مجله توسعه فضاهای پیراشهری
سال سوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 6، پاییز و زمستان 1400)

The present study was conducted to analyze the impact of digital technology on the development of suburban settlements in Mashhad. The research method in the present study is descriptive-analytical and its type is fundamental in terms of purpose and documentary and field methods have been used to collect information. The statistical population of the present study includes 8 villages around the metropolis of Mashhad, which have a rural ICT office, a population of over 1000 households and are located near the city of Mashhad. According to the number of total households in the sample community (N 20813 households) and with 0.07% error in Cochran's formula, the sample size was calculated as 194 households that were selected from the rural community by systematic random method. Spatial analysis of the main variables was performed using FGRA and MABAC models that the villages of Gorji Sofla, Hosseinabad Gharghi and Dehroud have the highest, and the villages of Kal Zarkesh and Chahar Borj have the lowest level of use of digital technology services (RICT) and rural development. According to the results, the economic dimension, taking into account the direct and indirect effects, with a coefficient of 0.363, has had a greater impact on the development of sample rural settlements than the two social and environmental-physical dimensions. Finally, the rural digital technology variable with a coefficient of 0.786, has had a great impact on the formation of the development of sample rural settlements. In general, according to the value of the coefficient of determination (R2) for the rural development variable (0.990), it was found that the impact of digital technology (RICT) on rural development is strong;

The physical growth and development of the metropolis of Tehran over the past few decades has doubled the need to pay attention to the principles of passive defense in the framework of development planning in the surrounding areas. And this attention to the issue of passive defense on the policy and performance of urban plans, especially the reconstruction of worn-out tissue, It had a profound effect. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to Analysis of the Status of passive defense principles in Urban Regeneration Projects of Metropolitan Peripheral Area (Case study: Qarchak city). This research in terms of applied purpose and in terms of the nature and method of research, It's a survey. The data required for the research have been collected by documentary-field method (questionnaire and observation). The statistical population of the present study includes residents of Qarchak dilapidated neighborhoods (Davudabad, Ferdis, Mohammadabad, Mafiabad and Vali Abad) (84855 people), the sample size was determined using Cochran's formula of 383 people. SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The results of t-test in all the studied items according to the average obtained less than number (3), indicate the unsatisfactory status of the reconstruction projects in order to achieve the principles of passive defense in the city of Qarchak. Also, the results of the field study of the area and the study of the documentary sources of the developed plans show the non-observance of the passive defense categories in the urban regeneration plans that have been carried out in recent years (in the target neighborhoods).

Villages that have a high population and have a council and Dehyar are determined as the statistical population of this study (14 villages). The total population of households in the studied villages is (5913) people. Therefore, based on the Cochran's formula, 360 families were selected as the sample population. The method of data collection in this research is library and field such as questionnaire, observation and interview. Then the necessary information is collected and classified. In the library section, using documents, statistics, information and experiences of other rural areas, to complete the information, refer to the relevant organizations in the region, and finally with field surveys, discussions and questionnaires, and from software ARC GIS, SPSS and Expert Choise software, Maurice Davis model are used. Findings showed that stability in environmental and spatial-physical dimensions was evaluated higher than the utility number 3 and was significant at the alpha level of 0.000. Also, the numerical mean analysis of these items in the study area shows a positive effect on the environmental and spatial-physical dimensions, which are at a higher level than other dimensions. In order to correlate the dimensions of sustainable development in terms of the degree of correlation in the performance of rural management in rural sustainability in general has been used. Non-parametric correlation analysis indicates a direct and significant relationship at the alpha level of 0.01 between economic dimensions with social, environmental and physical-spatial dimensions. There is also a direct relationship between the dimensions of the physical dimension and the social and environmental dimensions. Also, the ranking of stability dimensions showed that the physical-spatial dimension with the weight (0.356) was at the highest level compared to other dimensions and the economic dimension with the weight (0.174) was at the lowest level. Is.

One of the important issues that should be considered in the discussion of passive defense and crisis management is the issue of urban planning for locating uses, especially vulnerable uses in urban areas and surrounding areas. The research method in this research is analytical and based on library, documentary and field studies. GIS software, Expert choice, and fuzzy electrode model were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the location of vulnerable land uses in the current situation is not in good condition, so that in the surrounding areas only 0.16 of the rural settlements (Hemtabad, Daiabad, livestock complex), in priority the second (lands with low vulnerability) and their spatial status is relatively appropriate in the current conditions. Also, only 0.12 of the city of Zahedan is in the first priority and the location of their use in the current conditions has been assessed as appropriate. Lands with low vulnerability with 0.26 in (second priority); And the average vulnerability, which accounted for the largest share, is about 0.33 Vulnerable uses in the worst spatial conditions (fifth priority) are only 0.7 and existing uses are in the fourth priority, which does not show very good conditions in general. Then, in order to compare the surrounding areas (Hemmatabad, Daiabad and livestock Complex), a fuzzy electrode model was used. The results showed that the amount of vulnerable land uses in the surrounding areas is similar.

