نشریه مرور سیستماتیک در علوم پزشکی
سال دوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 2، بهار 1401)

Negligence is the most common concept in dealing with medical errors. Regarding ambiguity and lack of information on the concept, this study was conducted to analyze the concept of negligence in nursing.

In this study, Walker &Avant approach was used to analyze the concept. After searching the databases, the relevant documents entered in the study. To collect data, Persian databases, including Magiran, Med Lib, SID, and international databases, including PubMed, ISI, Scopus, and Google Scholar, were searched. The keywords searched included negligence, nursing, malpractice, and concept in both Persian and English. Entry criteria included publishing in Persian or English between 2000 and 2017 and providing information on the concept of negligence. Finally, 44 documents that had the criteria to enter the study were analyzed based on all the analytical steps mentioned in Walker &Avant approach.

The results showed that the defining attributes of the concept of negligence in nursing included: 1- Duty of care 2- Breach of the legal duty of care 3- Unintentional conduct 4- Damage 5- Causation. For clarification, simultaneously with these stages, cases such as model, borderline, and contrary cases were offered.

In this study, the concept analysis of negligence in nursing was performed, and the results would be to provide a comprehensive and reliable image regarding the use of negligence in nursing. It is recommended that nursing managers and planners and instructors at nursing schools, by providing practical training to inform nurses and nursing students with legal concepts for immunity from legal consequences.

Diseases of heart failure are considered as one of the main challenges of health care systems. One of the main components of care models in heart failure is patient involvement. In this regard, the adaptation model (RAM) is one of the most popular and most widely used nursing patterns that specifically address compatibility issues. The purpose of this article is to review the adaptability of heart failure patients based on the Roy adaptation model.

This research is a systematic review study by searching Persian articles using Roy Model Keywords, Roy Adaptation Model and Heart Failure in Iranian Margine, SID Resource Databases and Roy Adaptation Model Keywords, Roy Model, Heart Disease was performed on Ovid and Web of Sciences database, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar, ProQuest, PubMed for publication of useful articles from 2000 to 2019.

In this study, out of 50 articles, 6 Persian and one English study were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. All of the reviewed findings had an impact on the pattern of adaptation of Roy to heart failure but had different designs had studied and in only one study examined dietary adherence based on the Roy adaptation model.

The Roy Adaptation Model focuses on promoting adaptation and contributes significantly to the health and quality of life of patients. Further studies indicate improved nursing activities, concentration, organization, and guidance of nurses' thoughts and practices in caring for cardiovascular patients, and increased adaptive responses in all four dimensions of the Roy adaptation model, namely physiological, self-perception, role-playing, And dependency/independence has been a consequence of nursing interventions. However, due to the limitations that most studies have encountered, the need for further studies with more detailed designs remains to be seen. Also, since most studies in heart failure patients, it is recommended to study the effect of this method on other chronic diseases..

Increasing the prevalence of epidemics and epidemiology, as well as the emergence of health threats, can be controlled at preventive levels by using nurses' abilities to promote the health of individuals, families, groups, and populations in the social realm it seems necessary.

A literary search between 2010- 2019 was carried out, and four international databases PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, and two Iranian databases SID and MagIran were examined. More than 80 articles were reviewed on the topic, of which 15 were selected.

Surveys showed that the significant challenges related to the position of nurses in promoting community health include factors related to the structure and policies of the health system, how to allocate funds, the structure of nursing education, and the lack of transparency in the concept of community health nurse role.

The results of the present study showed that although nurses' challenges in promoting community health are widespread and overwhelming, these barriers and problems can be related to the challenges extracted from this study. Therefore, addressing these challenges can undermine the provision of nursing care in the social field by re-examining the structure of the health system from a pure treatment approach to providing preventive
care and changing the process of employing nurses, reviewing their learning needs in terms of people's health needs and trying to improve the position of community health nurse status, can address many of these challenges in the way of promoting people's health.

Disease and complications can cause poor quality of life. Self-care provides desirable outcomes in providing, maintaining, and promoting the health of individuals. The Orem model is one of the models that participate in patient care and emphasizes self-care.

This systematic review was conducted by searching Persian articles with the keywords Orem, Self Care, Model/ Theory/ Framework Self Care and Quality of Life invalid Persian databases Google Scholar, SID, IranDoc, IranMedex, and Magiran, and search English articles with the keywords Orem, Self-care, Quality of life and Model/ Theory/ Framework Self-care invalid English databases Elsevier, Web of Sciences, PubMed, Cinahl, ProQuest, Google Scholar, Scopus, It was done in 2013 to 2018.

Initial search of 2206 articles found that after eliminating duplicates and including entry/ exit criteria, finally, 14 articles were aligned with the objectives of this study. Of the articles reviewed, 5 were published in English and 9 in Farsi. Regarding the research environment, 3 articles were conducted in Tehran, 3 in Isfahan, 2 in each of Shiraz, Hamedan, Orumieh, and 1 in Sabzevar and Ahvaz. All articles were original and interventional research
studies. In 10 articles, using the Orem self-care model, quality of life increased significantly in all physical, emotional, and social dimensions, which was statistically significant, as in the other four articles, only in two dimensions of quality of life, including physical dimension. Moreover, a significant psychological increase has been observed.

