مجله آموزش محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار
سال دهم شماره 2 (زمستان 1400)

The subject of present article has to do with the importance of environment and natural resources in the political view of supreme leader of Iran. Ayatollah Khamenei is not only supreme leader of Iran but also, he is one of the eminent religious leaders in the world. For evaluation of his thoughts about environment and natural resources his 57 statements from 1991-2021 with the keywords of environment, nature, natural resources, air, water, soil, tree, planetary, forest, destruction, energy, pollution, environmental culture, awareness, law and crime statistically were analyzed. The data analysis shows that tree and planting 205 cases (maximum) and environmental awareness 4 cases (minimum) occur in his statements. It is important to note that his special attention to tree and planting is similar to special attention of tree and planting in Quran. The data analysis of Quran words show that tree 27 cases and tree of Date 20 cases have been repeated. It is clear that there is religious, justices and morality spiritual in his statements about environment, nature and natural resources. It seems that his view about environment, nature and natural resources is not only scientific, executively and expertise but also it is deeply moral and religious ideas.

The main issue in the present study is the design and validation of a sustainability education model in the competencies of primary school mathematics courses, an education that build capacity and create comprehensive programs to balance the dimensions of sustainability in mathematics lessons as an educational field to cultivate and discipline and increase the power of thought and logical reasoning along with the growth of mental creativity to achieve a sustainable society with a plan and problem-solving capability. This research is applied in terms of purpose and is a qualitative-quantitative research (mixed) with an exploratory approach. First, the most important components of math lessons stability training were identified and extracted by documentary study method. Cognitive, evaluation and functional categories with 26 sub-categories in mathematical competencies in sustainability education were selected and the proposed model was presented. A questionnaire model with 112 items was designed to validate the main elements. Content validity (CVR) and its reliability were confirmed by Cronbach's alpha and provided to 38 experts. The validation of the proposed model was performed through the PLS structural equation modelling. Based on the findings, the functional dimension had the highest share in explaining the model. Development of knowledge and skills related to communities and environment in " explaining the cognitive dimension," "developing problem solving skills" in the evaluation dimension and" designing effective methods to meet personal needs and inequalities" in the functional dimension, had the highest shares among the other studied components. It also showed that the structural model of sustainability education in primary mathematics courses had a good fit. Therefore, it can be concluded that the inclusion of sustainability concepts in the curriculum in mathematics courses with an interdisciplinary approach can be effective in applying innovative strategies in the learning process and paying attention to problem solving and problem statement in the real world.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the pathology of environmental education in the Ministry of Sport and Youth Affairs. The research method was descriptive-survey. The statistical population of the study consisted of all experts from the Ministry of Sport and Youth, with a total of 330 reports. According to Morgan's sample size table, 169 individuals were identified as the study sample. The sampling method in this study was classified sampling. The data gathering tool in this research was a researcher-made questionnaire with 22 questions. The validity of this questionnaire was evaluated by experts' opinions and the reliability of the questionnaire was calculated 0.81. For analyzing the data of the study, statistical methods such as Kolomography Smirnov, Exploratory Factor Analysis Test, and T-Test were used. The results of the study showed that 6 damages of goals, structure, reward, useful mechanisms, communication and leadership were among the damages related to environmental education in the Ministry of Sport and Youth. The results of the study also showed that the goal-related injury with a mean of 4.17 compared to other injuries was the most important issue. Among the target-related injuries, non-monitoring and evaluation of the extent to which environmental education goals were achieved with a factor load of 0.874 were identified as the most important target-related damages. Given the lack of comprehensive goals and planning and the lack of proper monitoring and evaluation of environmental education at the Ministry of Sport and Youth Affairs, the environmental education of the objectives has led to relative harm.

Many environmental problems are caused by individual behaviors, but in contrast, the behaviors are influenced by other factors. For resilience in these situations, therefore, it is necessary to adopt individual and social behaviors based on social-ecological aspects. The research aims were to identify the extent of environmental behaviors of citizens of Razavieh city, Khorasan-Razavi province, Iran, and also influencing factors towards pro-environmental behaviors. According to the Cochran formula, 334 households were selected by systematic random sampling method and were surveyed by a researcher-made questionnaire for collecting data. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the citizens’ environmental behaviors with the variables of environmental knowledge, awareness, belief, and value, as well as, age. Of course, environmental behavior varies by gender, marital status, education level, and occupation. Furthermore, the findings revealed that the citizens were environmentally friendly, and enthusiastically tend to participate in urban development activities. Since the best option to succeed in any development project is rooted in the scale and availability of community engagement, it is crucial to focus on regional and local collaboration in cities to achieve the best environmental behaviors. However, according to the concept of sustainable citizenship behavior, the findings of this research would provide an environmental horizon and also highlight types of future environmental policies in urban watershed management.

Architectural engineering is an interdisciplinary course. It has a strict relation with civil, electrical, and mechanical engineering. This study focuses on the status of sustainability in two different syllabuses of the architecture bachelor’s courses in Iran. Content analysis approach was applied along with conceptual and rational methods for the analysis of mentioned syllabuses by using Maxqda software. In the first stage, conceptual analysis was performed by using some codes related to social, economic, and environmental sustainability. In the second stage, the architecture expert panel compared sustainability criteria and their education in two syllabuses as a rational content analysis. The results of the research indicated a significant difference between the former and the present architectural engineering syllabuses: Conceptual content analysis proved that environmental implications in the new syllabus were decreased in comparison to the former syllabus. Conceptual content analysis also indicated that cultural-social and economic codes in the new syllabus increased considerably. The rational content analysis demonstrated that cultural-social implication decreased in the new syllabus, while environmental and economic values were emphasized in the new syllabus compared to the former one. Finally, it was concluded that the application of tangible design methods for sustainable architecture education, integration of quantitative and qualitative design criteria, and sustainable integrated design approaches should be added to the syllabuses of architectural engineering education.