Urban spaces are one of the most influential factors in guiding the patterns of individual and social behavior of individuals. All human behaviors are formed in certain spaces that are considered the bedrock of behavior. On the other hand, with the growth of urbanization in many parts of Iran, the problems and inadequacies of urban life have increased, including the increase in crime in urban peripheral areas. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to Evaluation of the use of crime prevention components in environmental design and its impact on the sense of security of residents of Urban Peripheral Areas (Case study: Bonjar city). This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and analytical in terms of nature and research method. The data required for the research were collected by documentary-field method (questionnaire and observation). SPSS software and FANP and FARAS models were used to analyze the data. T-test results, according to the mean value obtained in all components, Indicates the lack of environmental design components in crime prevention in the urban peripheral areas of Bonjar. The results of regression and path analysis tests showed that there is a significant and positive relationship between crime prevention components in the design urban peripheral areas of Bonjar and residents 'sense of security and has a direct effect on increasing residents' sense of security in all components. Finally, the results of ranking the components of environmental design in crime prevention and sense of security of residents of the urban peripheral areas of Bonjar using FARAS and FANP models, showed that the component of supporting social activities with the value of k obtained (0.490) Is in the first priority.

The livability mean is the power and ability of a place to meet the living needs of residents including material or immaterial to improve the quality of life and creating an appropriate environment for the prosperity of residents which is hidden in the sense of people's satisfaction from their living environment and it is an introduction to sustainability and improving the quality of life. Today its evaluating has attracted enormous interest in the field of planning and policy of rural settlements. The purpose of this study is determine the level of rural settlements based on the indices of livability in the villages around the metropolis of Rasht. Livability levels are determined based on relevant indices. The type of research is practical and the used method is descriptive-analytic and the Copras technique is used for analyzing data and information. The findings show that the continuity and belonging to the place index has the highest and tourism index has the least impact on the livability of the studied villages. The results of the Copras technique shows that Alman and Pirkalachah villages have the best condition and Varazgah and Koleshtaleshan villages have the worst condition in the livability. Based on the percentage of the importance of the studied villages, those are located at five levels of livability including very desirable livability, desirable livability, moderate livability, undesirable livability and very undesirable livability. Results in research can be the reason for future plans and with knowing the priority of villages, proposed programs are more practical and in order to increase the welfare of residents.

Today, livability plays an essential role in the quality of life of dysfunctional urban settlements. Deprivation and lack of urban facilities have caused these areas to face a decrease in livability.The city of Rasht, as one of the most important centers for immigrants, is one of the metropolises that is facing the phenomenon of informal settlement in the suburbs. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to monitor the viability of Ainak neighborhood of Rasht metropolis. In this research, descriptive-analytical method is used. The data collection method of this research has been done through field and library studies. In the field method, the criterion was data collection through a questionnaire. The statistical population includes the heads of households living in Ainak neighborhood of Rasht. The sample size was obtained using the Morgan table of 360 people. The variables used in this study were evaluated in four main indicators: physical-spatial, social, economic and environmental and in the form of 16 items. Sampling method was randomized and the information obtained from the questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS software and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that between different dimensions of livability in the neighborhood There is a significant difference between glasses. The results of regression analysis also showed that the highest correlation of bioavailability of Aynak neighborhood with physical-spatial index (R² = 0.748). Physical-spatial (B = 0.649) have environmental indicators (B = 0.573), economic index (B = 0.423) and social index (B = 0.352) in Aynak neighborhood

Housing typology is one of the best ways to be aware of the lifestyle, way of life, environment and thinking mixed with human taste and art at different times. The indigenous architecture of the villages of Hormozgan province has contributed less to this issue. In this regard, the villages of peripheral Bandar Abbas as a population, political and social center of the province is doubly important. Accordingly, in this research, the subject of typology of native houses of peripheral villages of Bandar Abbas will be studied based on two formal and functional systems. The research is qualitative; Field survey method was used in data collection and descriptive-analytical method was used in data analysis. In the first step, all the villages in this area were identified and classified into four geographical areas, including the villages of North, East, West and the city center; Then, among these villages that had a valuable texture and were located within a radius of 15 km of peripheral Bandar Abbas, 14 villages were selected and 4 local housing units were removed from each village. The results showed that there were differences in the villages of the western regions with the villages of other places in terms of spatial relationships and functional diversity; In a way that in the villages of the western regions, due to the greater financial means of the inhabitants, the variety of spaces is more and the spatial relations are more hierarchical; Also, in the eastern parts of the city, where people have a history of nomadic life, the housing pattern is very similar to the structure of the caper, which is one of the most important manifestations of this issue, the lack of a yard or counter at the entrance to the house.

