International Journal of Hospital Research
Volume:11 Issue: 1, Winter 2022

Business model is an effective factor on organizational productivity. The present study was conducted to investigate the current state of productivity and business model of hospitals in the Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS).

This cross sectional study was conducted in the hospitals affiliated to IUMS, in 2017-2018. In the present study, 102 managers from 15 hospitals were included and completed a 47-item questionnaire, which evaluated the product presentation and innovation, infrastructures and customers’ relationship. The data for productivity consisted of the bed occupancy ratio, bed turnover interval and the length of stay; they were obtained from the deputy of treatment of IUMS. Data were analyzed by SPSS software, using Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis Tests.

Mean ± standard deviation of bed occupancy ratio was 79.46 ±11.9% (moderate level), bed turnover interval was 6.28 ±1.61 days (poor level) and also the length of stay was 4.17 ±1.53 days (moderate level). The scores of total questionnaire and its subsets were 121.8±29.45 (P=0.45), 58.46±15.96 (P=0.01), 25.53 ±6.77 (P=0.011) and 37.8 ±9.32 (P= 0.018), respectively. There were no significant differences between the educational and non-educational hospitals or general and specialized hospitals, regarding to the productivity indicators and the business model subsets (P>0.05).

The productivity in the cited hospitals were at moderate to poor level; the business model was not at an ideal position. Changes in business model or its proper implementation and applying strategies to improve productivity, should be considered in these hospitals.

The five foundational elements critical to delivering quality health care services are health care workers; health care facilities; medicines, devices and other technologies; information systems; and financing. To ensure that staff health, vaccination is an important procedure in hospitals. So in this paper, hepatitis B virus infection is considered as a serious public health problem worldwide. The prevalence of hepatitis B, caused by HBV infection, in Iran is 1.6% to 6.5%. Among the groups in which the risk of infection is high are those who work in hospitals as physicians as well as dialysis patients. One of the ways to prevent hepatitis B is HBV vaccination that is performed at 3 times (0, 1, and 6 months). In order to evaluate the efficacy of vaccination, determination of Hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) titration was conducted in staffs working at the Valiasr Hospital of Ghaemshahr city, Iran.

In this study, vaccination program in hospital in priority for the health workers was developed, for this purpose, 210 individuals were recruited from staff of the Valiasr Hospital of Ghaemshahr city, Iran and HBsAb level was checked. Individuals identified as Non-immunized first received HBV vaccine, and were checked for HBsAb level one month later. If they were still non-immunized, the second- and third-time vaccination were conducted. Afterwards, one month after the third-time vaccination, HBsAb level was measured. If this time it was negative, the individual was considered Non-responder. The association of immunization based on the HBsAg levels was evaluated with baseline characteristic of the individuals.

The optimal vaccine program for the efficient health care and patient outcome was proposed. Among the subjects, 20 cases were non-immunized (less than 10 IU/ml). The investigations indicated that 166 individuals (79.8%), 36 cases (17.3%), and 6 subjects (2.9%) were immunized, less-immunized, and non-immunized. There was no association between BMI, smoking, work experience, HBV vaccination numbers, duration since last vaccination, and gender.

To date, the immunization strategy has been implemented with considerable success. The immunization towards HBS vaccination is not dependent on the individual’s status. Moreover, the hospital personnel should be screened for immunization for enhancing the staff health

Blood as a vital element of the health system has an important role in this system, because any blood deficient results in death. Blood supply chain management aims to bridge the gap between blood donors and consumers. This results in no blood deficient, and minimization of, the corruption of blood products and lower costs. Humanitarian supply chain includes planning, managing activities related to materials, information, and finances when providing relief to affected people

The purpose of this study is to optimize the sustainable humanitarian supply chain of blood products in Tehran. In this study, a five-echelon blood supply chain network is presented that includes donors, mobile, fixed and regional blood collection centers, and hospitals. This study proposed a multi objective mixed integer linear programming optimization model considering economic, environment and social objectives. Due to the uncertain and random nature of blood supply and demand and cost parameters, the model develops into a robust optimization model. The ε-constraint method is used to transform the multi-objective problem into a single-objective mode. The model is coded in GAMS and solved by CPLEX solver.

