نشریه علم و تمدن در اسلام
پیاپی 10 (زمستان 1400)

According to many past historians and contemporary scholars, the Mongol invasion and their rule over Iran has caused the destruction of educational centers and the stagnation of science and knowledge in this land. However, the study of historical documents and sources and the study of scientific works of scientists in this period indicate that despite the existing mentality, the Ilkhanate era in terms of evolution and frequency of educational centers and revival of scientific activities, especially in the field of intellectual sciences and science of wisdom, is one of the most important time periods in the history of Iran. This research intends to use a descriptive-analytical approach to study the logical and philosophical works of scientists of the Ilkhanate era to answer this question that whether the Mongol domination and rule of the Ilkhanate caused the decline of The Science of Wisdom (logic and philosophy) in Iran or, in this period, the conditions for the reconstruction and evolution of these sciences in Iran as a part of the realm of Islamic civilization have been provided?The result of this study shows that with the rule of the Ilkhanate, in spite of all the devastation caused by the Mongol invasion, after that the educational institution was handled by Iranian thinkers close to political powers, intellectual sciences, especially logic and philosophy came to the attention of the scientific community. The consequence of this change has been the preservation of the past scientific heritage and new achievements in various branches of these sciences.

The spread of the Persian language and literature from the fifth century AH onwards led to the spread of local Persian historiography in India. In the following centuries, provinces such as Deccan, Gujarat, Malouh, and Delhi witnessed the growth of local Persian historiography. Development of Persian language and literature by sultans and some government agents after the Mongol invasion in northern India such as Kashmir or the western subcontinent such as Bengal and Assam (Assam) and other areas such as Punjab in later periods, especially the eleventh and twelfth centuries more prosperous Found. In this research, the descriptive-analytical method and relying on library resources on a case-by-case basis will deal with Persian local historiography in Bengal and Asham region, and through this, the features and characteristics of local historiography in this region will be explained. Two works by Baharestan Ghaybi and Fathieh Ebriyeh were written by two Iranians in the period under consideration. While processing information related to the political, cultural, and social situation in these works, historical geography, climate, and agricultural products are discussed, which is original and remarkable.

The Mongol Invasion (616 AH) is one of the considerable subjects in Islamic-Cultural Iran and a significant factor in the continuation of the concept of Iran. Seek to overcome the Mongol Invasion Crisis, Persian Society took over in the Diplomacy, Efficiency of Persian Bureaucrats, and Dynamics of the Cultural Functions of Persian Elements. One of these significant factors in the continuation of the concept of Iran was the Epopees (Shahnamah - شاهنامه ی منظوم) and one of the most Momentous Epopees is the Hamdallah Mustawfi’s Zafarnamah. There are two aspects towards the Mustawfi, primarily, it introduced the continuance for the benefit of Literary and Cultural People but doesn’t mention Islamic-Cultural Iran. The second aspect uses Iran as an efficient concept and a word that defines the novel historical terms, however, the approach to Mustawfi as a glorious Persian with Ancient Notion is superior to an honorable Persian Muslim in Islamic Iran. In conclusion, According to the technical structure of the debate, attention to the two aspects towards proving the continuity of Iran has neglected the Mustawfi’ Islamic-Cultural Attitude. Therefore this Article aims to specify the facets toward the notion of the continuity of the concept of Iran and answer to the Mustawfi’ Islamic Cultural Attitude and impact of Mongols with Analytical Descriptive Method and specify the aspects and Epopee of Zafarnamah.

The book Mafātīḥ ul-ʿUlum</em> (Keys of Knowledge) is one of the oldest surviving dictionaries of terms of knowledge in Arabic, which is influenced by the book al-ʿAyn</em> al-Farāhīdī, which is tolerantly considered one of the oldest encyclopedias in the Islamic world. The author of this book, Abū-‘Abdillāh al-Khaw</sup>ārazmī, has prepared his book in the name of Abū-l-Ḥussayn ʿUbaydullāh ibn Aḥmad al-ʿUtbī, the minister of Noah ibn Manṣūr as-Sāmānī. Mafātīḥ ul-ʿUlum</em> was published at the first time in two articles and fifteen sections and ninety-three chapters by Van Vloten in Leiden, the Netherlands. The first article includes the knowledge of Sharīʿa</em> and related Arabic knowledge and the second article includes the knowledge of non-Arab people. In this article, for the first time, we have paid close attention to the sources and references of al-Khaw</sup>ārazmī, and especially al-ʿAyn</em> Khalīl ibn Aḥmad al-Farāhīdī, and at the same time, we have extracted the names of the people and books cited by al-Khaw</sup>ārazmī from the book Mafātīḥ ul-ʿUlum</em>. This book is also very valuable linguistically. Because according to the imported words and their application in any knowledge, can be measured and evaluated the impact of other civilizations on Islamic civilization in different knowledge; Words that have been borrowed from languages such as Persian, Greek, Latin, Khaw</sup>ārazmī, Turkish, Marvī, Syriac and Hindī, and have found their way into the book Mafātīḥ ul-ʿUlum</em>. Therefore, in this article, a number of imported words cited by al-Khaw</sup>ārazmī himself have been extracted from the book Mafātīḥ ul-ʿUlum</em>. In addition, this article pays special attention to the course of studies about this book in the West, especially the German Orientalists, as well as Arab scholars.

The civilization of the old has a history with many upside downs and technology has made it possible to change the shape and identity. Islamic civilization has special materials and a high-rise. Our country created the Islamic system by modeling the characteristics of Islamic civilization and the blessings of our leadership. If we have a historic civilization, we are historicity of the rulers and the rulers of the obligation, the colonialist with the use of non-compatible technology and technology tools, destructive advertising, and cultural invasion by promoting the destruction of this civilization and system. The main issue of research is that Genealogy of Prophet is a natural life with a spirituality that promotes the spiritual transplant of the world of worldly life and the Muslims of the Muslims and prevents the conspiracy and the violence of the Western civilization, and promotes corruption by unhealthy technology, which is a challenge to the level of society and the lifestyle of Islamic.The question of the research is the impact of Islamic civilization in the use of technology and technology in the age of information. The research method is the descriptive and content analysis based on field study. The researchers, while examining the future shock and the effects of non-constructive technologies, examines the ethical necessity of technology and its transplantation with Islamic ethics and civilization, and by presenting a researcher model, by identifying the effects of Islamic civilization on technology, inspired by the Genealogy of Prophet, explain the above effects and the pathologists of this issue.

After the weakness of Islamic civilization and in contrast to the beginning of the process of growth and development in Western countries, Islamic thinkers have paid more attention to the subject of civilization, what and its influential factors than ever before and compared to Western civilization new approaches to the evolution of Islamic societies and indicators of civilization. The instrument has been proposed. Mohammad Abed Jaberi is one of the contemporary thinkers and thinkers who has analyzed and studied the political and social developments in the history of Islam under the influence of the developments in Western societies. Using a descriptive-analytical method based on library studies, the present article addresses the main question: what are the components of civilization from Jabri's point of view? Findings show that Jaberi considers the key role of the three elements of belief, booty, and tribe in the study of the history of Islamic culture and civilization and tries to analyze the contemporary political developments in the Islamic world with a critical approach. From Jabri's point of view, the solution for the development of Islamic societies depends on understanding the requirements of the time, adapting to the concepts of the modern world such as democracy, modernity, and political reason.