مجله طب نظامی
سال بیست و سوم شماره 11 (پیاپی 108، بهمن 1400)

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are the main cause of lost working time, increased costs and human injuries of the workforce, including pain. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a corrective exercise on pain and quality of life factors and spinal curvature angles of male formal nurses with kyphosis and forward head position in a military medical center.

The present study was a quasi-experimental study in a military medical center in Tehran in 1398, in which 62 male formal nurses with kyphosis and forward head position (out of 116 nurses) were purposefully identified and divided into two groups of 31 experimental and control. The experimental group participated in a corrective exercise program focused on correcting kyphosis and forward head position, for 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week. For this purpose, a flexible ruler and goniometer were used to assess the kyphosis and forward head position, respectively. The VAS and SF-36 questionnaires before and after exercise were used to assess pain and quality of life, respectively. Independent and paired T-test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for data analysis at the significant level of α = 0.05 with SPSS 22 software.

There was a significant difference between the pre and post-test Intragroup findings variables kyphosis angle (P=0.001), forward head position (P=0.001), pain (P=0.001), and physical dimensions of the quality of life questionnaire (P=0.017) in the experimental group after 8 weeks of corrective exercises. But this wasn’t significant in the control group. There was a significant difference between the intergroup findings in the experimental group and the control group of the variables such as kyphosis angle (P=0.023), forward head position (P=0.011), pain (P=0.024) and physical dimensions of quality of life questionnaire (P=0.017). But there was no significant difference between psychological factors associated with quality of life questionnaire in both experimental and control groups (P≥0.05).

According to the research findings, it can be concluded that in order to reduce pain and to correct or prevent musculoskeletal disorders and improve the quality of life especially physical dimensions, not only nurses and military personnel, rather, everyone in the community should incorporate corrective exercises along with other daily and exercise programs.

Our country is exposed to all kinds of natural and man-made hazards. The armed forces with the ability of regional distribution and quick action, are one of the first organizations to become present in crisis. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the effect of buddy aid education on the knowledge, attitude, and performance of soldiers.

The present study is an experimental and two-group study conducted in 2017. Two units from which settled in Khorramabad were randomly allocated to two experimental and comparison groups. 25 soldiers from each group (experimental and comparison) were selected by simple random sampling. The researcher held six two-hour sessions of buddy aid education in the form of combination training for the experimental group. No intervention was performed by the researcher for the comparison group and like the previous procedure, the training of the comparison group was carried out by lecture method. Knowledge and attitude questionnaires and 5 valid and reliable researcher-made checklists were used to collect data. Questionnaires and checklists were completed before and one week after the intervention by the research units in both experimental and comparison groups. Fisher's test, independent sample t-test and paired sample t-test were used to analyze the data.

There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of demographic characteristics (P>0.05). Besides, there was no significant difference between the two groups in knowledge, attitude and practice before the intervention (P>0.05). After the educational intervention, there was a significant difference between the two experimental and comparison groups in the mean scores of the knowledge areas and the 5 cases of performance (fracture care, bleeding control, transportation of the injured by firefighting procedures, stick and crawl methods) (P>0.05) so that the test group score was higher in both knowledge and performance. There was no significant difference between the two experimental and comparison groups in the attitude (P>0.05).

Given the important and wide role of armed forces in crisis, training of duty personnel through a coherent training program and holding of training classes with an emphasis on practical training is recommended.

Vibration, especially whole body vibration, is one of the most important physical harmful factors in industrial environments as well as vehicles. Exposure to whole-body vibration can cause different mental and physiological reactions in humans. This study aimed to investigate the effect of exposure to whole body vibration on the mental performances of 20-29 years old males in laboratory conditions.

In this research, 32 male students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences with an average age of 22.19±2.6 years and a BMI of 20.23±2.21 kg/m2 participated. The acceleration of the whole body vibration was considered at three levels of low (0.53 m/s2), moderate (0.81 m/s2) and high (1.12 m/s2) according to the ISO 2631 standard at a frequency of 3-7 Hz. The mental functions of each subject were examined first in the vibration-free state and then at different vibration acceleration levels using the IVA (Integrated Visual and Auditory Continues) tool.  The heart rate of the subjects was also recorded by a digital heart rate monitor.

