فصلنامه فرهنگ مشاوره و روان درمانی
پیاپی 50 (تابستان 1401)

The present research aims to study the understanding of teachers, students and parents from Influential characteristics of good teachers' counselling role from the perspective of teachers, students and parents that can be employed beside teachers' educational role. The statistical population consisted of teachers, students and parents which was done in the form of Grounded theory through semi structured interviews by targeted sampling:17 teachers,36 students (18 high scores and 18 low scores) and 25 parents were included in the sample group. Based on the findings, participating teachers found the main influential features of the teacher counselling role in two main categories: " improving teacher counselling techniques" and " improving teachers' personal and family life skills"," students in three main categories: " Academic counselling"," non-academic counselling" and ethical counselling" and parents in three main categories:" parents understanding about their children problems", "familiarity of teachers and school management about parents problems" and " parents awareness of school problems and its management". The result is that in schools where students are deprived of a counsellor, most of the students' problems can be solved through counselling role of good teachers. Here the teacher does not replace the counsellor, but only tries to improve the performance of teachers and quality of guidance and counselling services of the school.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness combination of morality treatment (forgiveness) and emotion-focused on hardiness and attitude towards divorce in women applying for divorce. This ‎experimental ‎research study utilized a pretest-‎posttest and follow-‎up ‎control group design. The research population consisted of all divorce applicant women who referred to family counseling centers in Sabzevar during the first 6 months of 2020. Furthermore, 30 divorce applicant woman were selected as the participants of the study using convenience sampling and were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control groups. The research instruments included the Kobasa hardiness questionnaire (1979) and Kineard and Gerard attitudes toward divorce Scale (1986(. To analyze the data, repeated measures ‎ANOVA‎ was used. The research findings demonstrated that combination of morality treatment (forgiveness) and emotion-focused was effective on hardiness and attitudes to divorce in divorce applicant couples(p< 0.05). It should be noted that the persistence of the treatment effect was maintained after two months (p< 0.05). Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that a combination of ethics-oriented (forgiveness) and emotion-oriented approaches can be used to reduce the problems of women seeking divorce and increase their hardiness in dealing with marital life problems.

This study aimed to reduce family factors such as self-knowledge, love and emotional intelligence with the aim of family health and reducing marital conflicts. So that by cluster sampling, 248 samples (115 females and 133 males) were randomly selected from a couple of clients in Tehran counseling centers. The instruments used to collect information were Sanaei et al, Marital Conflict Questionnaire (2017), Ghorbani et al, Self-Knowledge Questionnaire (2008), Sternberg Love Questionnaire (1986), and Schering Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (2001). Survey data were analyzed using stepwise regression. Findings indicate that the variables of self-knowledge, love and emotional intelligence explain a total of 54% of the variance of marital conflicts and the effect of love, self-knowledge and emotional intelligence on reducing marital conflict is greater, respectively. According to the results of this study, it is recommended to develop an accurate educational-therapeutic protocol for couples with the aim of reducing marital conflicts and increasing community health. The results showed that self-knowledge, love and emotional intelligence have a significant role in predicting the reduction of marital conflicts.

Emotion regulation as well as the hormone oxytocin are among the factors affecting couple interaction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of emotion-focused couple therapy on emotion regulation and plasma levels of blood oxytocin hormones. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The study population consisted of couples in Tehran in 1397 who were randomly selected by calling 15 couples in cyberspace and randomly assigned to two groups of control (7 couples) and experimental (8 couples). In addition the emotion difficulty questionnaire (Gertz and Roemer, 2004) and the marital conflict questionnaire (Barati and Sanaei, 2000), ELISA laboratory analysis was used to measure plasma oxytocin levels to collect data. The experimental group underwent emotion-focused couple therapy for 12 sessions, while the control group did not receive any intervention. In addition to descriptive statistics, analysis of covariance and Benferoni pair comparison were used to analyze the data. The results showed that emotion-focused couple therapy improves couples' emotion regulation scores in the components of non-acceptance of emotional response, limited access to emotional regulation strategies and lack of emotional clarity (P<0/05), but on components difficult to perform purposeful behavior, difficulty in controlling impulse and lack Emotional awareness is not significantly effective (P>0/05). The results also showed that emotion-focused couple therapy has a significant effect on reducing the plasma oxytocin level of couples (P<0/05). The results showed that emotion-focused couple therapy can be used to improve emotion regulation and change in the secretion of oxytocin.

Numerous studies have shown that game theory, and in particular the public goods perspective, helps to better understand the behavior of individuals in a global pandemic. The aim of the present study is to explain the vaccination program against COVID-19 virus based on game theory of public goods, to predict non-participation in vaccination as a free riding behavior through dark personality traits. 176 Internet participants were selected by convenience sampling method and answered demographic questions and dark personality traits questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Two-way logistic regression was used to predict the variable of participation in vaccination. The results of Homers-Lemshou test showed that the model fits the data well (x2 = 12.249, P <0.05) and was able to predict the criterion variable (participation / non-participation in the vaccination program) (x2 = 63.914 holistic, P <0.001). Overall, the model was able to predict 86.9% of all cases correctly. Among the three predictor variables of narcissism, Machiavellianism and psychopathy at the error level of 0.05, only the discriminant slope coefficient was significant for the psychopathy variable. Therefore, it can be concluded that the increase in psychopathy scores is associated with a decrease in the probability or chance of participating in vaccination (OR = 0.179). This research uses a concept of economics (game theory) to provide a new explanation of group participation in the vaccination program; The results of this study also help to better understand how people with dark personality traits function in vaccination against COVID-19.