Considering the positive effect of using the Orem self-care model to improve the quality of life of patients, it is recommended that health care providers improve the quality of life of patients by implementing Orem self-care Model.

In the new age, there is a need to have committed and professional nurses for reasons such as advancing technology, increasing public awareness, and public demand for quality care.

Examining and Identifying affecting factors on the formation of nurses' professional identities.

The paper was a systemic review study that was conducted in the year 2020 by searching English databases Scopus, Pubmed, Web of Science, Proquest, EMBASE, Google Scholar from 1980 to 2019 and Persian databases, Iran Medex, Magiran and SID 1991 to 2019 using the keywords of professional identity, professionalism, identity in nursing, and its English equivalents.

Of the 27298 preliminary papers, 17 papers entered in the final analysis. The result of the finalized studies showed that the most critical factors about the formation of professional nursing identity were: Poor team, Participatory and communicative activities, the role of professors and clinical instructors, educational approach, individual characteristic (age, gender, self-confidence, job satisfaction, etc.), ambiguity in the role and role of culture and media.

in order to educate nursing students, professors and educators with a positive professional identity must be used to promote and shape students identities; moreover, in order to clarify and remove the ambiguity of the role of the profession, it is necessary to properly introduce the nursing in the community people and try to change the culture of the society towards the identity of the nursing profession.

Presenting the Doctor of Nursing Practice course is one of the most critical challenges in Iran's nursing education system. Introducing successful models in the doctoral course in clinical nursing can provide a platform for designing and developing nursing education programs based on society's needs. This review study aimed to introduce successful educational models in the clinical nursing doctorate program by focusing on family health.

A descriptive-comparative review study was conducted in 2020. After searching the internet in prestigious universities in the world, with the keywords of Ph.D. in Nursing, Family Health, two universities of Pennsylvania and Maryland in the United States were selected due to global superiority and relative similarity of the field. The analytical and comparative description of two educational programs using the Beredy model was performed in four stages of description, interpretation, proximity, and comparison.

In both universities, the Doctor of Nursing Practice program has a strategic planning structure, including vision, mission, goals, and operational plans. Curriculum-based on basic nursing knowledge and physiology, pharmacology, evidence-based performance, solving health challengesand improving the quality of family/community health, paying attention to cultural differences, the impact of politics and economics on professional nursing development, program development and advanced interventions for the health of families (mostly children, and the elderly, identification of high-risk families especially who exposed to social harm. Both universities emphasize graduates' empowerment as future leaders in clinical, educational, research, and managerial performance.

Doctor of Nursing Practice course at the Universities of Maryland and Pennsylvania has been advantageous with a robust, comprehensive, and efficient curriculum based on solving the health challenges of families, especially vulnerable families. It helps to improve community health as well as develop professional nursing roles and specializing in nursing. Unfortunately, in Iran, the operation of the Doctor of Nursing Practice course has failed. Modeling successful programs in line with the appropriate context can be a significant step towards implementing the Doctor of Nursing Practice course in Iran.

With the increase in the prevalence of gender dysphoria, and the increase in people'sdesire to sex reassignment strategies, the increasing  effects of these therapies on quality of life are mainly observed. Understanding these effects enable the treatment community to empowers, transgender people to improve their quality of life.

This study is a narrative review study that searches using these keywords: Quality of life (QOL) -Gender reassignment surgery (GRS)- Sex reassignment surgery (SRS) - Male to female (MTF) In databases: Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Magiran, SID Done without time limit.

In this study, based on the mentioned keywords, 50 articles were obtained. After implementing inclusion and exclusion criteria, 13 articles remained. Based on the findings, some studies indicate that in long-term studies after surgery, the quality of life of transgender people is the same as ordinary people, and in some areas, the quality of life is lower than ordinary people.

Findings of the studies in this study, based on the surgical technique used, the time of examination of transgender people after surgery and the control group is variable. In general, the results indicate an increase in the quality of life of transgender people in the areas of interpersonal and social relationships and a decrease in the physical area despite patients' satisfaction with surgery. The results of changes in the field of psychology are variable and need further investigation in this area.

In the new age, there is a growing need for nurses with specialized roles for technological advancement, aging, and the development of chronic diseases to receive quality care and reduce treatment costs.

For this purpose, English language databases Web of Sciences, Science direct Proquest, Pubmed, Scopus from 1980 to 2019 and Persian databases, Iran Medex, SID, and Magiran from 1991 to 1397 using the keywords of the specialist nurse, The role of the specialist nurse in the intensive care unit, and its English equivalents. Of the 1,600 initial studies, 12 articles were finalized.

The study findings identified the role of the specialist nurse in the intensive care unit, and it shows that a specialist nurse has a complex, permanent, diverse, and dynamic nature, and that a specialist nurse plays a vital role in providing patient care, including providing quality care in bed, reducing treatment costs, and preventing nosocomial infections.

The study findings identified the concept of a specialist nurse in the intensive care unit. The results also show that a specialist nurse plays an essential role in providing patient care, including providing quality care in bed, reducing treatment costs, and preventing nosocomial infections. Awareness of the characteristics of the concept of the role of the specialist nurse in the intensive care unit, its precedents, and broad consequences will further lead to the promotion of the position, importance, and application of this concept in the nursing profession and an exploratory tool for further research and development. The body of knowledge in this profession is considered.