فصلنامه فرهنگ رضوی
سال دهم شماره 37 (بهار 1401)

This research is an attempt to reflect phenomenologically on the experiences of tourists who have entered the Razavi shrine with the intention of pilgrimage (religious tourists) or visiting (cultural tourists). Examining the narrations of these tourists since their presence in this holy place, provides immediate feedback to those in charge of the affairs of the shrine. In this study, the opinions of domestic and foreign tourists have been collected that in the past decade, the experience of their presence in the Razavi shrine have been shared in non-Persian languages (English, German, Spanish, Russian, Chinese, Japanese, Arabic and Istanbul Turkish) on reputable websites. The results of this study clearly show that the experience of attending the Razavi shrine is both an aesthetic experience (mental dimension) and an experience of the type of needs of visiting cultural sites (objective dimension); because in addition to narrating the beauty and glory of the Razavi shrine, tourists have mentioned their needs such as access to the main courtyard and the presence of a guide. According to the research results, using new technologies, holding tours and planning for the presence of non-Muslim tourists in the main courtyard is recommended in accordance with all etiquette.

Answering suspicions requires knowing and applying skills, some of which are called scientific competencies. This article is organized in a descriptive analytical way and seeks to find scientific methods to answer the suspicions in Razavi's biography. By paying attention to the biography of the eighth Imam of the Shiites, it can be seen that these abilities are methodically divided into two categories: intellectual and narrative. According to the findings of this article, some of the methods that Imam Riḍā (as) used to respond to suspicions are:Citing the Holy Qur’an and the Prophetic Sunnah, attention to the origins and causes of suspicion, benefit from the arguments of rationality, argument of success and patience and division, methodological development, canceling the false requirements of suspicion, citing ideas accepted by the audience, sensitization of the rational, correct explanation of skeptical concepts and ideas and taking advantage of the correct history.

This study aimed to identify the status of articles published in the Quarterly Journal of Razavi Culture. The research approach is quantitative and the research method is content analysis. The required information was received from the Journal website. Bibliographic information of the article along with organizational affiliation and academic rank and field of study of researchers as well as abstracts and keywords of articles in the Excel file were fully entered. Then, after three stages of cleaning, these data were entered into graph production software and as a result, scientific graphs and maps as well as diagrams were received from the software and then described and analyzed. The results showed that 291 authors contributed to the journal. Of these, only 1% of authors have 5 articles published in 32 issues of the journal. Also, five universities, including Imam Ṣādiq (as) University, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Allameh Tabatabai University, Razavi University of Islamic Sciences and al-Zahrá (as) University constitute more than 60% of the organizational affiliation of researchers. Among academics, faculty members with the rank of assistant professor have the most collaboration with the journal. Findings indicate that less than 25% of women cooperate in publishing articles, and researchers in the field of Qur’anic and Ḥadīth sciences alone have obtained the first rank with 103 articles.

During the time of Imam Riḍā (as), due to the cultural and political developments of the society, various discourses emerged, each of which defended its ideology. In the meantime, debates took place between Imam Riḍā (as) and the elders of the religions. In the battlefield of right and wrong, the Imam tries to prove the legitimacy of Islam with rational and narrative arguments. This article, in a descriptive-analytical method and with the aim of explaining the Imam's strategies in the intellectual development of society, analyzes his debate and the process of meaning formation in it, and in this direction, uses the semantic sign approach; the approach that, in a dynamic and directional process, seeks to penetrate deep into the meanings embedded in the discourse and explains its functions. Also, the sign of semantics as a scientific tool provides methodical analysis of texts. This article seeks to answer the question of how meaning can go beyond induction to production and create a particular discourse system. Findings show that induction strategies of reasoning and persuasion are among the interactive strategies used in debates. During these persuasive processes, the Imam produces words based on the power that emanates from him. As a result of this production, the range of speech increases and the opposite actor acquires knowledge. It is after reaching this knowledge that the actors (Jāthalīq, Raʾs al-Jālūt, Hirbod Akbar and ‘Imrān Ṣābī) surrender and the legitimacy of Islam is proved.

Stylistics seeks to discover the literary, aesthetic, and emotional aspects beyond the text by studying the structure of the text and analyzing its elements. One of the most important topics in stylistics is the phonetic or musical stylistics of a literary work that examines the use of phonetic units (sound and melody) in a linguistic situation as well as the expressive function of language sounds. Among the texts that deserve to be studied and analyzed stylistically, the ode Tāʾīyeh known as the "Schools of Verses" of Diʿbil Khuzāʿī, who recited it in the presence of Imam Riḍā (as) and in praise of the great Imam and Ahl al-Bayt (as). Diʿbil is one of the most prominent committed Shiite poets, whose reputation for courage and anti-oppression is well-known, and his fervor in the calamities of the Ahl al-Bayt (as) is present in each of the verses of this poem. This research, with the approach of descriptive stylistics and descriptive-analytical method, has explained the prominent manifestations of phonetic stylistics of this poem and has examined its role in relation to the goals and thought of the poet. The results of this study show that at the phonetic level of each of the phonetic elements, external music (prosodic weight), side music, internal music (phonology, repetition, puns, rad al-‘ajz ilá ṣadr), spiritual music (contrast, confrontation and murā’āt naẓīr) in addition On the beauty and fascination of the audience with the music of the poem, it also provides the possibility of understanding the meanings for him.

After the victory of the Islamic Revolution, the cultural sphere was one of the main goals of the Islamic Revolution. Promoting culture and religious and moral values in society, as well as governing and living according to the mentioned principles, was one of the most important principles in cultural policy-making by the leaders and elders of the revolution, especially Imam Khomeini. In addition, in later periods, especially in recent years, due to the emergence of emergencies in other areas, the cultural area has been highly emphasized by the country's elders. On the other hand, markets have long played a key role in the cultural, national and indigenous identity of Iranian-Islamic cities, however, with the evolution of these commercial spaces and the formation of modern commercial complexes, especially megamalls, serious concerns have arisen about the effects of these spaces on the cultural identity of society. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. In this research, the cultural attachment of Mashhad Mall project, based on fuzzy matrix, has been proposed. In the evaluation matrix structure, the main activities of the project in the operation phase as well as the important cultural indicators that are affected by these activities are determined using the fuzzy Delphi method and the significance of each effect is estimated as triangular fuzzy numbers. Finally, using VENSIM software, an operational method for cultural and social evaluation of malls is presented.

Imam Riḍā (as) lived in a special period in terms of intellectual and social. Under certain conditions, he accepted the offer of a guardianship position from Maʾmūn and tried to lead the society with logical strategies in the true path of Islam. The main purpose of this article is to reconstruct the four-stage analytical framework of Springs on the strategies of Imam Riḍā (as) in that period to guide the people and manage affairs. Accordingly, this study first evaluates and perspectives on the problems and situation of the Islamic society at that time then finds the irregularities and anomalies of the society from the Imam's point of view. It also studies the desired society and the solution of Imam Riḍā (as) to achieve it. According to Imam Riḍā (as), the most important problem and disorder of that period of the Islamic society is the deviation from the Islamic religion in various aspects. He considers the solution to the problems to be the implementation of a special social and political structure within the framework of Islam, which in its current form is the creation of a kind of desirable governance. Of course, before accepting the governorship, he follows up most of the social spheres of governance and then pays attention to all aspects. The realization of this governance is also in the form of dialogue in all social pillars. In this way, the great Imam achieves many of his goals through trust, solidarity and social participation, in other words, by creating social capital.