The dispersion of geographical phenomena and economic activities throughout rural areas under certain conditions makes it possible to form patterns. On the other hand, according to social scientists in spatial research, evaluating the local environment is as important in the success of an entrepreneurial company as economic and industrial evaluation. Therefore, the present article was designed with the aim of developing a spatial development model of rural rural entrepreneurship entrepreneurship residential network in Mahidasht district of Kermanshah city.The research method was applied and descriptive-analytical. Its statistical population consisted of a total of 7 entrepreneurial villages (30 entrepreneurial companies) in rural Pirashahr. On this basis, first, using SPSS20 software, the studied villages were leveled in terms of intensity and degree of entrepreneurship, and then, with the help of GIS software, the entrepreneurial residential network model was drawn. Findings showed that the rate of entrepreneurial activities in the study area was high from social and economic aspects; And rural suburban areas of this sector have the ability to develop space and accept new commercial companies and upgrade to a higher settlement hierarchy.Thus, according to the correlation results, the variables of social capital, environmental capital, growth of new companies, entrepreneurial capital in different production sectors, employment growth and entrepreneurial capital, respectively, positively correlate with the spatial development of the network of entrepreneurial settlements. And it has meaning and strong correlation. The situation of spatial development of rural suburban entrepreneurship in 60% of rural areas has a relatively favorable situation (degree of spatial development of entrepreneurship, 3.85) and has led to the level of growth of entrepreneurial economic activities in the region. The two villages of Simineh Olya and Dokushkan Hosseinkhani also had a high degree of entrepreneurial spatial development and played a key role in the development of suburban spaces in this section.

Today, one of the issues that has attracted the attention of planners is the study of the role of indigenous knowledge in the development and livability of areas. Indigenous knowledge is a part of the national capital of each nation, which includes their local beliefs, values, practices, and ecology Indigenous knowledge is the result of centuries of trial and error in the natural, economic and social environment. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to Analysis of the position of indigenous knowledge in the development of Urban Peripheral areas with emphasis on economic and social livability (Case study: villages in Tehran's 19th region). The present research in terms of descriptive-analytical research method and by nature, research is quantitative and in terms of purpose, it is applied-developmental. Data collection tools to examine the position of rural areas in region 19 in terms of the application of indigenous knowledge in the direction of livability in the form of economic and social criteria, 24 sub-criteria. The descriptive and inferential sections (results related to data analysis) use Gray Relationship Analysis (GRA) techniques and SPSS software. The results of Spearman test showed that there is a significant and positive relationship between indigenous knowledge in the villages of Tehran's 19th region and economic and social livability with the value of Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.751. Also, the results of T-test showed that the economic component was the most affected by indigenous knowledge in terms of livability in rural areas of region 19. The results of Gray Relationship Analysis (GRA) showed that Morteza gard village, with a gray score (0.633), is in the first place in terms of the application of indigenous knowledge in order to improve livability among the studied villages.

Population growth, rapid urbanization and urban creep are the main factors in the production of suburban spaces. Urban management as a local institution has a key role in controlling and directing the process of physical-spatial expansion of cities. The current model of urban management in Iran has led to the emergence of spatial-physical instabilities and encroachment on suburban spaces, especially agricultural land in most cities, including Yasuj. The present study was conducted with the aim of structural modeling of the basic components of urban management effective in guiding and controlling the process of spatial-physical development of suburban areas of Yasuj. The research method is based on a descriptive-analytical approach that is completed by field survey to complete the questionnaires.The statistical population of the study is managers, specialists and experts of government and public institutions of Yasuj city, which was selected by cluster sampling method and purposefully using Morgan sample size determination table to 148 people.The collected data were analyzed using structural equation method and Smart P.L.S software.The results showed that the basic components of urban management (urban policy and decision making, planning and organization, executive affairs and urban services) at the rate of 0.433, / 372 and 0.487 explain the changes in control and direction of spatial-physical development process of the study area. Also, the effect of basic components of urban management according to t (12.935), (4.888), (14.851) statistics was significant at the level of 99%, which indicates the positive and significant effect of these components on controlling and guiding the process of spatial-physical development. In total, these three components of urban management predict 0.874% of the variable of directing and controlling the spatial development of metropolitan areas of Yasuj.

Today, one of the problems faced by contemporary cities is the existence of lost and abandoned spaces in urban areas, which has often caused instability in various dimensions and has faced urban neighborhoods with serious challenges. Considering the necessity of reviving this type of spaces and turning them into a space appropriate to the needs of today's society, the present study aims to improve the environmental quality in neighborhoods, to find effective quality criteria in reviving lost spaces. The research method is descriptive-analytical and its statistical population consists of residents over 20 years of age in the Bisim neighborhood of Zanjan. After identifying the factors affecting the environmental quality of the neighborhood five physical, social, functional, perceptual and managerial factors were selected as the main factors of the research. In the next stage, the status of these factors in the Bisim neighborhood was assessed and the residents' satisfaction with the environmental quality of the neighborhood was measured. Finally, the effective components in improving the quality of lost spaces were prioritized from the residents' point of view. Factor analysis and linear regression tests were used to extract the main factors of this research and one-sample t-test was used to perform its evaluations. Findings show that considering the residents' dissatisfaction with the quality of the neighborhood and the number of lost spaces in this neighborhood Components of "space organization and permeability" and "control and supervision", "management and maintenance" as well as "providing visual and environmental comfort" it is one of the components that are in the first ranks of residents' preferences in order to improve the quality of the Bisim neighborhood. Among social and functional factors, the components of "social interactions", "compatibility and homogeneity" and "accessibility" have been prioritized over other components, respectively.