The model outputs include allocate blood donor to mobile and fixed blood collection centers, allocate fixed and mobile blood centers to regional blood centers, and allocate regional blood centers to hospitals. The application of the proposed model is investigated in a case problem in Tehran where real data is utilized to design a network for emergency supply of blood during potential disasters. The results indicate robust model is more efficient in controlling demand, supply and costs uncertainties. At ω = 100 the supply chain cost reaches to $51746 and unmet blood demand is zero under any earthquake scenario and, the supply chain is robust in all scenarios.

The proposed robust optimization model is useful for managers, as well as researchers, who have studied location–allocation of facilities in the blood supply chain network in post-disaster periods. To provide some managerial perspectives for the aforementioned problem, a sensitivity analysis has been performed. Important practical implications were drawn from the case study results. We showed how solution robustness (supply chain cost) can be balanced against model robustness (unmet demand). As the value of risk aversion weight, increases, the total cost indicating solution robustness increases, while the blood unmet demand indicating model robustness decreases. Finally results analysis, concluding remarks and directions for further research are presented.

Organizational health effectiveness, as the most important goal of any organization, is a goal that all organizational efforts are aimed at achieving. Meanwhile, humor is a factor in supporting and predicting the variables of mental health and psychological well-being, so the purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between the components of humor leadership based on value criteria and employees health effectiveness.

The research method is of descriptive-correlational in terms of the survey. The statistical population includes two groups: 1) experts familiar with the leadership theories the number of which is uncertain and 15 were selected. In the section of codification and model design, their opinions were used through Delphi Technique. 2) all the employees of the medical science departments of Kerman City is 29697. Based on the Cochran’s Formula, 380 were selected using a stratified random sampling method. Data were collected using the humor leadership questionnaire based on the value criteria and employees health effectiveness and their validity was 0.94.9 and 0.93.8 and reliability was 0.99.1 and 0.94.6. Data Analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling through LISREL software.

The strength of the relationship between the humor variables (affiliative, self-enhancing, aggressive, self-defeating, or mild aggressive) and the health effectiveness is calculated as 0.43, 0.57, 0.63, 0.51, and 0.40, indicating the strong and desirable correlation. T-statistics was also higher than 1.96, indicating a significant correlation.

Humor leadership is based on value criteria as a powerful tool in developing employee health effectiveness, and managers need to make the most of this constructive tool to succeed and teach it to other employees.

nowadays, the social responsibilities of the managers in the work have drawn the attention of the researchers and experts in the management field. Thus, the present study aims to identify and determine the status of the indicators of related factors of managers' moral competency in the healthcare gas industries.

the present study is a developmental and applied research in terms of its objectives; it is descriptive research in terms of the study’s nature, and it is a survey study in terms of the method. The study population included 1) the first group has consisted of the experts familiar with the managers’ qualifications in terms of moral competency, and 15 individuals were selected from amongst the academic professors and experts featuring the required scales; 2) the second group was comprised of the senior and middle managers working in the healthcare gas industry of Iran’s national gas company (582 individuals), and 232 individuals were selected from amongst them using Cochran formula based on the random cluster sampling method in proportion to the cluster’s volume. Then the main problems of management were specified and discussed the ways to solve those using multi-criteria methods.

By using the Delphi technique, a questionnaire was designed for the factors related to the moral competency qualifications of the managers in the healthcare gas industry, and it was composed of 84 questions covering eight indicators. The questionnaire’s content validity was 92.7%, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was calculated above 0.7 for the variables. In order to analyze the data, univariate t-test in SPSS was used. The results indicated that the mean statuses of the indicators of related factors of managers' moral competency qualifications were in a significant level (0.05), and this was reflective of the idea that these variables were in a favorable situation in the company. However the values have been found not so much high that it can be accordingly stated that the managers’ moral competency qualifications were being well evaluated and enhanced in this organization.

