مجله علمی پژوهان
سال بیستم شماره 1 (زمستان 1400)

The outbreak of coronavirus has negative physical and psychological consequences on children and increases their stress and anxiety.

The findings of the present study were reviewed from 2019 until July 2021 in PubMed, Scopus, Science direct, Google Scholar databases by searching for the keywords Covid-19, Anxiety and Children. Finally, based on the inclusion criteria, out of 98 articles reviewed, 7 articles were entered into the research and the classification results were summarized and reported.

Evaluation of the articles showed that increased anxiety and fear, increased behavioral and emotional problems, experience of misbehavior and emotional harassment, increased anxiety and stress after harm are among the negative consequences on children's mental health during the outbreak of coronavirus.

Considering the negative consequences on children's mental health, it seems necessary to conduct intervention studies to improve and reduce stress and anxiety in children during the outbreak of Covid-19 disease.

The present study was conducted with the aim of developing a model of adolescent psychological well-being based on basic needs, parent-child relationship and responsibility through self-efficacy.

The research method is applied and descriptive correlation. The statistical population of the study included first grade high school girls in the second district of Hamadan in the academic year 1399-1398 (n = 1200). The sample group was selected using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method with 3 people. Standard questionnaires for satisfying basic psychological needs, responsibility, parent-child relationship, psychological well-being and general self-efficacy were used to collect information. Data analysis was also done using SmartPLS structural equations.

The results showed that the psychological well-being model of adolescents based on the satisfaction of basic psychological needs, parent-child relationship and responsibility with self-efficacy mediation has a good fit. Also, the variables of basic needs satisfaction, parent-child relationship, responsibility and self-efficacy can predict adolescents' psychological well-being. In addition, the results showed that self-efficacy plays a mediating role in predicting adolescent psychological well-being based on the satisfaction of basic psychological needs, parent-child relationship and responsibility.

The results showed that there is a relationship between adolescents' psychological well-being model based on basic needs, parent-child relationship and responsibility with mediation of self-efficacy.

Deep sense plays a significant role in sensory control feedback, joint stability, coordination and balance. Despite the important role of vision and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation on functional skills in athletes, a few studies have been conducted in this regard. This study aimed at investigating the effects of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation exercises on dynamic visual acuity and performance of young female basketball players.

In this is semi-experimental study, 34 young basketball players were randomly classified into two intervention and control groups. In the intervention group, the participants were involved the program of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation. Moreover, in the control group, the participants performed their own daily routine exercises. Harrison Basketball Skills was used for measuring the sport performances. Also, dynamic visual acuity was measured by the PowerPoint. The SPSS software (version 23) was used for statistical analysis.

The results implied that PNF exercises resulted in a significant increase in the Sport performance and dynamic visual acuity in the intervention group. A statistically significant difference was observed in the Sport performance and dynamic visual acuity between the intervention and control groups before doing the exercise protocol.

It can be concluded that the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation can be used to enhance the performance and dynamic visual acuity in basketball players and other dynamic sports.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of purposeful reading intervention based on response to the intervention on the academic attitudes of dyslexic students in Hamadan.

This research was a quasi-experimental study by pre-test, post-test design with control group. The study population included of third grade elementary school students with dyslexia. Subjects were selected by simple randomly sampling method. In this study were participated 30 students with dyslexia. Subjects were divided into two groups by randomly method (experimental and control group), each of which was consisted of 15 students. Experimental group received targeted reading intervention based on response to intervention in 12 sessions while control group did not. The instrument of present research was and Akbary Academic Attitude Survey (2004). The obtained data were analyzed by using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) test.

T The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that in the post-intervention stage, the mean scores of academic attitude of the experimental group after the intervention was significantly higher than the control group.

The purposeful reading intervention training program improved the academic attitudes of dyslexic students.

Promoting social adjustment can improve the developmental skills of preschool children. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of play therapy based on cognitive-behavioral on social adjustment of preschool children.