The results of this study showed that with increasing whole body vibration acceleration, visual and auditory attention decreased significantly (P<0.001). In addition, the heart rate and response time of the subjects significantly increased (P<0.001).

The results showed that whole body vibration is an effective factor in reaction time, mental functions and physiological parameters, which can reduce the accuracy of the work.

As a potential biological weapon, Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the most dangerous types of bacteria used in bioterrorism, which is responsible for many foodborne illnesses. In this study, a surface plasmon resonance biosensor (SPR) was designed to detect E. coli using oriented immobilization of T4 bacteriophage.

The surface of the gold disc was first modified with streptavidin. Then, the T4 bacteriophage was biotinylated. Optimization of biotin levels was performed using bacteriophage activity. After confirmation of bacteriophage biotinylation using the dynamic light scattering (DLS) method, T4 bacteriophage was oriented immobilized on the gold disk through the interactions between streptavidin and biotin.

The equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) was found to be 10-17, which showed the great affinity of bacteriophage to interact with E. coli. Using the designed biosensor, E. coli was detected in the concentration range of 101 to 109 bacteria per ml.

Label-free and fast detection of E. coli are the advantages of the proposed biosensor.

Many lizard species are closely related to residential areas and military workplaces. Military areas are often built on the outskirts of cities, and military programs, including maneuvers and camps, are often held in areas that are considered natural lizard habitats. Underground tunnels and weapons depots can also be habitats for these creatures. Although Iranian lizards are not poisonous, some of them can catch painful bites and cause injury and infection. On the other hand, facing these reptiles is frightening or disgusting for many people, so that it often causes fear and obsession, especially during sleep, and ultimately reduces concentration and the combat power of the military forces. Numerous cases of severe fear, anxiety, convulsions, and reduced efficiency of the military units have been reported following encounters with lizards. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, it is necessary to adopt timely and correct preventive and control methods to reduce the abundance of lizards in the military areas. To achieve this goal, identifying the medically important species in the military areas, their habitat, behavior and ecology are critical. This study aimed to raise public awareness about lizards and the reasons for their presence in the military areas, and propose methods of prevention and control of lizards depending on the nature and characteristics of the species. Zoological studies are necessary to monitor habitat and identify species and their abundance before setting up military buildings and permanent and temporal camps and before starting maneuvers. In this study, preventive and control actions are studied distinctly for environmental, physical, chemical and biological control of lizards in the military areas, as well as the need for training of health staff of the military units.

The continuing spread of the pandemic COVID-19 and concerns of veterans and their spouses working in health clubs will be under threat. The aim of this study was to design and evaluate an 8-week combined exercise protocol at home on visceral obesity-related body composition indices (VAI, WHR, BMI, AVI, WHtR, and BAI) and cardiovascular parameters (SBP, DBP, HR, and RPP) veterans of Mazandaran province and their wives.

In this quasi-experimental study, 240 veterans with 25-49% trauma and their spouses were randomly divided into two groups of sports intervention and control. Based on the principle of overload, the intensity and duration of training (200 steps per day) were added to the number of steps and each week the number of sets and repetitions of resistance exercises progressively was increased. Variables were measured at the beginning and end of the training period using laboratory devices (Bruce protocol and electrical bioimpedance) and field test (Rockport). Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance at the P<0.05 level.

Performing 8 weeks of combined training at home significantly improved visceral obesity indices (P<0.01) and significantly reduced myocardial stress (RPP) (P<0.05) in veterans living in the east, center and west of the province compared to The control group as well as their spouses (P<0.05). In addition, a similar significant improvement in cardiovascular function following Bruce (P<0.01) and Rockport (P<0.05) tests was seen only in veterans of these areas. Although this difference between veterans and their spouses was significant in these areas, in the residents of eastern Mazandaran was better than the central and western regions, respectively.

A moderate-intensity combined home exercise program that allows the subject to speak can play a pivotal role in improving cardiovascular function and modulating visceral obesity during the Covid-19 pandemic in war veterans. Paying attention to physical health, especially the spouses of veterans, is recommended to improve the quality of life.