It can be concluded that moral competence and holding all circumstances of the managers and agents of that society has a fundamental role in the well-being of a society. Thus, selecting the best managers and staff justifies lots of inspection and investigation, and standards should be taken into consideration for evaluating individuals and their selection.

COVID-19 originated from China and quickly spread to several other countries. The objective of this study was to investigate in-hospital mental problems associated with the COVID-19.

This was a narrative review through the literature of the COVID-19.

The spread of COVID-19 raises significant problems for healthcare services especially hospitals that are at the frontline of each epidemic peak of the disease. Whenever number of COVID-19 infected patients increases, the hospitals are in the first place in charge of the fighting against disease. So, patients, their families, people working in the hospitals, are all under the mental pressures of the COVID-19. the worldwide perception of lack of transparency of the official information sources in different countries was causing the worldwide people to suffer an unprecedented outbreak of fear, panic, and anxiety toward COVID-19. The consequence of this issue is mental disorders for all people, COVID-19 hospitalized and quarantined patients. In this review, we evaluated the mental disorders in patients with acute COVID-19 who are hospitalized.

Our findings show that sleep disturbances due to increased levels of anxiety may be a predisposing factor for further mental condition in COVID-19 patients who are hospitalized. On the other hand, major mental problems like schizophrenia were not frequent; but, delirium in the elderly was common and a very poor prognostic factor in COVID-19 mortality.

The utilization of hospital beds were changed during coronavirus pandemic. A number of beds were blocked and non-Covid-19 patients have to be rejected. It led to revenue foregone and opportunity costs for hospitals as well. Assessing the opportunity cost of admitting Covid-19 patients in the first-wave peak from the hospital perspective to help policymakers for decision making or managing the budget impact was the aim of the present study.

It was a cross-sectional study. The net benefit of admitting non- Covid-19 patients in comparison with Covid-19 patients was considered as opportunity costs of hospitals decision in the first-wave peak of the Covid-19 crisis (March to July 2020). So, a financial analysis was performed. A number of three Iranian hospitals based on convenience sampling were included.

Admitting Covid-19 patients had US$ 57 benefits for selected hospitals while non-Covid-19 patients had US$ 69 loss for them, on average. Overall, the benefit of Covid-19 cases was higher than non-Covid-19 in the profitable hospitals, and the Covid-19 patients' losses were less than those of non-Covid-19 patients in loss-making hospitals.

Admitting the Covid-19 patients did not have the opportunity costs for hospitals. Responding to the stochastic demand is recommended to hospitals in crisis.

 The nutrition department plays an important role in satisfying patients by providing quality services. Providing appropriate nutritional services based on standard principles can improve hospital performance. The HACCP standard is one of the criteria for assessing the quality of hospital nutrition services.

This cross-sectional study was conducted among 5 selected hospitals in Tehran city in 2020-2021. Data collection was done using a questionnaire including 156 questions in five through interviews and observations. A validated questionnaire with 5 main dimensions includes 156 questions used to measure the Compliance of nutrition management standards. Also, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney test in SPSS software version 16 was used to analyze data.

The score of compliance with HACCP standards in hospitals was moderate with a score of 2.68±1.75. On average, only 67% of the standards were compliance in hospitals. The “facilities and observance of health standards” with a score of 2.7±1.03 and the dimension of “employees” with a score of 2.2±1.28 had the highest and lowest standards, respectively. Also, there was a significant difference in compliance with the standards between hospitals (p<0.05).

Due to the unfavorable situation of compliance with standards in the nutrition department of hospitals, efforts to improve the structural status of nutrition units, especially monitoring staff performance can ultimately increase patient satisfaction.