Human life represents a lifelong endeavor to seek and construct meaning. This basic dimension of existence is present every day in the process of working with people in auxiliary professions and challenges therapists to think seriously about the meaning of their lives. Accordingly, the present study was conducted with the aim of identifying the components and sources of meaning of life in counseling students. This qualitative research was performed by interpretive phenomenological method. The study population included all postgraduate counseling students at Allameh Tabatabai University in the winter of 1399. Participants were selected using purposive sampling logic and snowball method and sampling was continued until information saturation. Finally, 14 subjects (11 girls and 3 boys) were studied through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was performed using Van Mann's 6-step content analysis method. From the data analysis, 36 sub-themes, 7 main themes and one core theme were obtained. At the a sense of meaning in the lives of the participants. Also, some of them did not achieve significant coherence in the meaningful elements of life, which led to the emergeironmental factors in the context of "environmental determinants" expressedfe. According to the findings, the meaning of life includes many components and resources in counseling students, in which their helping profession has a lot of intervention. Also, sometimes contradictory concepts such as the lack of a stable value system and ing of life, indicate the evolving, fluid and dynamic meaning of life in this group, which is a growth task throughout their working life.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the educational-pedagogical theater on the responsibility and the moral development of the elementary students. The research design was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with a control group. The population of this study were all fifth and sixth grade elementary students in Ardabil in 2020-2021. Thirty-two people selected by the convenience sampling method were assigned into the experimental and the control groups (N = 16 each). For the experimental group, a designed educational-pedagogical theater program was implemented, while the control group did not receive any training. The research instruments included the Student Responsibility Questionnaire and the Moral Development Test. The results showed that the educational-pedagogical theater intervention had a significant effect on increasing and improving the responsibility and moral development (p<0.05). The findings of this study provide useful information regarding the effect of the educational-pedagogical theater curriculum on increasing the responsibility and moral development. Moreover, using this intervention, the counselors and psychologists can improve the responsibility and moral development of the elementary students.

Marriage as a way to attain peace and human needs has always been front him and people always try to make the best choice for their partner to have a life full of satisfaction. Therefore, the present study seeks to investigate the lived experience in women who married without parental consent.

The research was carried out with a qualitative approach and phenomenological model.The statistical population of the study included 15 women who married without family consent and therefore have no relationship with their original family, were selected by purposive sampling method and sampling continued until data saturation and lack of access to new data.The qualitative research method used was semi-structured interview. All interviews were recorded and transcripted verbatim and analyzed using the Coliseum method.

In this study, 4 main subjects and several minor subjects were extracted. The main subjects included: marital satisfaction, feeling lonely, distress tolerance and mutual support.

According to Iranian culture and the deep influence of the family, the issue of family and parental satisfaction is a case that couples should pay special attention to when choosing and deciding to get married. The results of the present study showed low marital satisfaction, high loneliness, and low mutual support in the women. Also, relatively high distress tolerance has been obtained from the results.Keywords: lived experience, women, marriage without family permission, phenomenological study

Divorce brings many harms. Separation of couples and the breakdown of marriage are accompanied by feelings of failure, distress, sadness, ambiguity and confusion in life, lifestyle changes and, most likely, psychological disorders. Women play a pivotal role in society. When a woman separates from her husband, many psychological and social harms are inflicted on her and their children. In the present study, the attitudes of divorced women toward the separation process, their lives and those of their children, and their future were studied qualitatively and phenomenologically. The study sample consisted of 15 women who had children and were separated from their husbands. The research tool was a semi-structured interview and thematic analysis method was used to analyze the information obtained from the research. After coding and analyzing the information obtained from the interviews with the participants of the four main themes, 12 sub-themes along with 97 concepts of information analysis were obtained. The results showed that problems before and during marriage are the most important factors in the separation and financial problems and the issue of meeting the father are among the other problems after the mother separates from the wife. Other information obtained from the present study is that using the advice of counselors to reduce post-divorce injuries is also beneficial for mother and child.

The aim of this study was to investigate the psychological-cultural and social problems of addiction to virtual networks and the Internet on marital relationships of couples in Isfahan. that were selected by purposive sampling. The research tool was a semi-structured interview that was saturated during the work with 14 participants (seven pairs). Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and key phrases were coded and analyzed using the Colaizzi method. psychological-cultural and social problems related to virtual networks in two classes of psychological problems (including two categories of behavioral problems and emotional-cognitive problems) and socio-cultural class (including 3 categories of lifestyle change, cultural degeneration and change of religious values) it placed. The results showed that dependence on virtual networks and the Internet causes behavioral problems including the concepts of "aggression, procrastination and impulsivity", emotional-cognitive problems including "depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, lack of empathy and interpersonal sensitivity", the category of change in life style includes "Internet addiction, social isolation, fashionism, job and financial problems", cultural degeneration includes " separation of values and deindividuation cultural " and the category of changing religious values includes"faltering in moral and religious values and deviation from values . Therefore, it is suggested that the proper use of social networks as part of life skills and premarital education be considered by counselors, psychologists and couples therapists..