the internal consistency method were calculated and confirmed by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the instruments. Data analysis using Laser 8 software, SPSS .24 and PLS. 3.2.2 were performed. 

Organizational laziness is directly correlated with the organizational performance of the employees of the Ministry of Sports and Youth (Z value = 11.908; P <1.96). Organizational inertia can also strengthen the intensity of correlation by playing the role of mediator (Sobel = 8.68). 

Organizational laziness is directly correlated with the organizational performance of the staff of the Ministry of Sports and Youth. Organizational inertia is mediating the correlation between organizational laziness and organizational inertia. It is suggested that the managers of the Ministry of Sports and Youth increase the organizational performance of the staff by planning to reduce laziness and organizational inertia.

Psychosomatic disorders are among the problems caused by stressful factors of life. The aim of this study was to developing structure model of psychosomatic disorders based on cognitive ability, morningness-eveningness types and brain/behavioral systems mediated by perceived stress in women with chronic pain in Ahvaz. 

The present study is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study includes all women with chronic pain who were treated in medical centers in Ahvaz in 2020. The statistical sample consisted of 200 women with chronic pain in Ahvaz who were selected by purposive and available sampling method. Participating women had more than 3 years of physical pain that did not improve with medical treatment and was diagnosed with psychosomatic disorder. In order to collect data from the demographic questionnaire, the "psychosomatic complaints" subscale, of “Mental Health Measurements", "Nejati Cognitive Abilities Questionnaire", “Horne & Östberg Morningness- Eveningness Types Questionnaire", “Brain/Behavioral Systems Questionnaire” and “Perceived Stress Scale” were used. The validity of the instruments was based on previous studies and the reliability was determined by internal consistency by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data analysis was performed in SPSS. 24 and Amos. 24.

The pattern of structural equations showed that cognitive ability and perceived stress are directly correlated with psychosomatic disorders (β=0.33). Also, cognitive ability (β= 0.40), types of circadian times (β= -0.16) and behavioral inhibition (β=0.29) are correlated with psychosomatic disorders through perceived stress. Therefore, the modified model fits the data. While the behavioral activator component is not directly related to psychosomatic disorders either indirectly or through perceived stress. 

Psychosomatic disorders are predicted through cognitive ability, different types of circadian times, and behavioral inhibition mediated by perceived stress. It is suggested that with effective training and treatment of perceived stress, help to improve the symptoms of psychosomatic symptoms and chronic pain.

One of the most important strategies to prevent the destruction of the environment of human origin is environmental education based on principled planning and based on scientific needs assessments. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop an environmental education model for high school students in the education system with a Grounded Theory approach.

The present qualitative research was conducted by the theoretical method of Grounded Theory. The research population included all designers and authors of textbooks of the Educational Research and Planning Organization in the field of life sciences and social sciences based in Tehran. The number of samples using the theoretical saturation principle was 10 people who were selected using purposive sampling method using snowball method. Data collection was performed by semi-structured interviews. To assess the findings of the four criteria including, credibility, generalizability, reliability and verification, and to assess the reliability of the interviews by the method of retesting and the method of agreement within the agreement. The reliability of the test (stability index) of these interviews was 0.88 and the reliability of the interviews by intra-subject agreement method was equal to 0.82. Data analysis was performed by coding method and using Max QDI. 12. 

27 axis codes were identified as causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, central phenomena, strategies and as consequences. 

The results showed that the causal conditions component includes 3 central codes, the contextual conditions component includes 5 central codes, the intervening conditions component includes 5 central codes, the central phenomenon component includes 4 central codes, the strategies component includes 3 central codes and the consequences component includes 7 central codes. Educational planners are advised to include these identified components and core codes in their planning.

Implementing strategic plans is a multitasking task that enables organizations to achieve their goals. The purpose of this study is identifying inhibiting factors in the implementation of strategic planning in Iranian sports organizations.

The method of the present study is content analysis with a qualitative approach. The statistical population of this study consisted of all senior, middle, operational and senior experts of the Ministry of Sports and Youth of Iran, as well as the elites of strategic planning in sports in the country in 2019-2020. The research samples included 13 faculty members of the Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch and senior, middle, operational and senior experts of the Ministry of Sports and Youth of Iran (Tehran), which continued until the saturation of information. Four criteria of credibility, confirmability, transferability and dependability were used to evaluate the validity and reliability of qualitative data.Research data were analyzed by conventional content analysis method.

Research results 5 main themes and 28 sub-themes including: management factors (with 9 sub-themes), factors related to employees (with 6 sub-themes), financial factors (with 2 sub-themes), technical and planning factors (with 7 sub-themes) and political factors (with 4 sub-themes) showed.

Findings showed the existence of 5 main themes. It is suggested that the findings of the present study be used in the implementation of strategic planning in Iranian sports organizations.

The family as the source of human emotions is the center of the most intimate relationships between individuals and the core of public health. The present study was conducted with the aim of correlating cognitive emotion regulation and security feeling with marital adjustment in couples in Qom. 

The method of the present study was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included couples in Qom who were selected by non-random sampling method using convenience method and using Cochran's form, 384 people were selected and entered the study. The collection instruments included a demographic questionnaire, the "Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire", the "Security Feeling Scale” and the "Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale". Content validity was measured by qualitative method and construct validity was measured by exploratory factor analysis. The reliability of the instruments was assessed by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data analysis was performed in SPSS. 24.

35.4% of the dispersion of marital adjustment is predictable based on cognitive emotion regulation and security feeling. Cognitive emotion regulation had a significant correlation with couples' adjustment of couples (r=0.530). Security feeling also had a significant correlation with marital adjustment (r=0.448). 

Cognitive emotion regulation and security feeling are strong predictors of marital adjustment. Therefore, it is recommended to be considered in educational counseling for couples.

Violence against women in developed societies as well as in developing societies has always been a concern and harm. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of "Coping Therapy" on general self-efficacy, psychological well-being and resilience in women under domestic violence under domestic violence in Tehran. 

The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest-follow-up design and a control group. 40 abused women of Hazrat Abolfazl (AS) Comprehensive Health Center of Rey city, Kahrizak in 2020, were included in the study by considering the inclusion criteria and by purposive random sampling. Then, by simple random sampling method, they were assigned to the intervention group "Coping Therapy" (20 people) and control (20 people). The data were completed with the demographic questionnaire, "General Self-Efficacy Scale", "Psychological Welfare Scale" and "Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale" in three stages. Content validity was performed by qualitative method, face validity and reliability by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data were analyzed with SPSS. 24.

The mean variables on general self-efficacy, psychological well-being and resilience in the pre-test stage did not differ significantly between the two groups, indicating the homogeneity of the two research groups in the pre-test stage, but the difference between the two groups in the post-test and follow-up stages was significant. Which can indicate the effectiveness of the "Coping Therapy" intervention on the mentioned variables and also the stability of effectiveness in the follow-up phase (P <0.001). 

"Coping Therapy" has a positive and significant effect on general self-efficacy, psychological well-being and resilience in women under domestic violence. It is suggested that "Coping Therapy" be used as a psychological intervention to increase on general self-efficacy, psychological well-being and resilience, in order to empower abused women.