The purpose of this study was to formulate essential criteria and indicators of environmental education in Iranian elementary education system in 2025 horizon and to prioritize it, using qualitative research for formulation, criteria and indicators and quantitative research for Abstract Prioritization of criteria and indicators. Statistical population in the field of document analysis includes environmental content, bio-education, Supreme Leader's announcement on general environmental policies of the country, Article 50 of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 20-year Perspective Document of the Islamic Republic of Iran 1404, National Document of Fundamental Education Transformation. As well as education (macro goals and strategies), the national curriculum document besides all the teachers and experts in the field of education and the environmental experts were selected by snowball sampling method. The selected people were 60 experts via snowball sampling method. Later, the theme analysis method was performed. According to the results, the philosophy of bio-education in Iranian education in the form of 9 axes, the macro goals of bio-education in the form of 14 macro goals, the essential criteria and indicators of bio-education in the fields of knowledge (21 criteria), understanding and understanding (5 criteria), individual and civil responsibilities (5 criteria), and questioning, analysis and interpretation (7 criteria) were both formulated and prioritized.

The purpose of the present study was to analyze the content of educational network educational videos and experimental science books of the first elementary school in terms of their attention to the environmental protection education. The research method was quantitative and descriptive content analysis based on the categories of environmental protection and also the statistical population included 52 educational network videos and new experimental science books written in the first year of elementary school in the academic year 2020-2021. The statistical sample was considered equal to the statistical population. The sample was analyzed based on 9 main categories and 33 sub-categories by deductive coding method. The research tool was a checklist of environmental protection education categories, so that the initial checklist was first selected from Keramati and Ahmadabadi (2018) research and its validity was confirmed by experts. To ensure the reliability of the measuring instrument, the Holstie formula was used and the agreement percentage was 78.1%. The findings showed that the content of the study did not address natural and artificial soil pollutants and light pollutants. The other two grades were significantly lower, and this limitation in the third grade is considered as a weakness for the educational content in this grade. Also, in general, the films of Shad Network paid more attention to the environmental protection education than the science books of the first elementary school. The principles of sequence and continuity were not observed in the compilation of the studied content in the first elementary period.

Natural environment and its troubles are prevalent. Environment conservation requires appropriate pro-environmental behaviors. Thus, this paper aimed to investigate the environmental behavior (EB) and its relationship to environmental concern, using environmental awareness Informative resources and some demographic factors such as gender and age among Iranian university students (the case of Shiraz University students). Using a survey method and a structured questionnaire, 400 students were studied in Iran. The environmental behavior scale (Mirfardi et al., 2017) and self- administered environmental concern scale were used for measuring the variables. The samples were selected via clustering sampling with the appropriated size. Face validity and factor analysis were used for the validity and Croanbach’s Alpha (environmental behavior= 0.55; environmental concern= 0.77; use of environmental awareness informative resources, 0.68) for the reliability evaluation. Findings showed that there was a direct and significant relationship between the variables of age, and environmental concern as well as the environmental awareness informative resources as independent variables and the pro-environmental behavior as the dependent variable (p. < o.oo1) Also, the environmental behavior variable showed a significant difference with the gender variable. This study showed that environmental concern, and age have important roles in the formation of environmental behavior.

The importance of the environment and its protection is one of the most critical issues worldwide. The issue of sustainability was raised as the destructive environmental effects of consumerism were revealed. Green consumption is an important means of change towards production and environmentally sustainable consumption. Accordingly, the current study primarily was aimed to investigating the factors related to villagers' sustainable environmental consumption behavior. The statistical population of the study was included all heads of rural households in Mahidasht district in Kermanshah city, which according to the Housing Statistics and Population Census (2016), their number is 4637 people. Considering the formula of Bartlett et al. (2001), a sample of 310 rural households in the study area were selected using a two-stage sampling method. The data were collected using a questionnaire whose content validity was confirmed by a panel of experts. A pre-test was conducted to determine the reliability of the research tool, leading to appropriate Cronbach’s alpha values for the main scales (ranging from 0.85 to 0.91). According to descriptive results, 82.6% and 17.1% of the respondents showed behaviors related to sustainable consumption at moderate and low levels, respectively. The results of correlation analysis showed a positive and significant relationship between the variables of attitude, educational level, land ownership, annual income, and participation in training courses on the environmental issues and villagers' sustainable consumption behavior. Also, the results indicated a significant difference between the villagers' sustainable consumption behavior in terms of their sex.

Resilience has the potential to enter the environmental disaster management cycle: before, during and after an accident. The purpose of this study is to investigate the existing models in the field of resilience against environmental disasters. This research was conducted by Meta-Analysis method. The statistical population of the current study included related researches that were available at inside and outside the country as full-text articles, dissertations and research projects in databases and libraries of Universities or government centers. Based on inclusion and exit criteria, 25 studies were reviewed. The results of the research led to the formation of a comprehensive model with 14 components of Environment and Agriculture, Human, Physical, Social and Cultural, Economic and Financial, Insurance, Risk Reduction, Psychological, Demographic, Institutional and Organizational, and Community Competency and Lifestyle, Information and Communication, Leadership and Strategy, and Protection and Security. Reliability was calculated through the Kappa coefficient with value of 0.95, which is at the level of excellent agreement. The model obtained from the research by identifying the factors affecting the community resilience against environmental disasters provides the possibility of improving crisis management, reducing damages and the necessary contexts for educational planning in the country.