فصلنامه پژوهش های مهدوی
پیاپی 38 (پاییز 1400)

One of the narrations that has been used as a pretext for the deniers of Mahdaviat is the false hadith " There is no Mahdi except Jesus son of Mary ". This narration, in addition to serious critiques of documents and content, also has the origin of forgery. This concept was first introduced by Mu'awiyah during a conversation with Bani Hashim to justify his rule and that of his family And with the influence of the Umayyad gang on hadith schools, and based on this thinking, a hadith was forged and found its way to narrative sources. The present article seeks to prove the falsity of the narrative and to examine the grounds and motives for its falsification and it seeks to do this with the library collection method and the content analysis method and by examining the origin of forgery, he proved the falsity of this hadith. It was also concluded that enmity with the right path of the province, prevention of liberation uprisings, ignorance and ethnocentrism and destroying the honors of the Bani Hashim people, and rapprochement with Christianity and Rome, are among the grounds and motives. are the forgeries of this hadith.

One of the most remarkable points of Imam Hassan Askari's life is his endeavor and strategies in order to protect his successive Imam and his only son, Imam Mahdi. The complicated circumstance which the Abbasi's Caliph had made and difficulties through the communications between Imam and his Shia's necessitated an appropriate and practical scheme for saving Imam's successor's life. This article wants to explain the ways in which the Imam Hassan did that important duty through expressive and historical approach and by using old sources. The Eleventh Imam utilized a thorough program and strategy to protect his son's life which included the times before birth of his successor until his himself martyrdom and even the times after that. As some of his activities we can mention his attempt to conceal his spouse's pregnancy, hiding the birth of Imam Mahdi, delegating other people to do Aqiqa, attending the Abbasi's court constantly, talking about his successor without uttering his name, forbidding any question about his name and changing the place in which Imam Mahdi lived.

The absence of Imam and impossibility of access to Imam for followers and preparation of Shia society for entering the period of Imam's absence are some of the main causes which necessitates founding some elements by Imams, mostly by Imam Hassan Askari. As much as we approach the time in which the direct connection between Imam and followers gets tougher, the circumstances for preparing Imams gets more difficult. The following  research answers a very important question: what was the role of Imam Hassan Askari in preparing Shia society for the absence period? The conclusion of explanation and historical analysis of narrative sources concerning Imam Hassan's activities and narrations affirms the author's hypothesis that Imam Hassan had a remarkable role in explaining the important matters about Imam Mahdi's Absence and preparing the followers before the arrival of absence period.

Preparing the ground for the absence of Imam Asr (AS) has been one of the key concerns of the Infallibles (AS) due to the termination of the guardianship of the Guardian of the Age (AS) among the ummah of the Prophet Khatam (AS). It is more important to study this issue during the life of Askariaynayn (AS) because they were on the threshold and near the absence of Imam Asr (AS). This issue is one of the important issues that, in addition to recognizing the importance of the activities of Imam Askariayn (AS), doubles the awareness of Shiites about the position and role of scholars, jurists and lawyers and their efforts. Based on the results of the present study, the actions of Imam Askariayn (AS) in preparing the ground for the absence of Imam Asr (AS) and their scientific and cultural activities due to the atmosphere of fear and suffocation can be used in appointing lawyers and training jurists and introducing them to the Shiite community. Political, giving the infiltrators a mission in the court of the rulers and informing them of the dangers and saving the lives of the Imam and the Shiites, repelling the false claimants and the way of economic management of the Shiites. And the most obvious activity of Imam Askariayn (AS) to establish the absence of Imam Asr (AS) in the minds of Shiites was; Not meeting with the Shiites in person, even behind the scenes, and solving the people's problems in absentia, so that the Shiites had agreed to contact the representatives to communicate with the Imam.

The common denominator of all Mahdavi narrations is the promise and good news of the advent of Hazrat Mahdi (pbuh) to general and special audiences and mentioning some of its details. This article uses the library, descriptive and analytical methods of the data and by referring to the hadith, rijali and theological sources of the Imams and Sunnis and away from prejudice and with observance of scientific fairness, seeks to address the concerns of Hazrat Zahra at the same time and after the death of the Prophet. To analyze and analyze its connection with the Mahdavi gospels of the Prophet. Examining the contents of these narrations can open a new window for us to the reasons for the concerns of Hazrat Zahra (PBUH). At a glance, it can be said that all the concerns of Hazrat Zahra are the destruction of the precious assets and heritage of Islam and as a result the misguidance of the people after the Prophet, and these gospels, which are good news and consolation for her, have two meanings. And the Imamate of the people will be saved from misguidance, and secondly, with the advent of Hazrat Mahdi (AS), the Imamate will return to its original position.

The famous English historian "Arnold Toynbee" (1889-1973 AD) has spent many years of his life studying the history and various human civilizations. He mentions these two long-time rivals. His view of the savior has been done with the glasses of progress and technology of Western civilization and he has considered Mehdi Sudani as the embodiment of the savior of the sword. Examining the personality of Mehdi Sudani and his performance, he believes that the savior in Islamic civilization has characteristics that are different from the savior of Western civilization in many ways. However, Twain B.'s view of Islamic civilization is very hopeful, and therefore his civilized view can be used to reconcile religions and strengthen the belief in a savior. In this article, we will try to explain Twain Bey's view on the characteristics of a savior in Islamic civilization and critique it. Getting a sword, using old tools, spiritual power and spiritual strength, and theorizing in the new age are some of the characteristics that Twain Bey has listed as a savior in Islamic civilization. Analysis and study of Twain Bey's works will reveal his special view of the savior of the sword and will reveal the secret of his different views on Islam."Twin Bey" has only looked at the savior of the sword from the perspective of "Mahdi Sudani". While this has other angles, some of which we mention in this study. However, Twain Bey's views on the savior and the future of the world have much in common with the doctrine of Mahdaviat and its ideals, and for this reason, can provide the ground for the flourishing of research in related Mahdist teachings.