The quasi-experimental research method was pretest and posttest with a control group with a follow-up period. The statistical population included all preschool children (5 to 6 years) in Bojnourd in the academic year 2019-2020 that 40 people were selected by convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group underwent cognitive-behavioral play therapy training in 12 sessions of 90 minutes; but the control group did not receive any training. The social adjustment questionnaire was administered to the subjects before and after the training. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance test at the significance level of 0.05 with SPSS software version 24.

The results showed that play therapy based on cognitive-behavioral was effective in improving social adjustment of preschool children (p<0.05). And the results continued in the follow-up period (p<0.05).

Teaching play therapy based on cognitive-behavioral to preschool children can be an effective step in promoting their social adjustment.

One of the debates in psychology is the relationship between physical illnesses and the resulting psychological and psychological phenomena that can cause extensive harm to the individual. The purpose of this study was to model the causal relationships of behavioral brain system on psychosocial vulnerability by mediating the role of anxiety Distress tolerance with asthma.

The method of this research was descriptive-correlation based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all 500 patients with asthmatic disease in District 2 of Tehran (Vanak region) in the specialized clinic of respiratory asthmatic patients in 1398. In this study, to determine the sample size according to the number of observed variables and assign a coefficient of 10 for each observed variable (24 variables observed in the model), and taking into account the possibility of incomplete questionnaires of 250 people as a sample size by purposeful selection Were. Carver and White Behavioral Brain Systems Questionnaire, Carpenters and Davoodi Psychiatric Injury, Simmons and Gaher Distress Tolerance Questionnaire were used to collect data. Regression equation tests were used to analyze the data.

The results showed that the behavioral brain system through Distress tolerance has an impact on the psychiatric vulnerability of asthmatic patients and the effects of direct and indirect pathways 63% of the variable of psychological vulnerability can be explained by the brain behavioral system Distress tolerance. In general, the research model was approved.

Considering the presence of psychological factors in asthma and identifying the role of emotional and anxiety factors in the extent of mental injury in patients, it is recommended that therapists consider protocols based on cognitive behavioral patterns in this group of patients.

Mental disorders are not only causing psychiatric patients incompetence, but also affect their families strongly and disrupt their performance. The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics and functioning of families of children with mental disorders (developmental disorders, emotional internalization, disruptive behavior, and drive out disorder).

This study is a descriptive study of causal comparative. The present population of the families of children with mental disorders who were admitted in hospitals and welfare centers in Hamadan. The study sample consisted of 56 families with children with mental disorders and 56 families with children from normal families which were selected by convenience sampling. The families were matched with regard to level social and economic. Was used to collect data on family scale. The independent t-test was used to analyze data.

The results of this study showed that there were significant differences between families of children with mental disorders and their families with normal children in the family (p<0.05).

Families of children with mental disorders need to support and rebuild be able to function normally and become prevented from damage in individual, family and community in other family members.

One of the objectives of educational systems is to raise the level of students' ability to improve their academic performance. The aim of present study was to determine the relationship between emotional self-control, alexithymia, and academic excitement with academic burnout in students with learning disabilities.

The population of this study was all clients with learning disabilities who referred to the Learning Disabilities Centers in Tehran in 2021. The sampling method was cluster random sampling. Ten centers were selected from the centers of learning disabilities. Then, 150 students with the l learning disabilities were selected to participate in this study. The data was collected by Bresso Academic Burnout Questionnaire, Toronto Emotional Dysfunction Scale,Bakran Academic Emotion Questionnaire, and Weinberger & Schmaltz (srs) Self-Restraint Scale(1990).

The results showed that negative academic excitement, emotional self- control, and positive emotion were able to predict students' academic burnout. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient test and stepwise multivariate regression analysis. Negative academic excitement (P<0.001, t= 4.91, β= 0.348) with the highest value of B and then self-control (P<0.001, t= 4.18,β=-0.288) and positive emotion (P<0.001, t= -3.42, β= -0.235) could predict academic burnout, respectively. 

Based on the findings, training the life skills related to emotion management, emotion regulation, and improving emotional intelligence should be widely and seriously considered. By training these skills, students' level of self-management can be improved and educational burnout can be prevented.