نشریه جامعه مهدوی
سال دوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 4، پاییز و زمستان 1400)

The waiting (for Imam Mahdi) is a basic teaching in Imamiyah sect, which can be considered as pragmatism in the occultation era to provide the context for reappearance of the great sun of the guardianship. Given the skepticism and proving the minimum and maximum instances of the concept of the waiting, the superior instance of this concept is "resistance-based pragmatism" and "jihadi action" during the occultation. Hence, faithful and resistance-based governance is considered as the means of transcendental waiting and Imamiyah scholars have found a relationship based on reason and narration between them. In the meantime, the transcendental Hikmah's view about the model of governance in society and the issues related to the movement in Islamic philosophy are reminiscent of a type of governorship that can be called "resistance governorship". On the other hand, the Holy Qur'an enumerates components for this type of governance that based on a combined and blending method and descriptive-analytical data processing, the present paper tries to deal with the Qur'anic components of resistance governance by examining the relationship between resistance governorship and the waiting, the place of the pillars in it and the meaning of resistance governorship as well as its manifestation in the lifestyle of Shahid Soleimani. The findings suggest that the resistance governorship is a means of transcendental waiting and is based on the rules of movement in transcendental Hikmah (wisdom) and includes the five basic components of monotheism, belief in the guardianship of the jurist (a completely qualified jurist), perseverance and patience, religious rationality and prudence and the comprehensive and faithful view to mankind. Shahid Soleimani, as a preeminent human in Imam Khomeini's school, implemented this model of resistance governance at the highest level in the region and formed a network of resistance in the international arena.

Based on the classical division, the subjects of international relations are divided into superior politics and inferior politics. Military-security issues always fall into the category of superior politics, and experts and analysts examine the activities of military officials in this area, and this issue has nothing to do with the arena of inferior politics, which is specifically related to economic, welfare and cultural issues. In the meantime, Commander Soleimani was a rare example who was able to link the two spheres of superior and inferior politics. The current paper, by a descriptive-analytical method and focusing on the behavioral model of Commander Soleimani, deals with the main question: what role did Shahid Soleimani play in the transnational depiction of the Islamic Republic of Iran? The findings indicate that despite his military identity, Soleimani, due to his special attention to the manifestations of soft power and public diplomacy tools, was able to establish the image of the Islamic Republic of Iran through relationship building, image management, accreditation and national branding and providing a humanitarian and non-profit foreign policy model, and significantly enhanced the image of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the target governments and nations. The necessity of raising such an issue is that Sardar Soleimani's successful model in the arena of practice needs to be explained, refined and theorized in order to have a scientific aspect and be able to be presented in academic and elite settings.

Reappearance of Imam Mahdi is one of the most important and widely used components in the culture of Mahdism. In order to organize the reappearance, various issues such as the conditions of reappearance, the occurrence of reappearance, the signs of reappearance and providing the context for reappearance are raised. In the meanwhile, the issue of providing the context for reappearance is recognized as the most important and practical issue and is justified in the form of the duties and mission of the waiters. The realization of providing the context for reappearance depends on the readiness of the people, and the realization of the readiness of the people depends on their readiness in the three areas of "thought and knowledge", "tendency and motivation" and "action and behavior". This paper only deals with the readiness of people in the area of action and behavior. Realization of readiness with an action and behavioral approach depends on the formation of components such as the spirit of reform and reformism, unity and convergence, hope and hopefulness, acceptance and love of Wilayat, appreciation and belief in the Imam, etc. among the waiters and the waiting community. In this study, by asking question about the role of Shahid Soleimani's school in the unity and cohesion of the people in order to provide the context for reappearance, information has been collected in a descriptive and analytical method as well as in the library and documentary method. The findings of this study is proving the place and important role of Commander Soleimani (during his life and martyrdom and his school) in uniting the people in the path of fighting arrogance with the approach of perseverance and resistance in order to achieve the reappearance and the right government.

The School of Shahid Soleimani is a school derived from the comprehensive school of Prophet Mohammad and a modern model of pure Islam based on the school of the Imams (Imam Khomeini and Imam Khamenei) of Iranian Revolution, which promotes the reappearance and favorable society of Mahdavi by processing the characteristics of resistance and resilience to structural cohesion and functional change. Therefore, the waiting (for Imam Mahdi) and resistance are two components of Qur'anic culture. The question of the paper is what is the relationship between the two components of the waiting and resistance in this school, from the perspective of the Holy Qur'an? The current study seeks to answer this question through descriptive-analytical method and data collection with the aim of providing a clear picture of the relationship between the waiting and resistance in Shahid Soleimani's School. The analysis of Qur'anic verses leads us to the important fact that these two components have a two-way relationship. Because the resistance includes elements of insight, inclination and behavior effective on the waiting such as monotheism, believing in Wilayat, seeking martyrdom, anti-arrogance, authority and the establishment of the Islamic government. The waiting is also an effective factor in creating a necessary vision for the existence of God's authority, proving the tendency to seek justice and hope for divine victory, and establishing resistance behavior such as defending the oppressed and reviving the governance of religion. With this viewpoint, we can achieve a new horizon of the human world unity, human's freedom from any kind of slavery, comprehensive rejection of Taghut, pure life and revival of the new Islamic civilization.

The culture of the waiting (for Imam Mahdi) has capacities that, by creating the right beliefs and attitudes, generates values, norms, and behaviors, and by applying them, will open the door for the waiting society. Therefore, the culture of the waiting can have appropriate functions to create change in the waiting society. Using the culture of the waiting, Shahid Soleimani deepened the strategy of resistance, and for this reason, with his unique jihadi attempts, he confronted the aggression and oppression of the arrogant powers and the violence of extremist groups. This study has examined the epistemological and value function of the culture of the waiting in deepening the resistance strategy with emphasis on the School of Shahid Soleimani through a qualitative approach and content analysis method and then, after explaining the key concepts, has enumerated epistemological and value functions of the culture of the waiting to deepen the resistance strategy in the School of Shahid Soleimani. One of the most important findings and innovations of this paper is to explain the functions of the culture of the waiting in order to strengthen and deepen the strategy of resistance in the School of Shahid Soleimani in two areas of beliefs and values. Finally, consequences such as the consolidation of divine knowledge and Wilayt acceptance in the field of beliefs as well as the empowerment of moral values and political values in the field of values have been emphasized by considering their role in deepening and strengthening the strategy of resistance.

The present paper seeks to identify the characteristics of preeminent human beings in the School of Shahid Soleimani and its role in the waiting process. The purpose of study is to identify and explain the characteristics of Shahid Soleimani as a preeminent human being in the context of the discourse of the Islamic Revolution of Iran. The main question is what these characteristics are and how can they be identified and can examples and evidence about each of the characteristics be found in the lifestyle and thought of Shahid Soleimani? To answer these questions, first by analyzing the statements of the Imams (Imam Khomeini and Imam Khamenei) of the Islamic Revolution, the characteristics of a preeminent human being in the discourse of the Islamic Revolution were identified and then by examining the thought and lifestyle of Shahid Soleimani, intellectual and behavioral examples related to each characteristic have been presented. Findings indicate that the characteristics of this preeminent human are numerous and countless, and in the current study, only some of the most important of these characteristics have been dealt with. These characteristics are idealism, spirituality, and sincerity, having inner jihadi attempts and fighting with carnal desires, prudence, courage, combination of prudence and courage, simplicity and purity, indefatigability and relentless effort, avoidance of factionalism and reliance on revolutionaryism, resistance, and patience.