مجله طب نظامی
سال بیست و سوم شماره 12 (پیاپی 109، اسفند 1400)

The effect of retirement as a significant stage of a turning point in the person's life and its effect on various physiological and psychological capacities in different aspects are significant. Hence, the importance of identifying interventions in order to increase body and mental health among retirees is important. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of guided visualization and mental imagery on perceived stress, psychological well-being, and sleep quality in armed forces retirement.

The present study had a semi-experimental design and used pre-tests and post-tests. A total of 60 Armed Forces Retirement (60-70 years), were selected from among the military retirees in Tehran and were randomly assigned into two groups of 30 (experimental group: 30 men; control group: 30 men). During 12 sessions, Patients were treated 3 times weekly with guided visualization and mental imagery. Perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale [PSS]), psychological well-being (Ryff’s Psychological Well-being Scales), and quality of sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) were measured before and after the intervention.

The results of the covariance test showed a significant decrease in perceived stress (P≤0.01) in the armed forces retirement in the intervention group, as well as significantly increased psychological well-being (P≤0/01) and sleep quality (P≤0/01) in the armed forces retirement in the intervention group, but no significant difference was observed in the control group.

The results of this study supported the claim that training-guided visualization and mental imagery technique could reduce perceived stress and increased psychological well–being and sleep quality in the armed forces retirement through its effect on the coping mechanism, leading to the promotion of well-being. This study that guided visualization and mental imagery technique could prevent and control perceived stress and improve Psychological well-being and sleep quality in armed forces retirement in order to strengthen their mental health.

Due to the comprehensiveness of educational topics and mastery of various scientific topics, including mathematics, physics, chemistry, and biology on the one hand, and management, business and economics on the other, pharmacists have a significant ability to perform various tasks in the healthcare system. In the meantime, pharmacists who are exposed to military training, as well as how to deal with various emergencies, have many more capabilities than the civil ones. Since it seems that this capability is less used in the health care system of the armed forces of the country, examples of these capabilities have been compiled at different levels of the health care system of the armed forces and have been put into experts’ judgment, which is presented in this article.

First, based on published texts and in consultation with six experts in the field of military pharmacy, 10 general levels in the health system of the Armed Forces were considered to express the activities of military pharmacists, and for each level, 10 general roles, activities or tasks were identified and Compiled. The titles of the questionnaire were prepared for consultation with experts, managers, and experienced people, and after checking the reliability and validity of the questionnaire, it was sent to the target group of 30 people separately. After collection, views, and comments were reviewed and analyzed.

Examination of the obtained opinions showed that out of a total of one hundred titles of role, activity, and task, 15 titles in more than 90%, 25 titles in more than 80%, 30 titles in more than 70%, 28 titles in more than 60%, and the remaining two titles in more than 50% of cases received "strongly agree" comments. Only two of the titles received more than 10 percent (and less than 20 percent) "disagree" opinions. Other comments are "somewhat agreeable". Examining the answers to the open-ended questions, which provided some explanations, also indicated the approval and acceptance of the presented materials.

According to the published texts and the use of experts with experimental and managerial scientific backgrounds in designing and compiling one hundred titles of role, activity, and duty of military pharmacists in ten general levels in the Armed Forces health system and the obtaining of positive results from 30 experts in the field of health and treatment of the armed forces, all these one hundred roles, activities, and tasks were accepted as an example of what pharmacists can take on throughout the healthcare system of the armed forces and can be used as a guide for increasing the effectiveness of pharmacists in the armed forces of the country.

Fitting the human to the job is one of the most important goals of ergonomics so that a person can work in a work environment commensurate with his energy. Diet and nutrition are among the most important factors affecting the physical and cognitive function of individuals. Therefore, estimating the amount of energy intake by people and improving nutrition services will be effective in people's performance. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the energy intake by soldiers during the training course and determine the effect of the training course on their physical work capacity.

This research is a descriptive cross-sectional study. In this study, 150 male personnel of the army and corps infantry, including soldiers and officers, were examined. The energy intake was assessed through the specialized Nutrition4 diet analysis software. Physical work capacity was also measured at the beginning and end of the training using a treadmill.

The results of this study showed that the amount of energy intake by personnel through food is 3252 kcal, which is less than the amount required by personnel to perform the physical activities assigned to them. It was also found that the physical work capacity and maximum aerobic capacity of the staff increased during this training course (P<0.05). Evaluation of measured heart rate values (before and after the test) at the beginning and end of the training period showed that the heart rate at the end of the training period decreased significantly (P<0.05).

By increasing the energy intake through food, in addition to meeting the basic needs of personnel, the ability to perform combat activities can be increased. Also, according to the obtained results, the aerobic capacity of individuals decreases with increasing age. In the training courses of older soldiers, their intensity of physical activity should be reviewed to reduce fatigue and the possibility of reducing mass index Physically prevent.

Doing military exercises without considering special physiological demands reduces the training efficiency and the inability to achieve goals, as well as the failure to prepare officers for job duties. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to design a special training protocol based on the physiological demands of the Police Station.

The present study was conducted on 100 police officers of Rasht city who were working in 1997-96. First, heart rate, lactate, and Rating of Perceived Exertion scale 6-20 were measured at rest and then these variables were estimated during the mission of police officers. They performed three different circular training sessions on three different days and the correlation of heart rate, lactate, and Rating of Perceived Exertion with similar measured factors was assessed before and during the mission. The degree of correlation was examined by the Pearson correlation method.

Findings of this study showed that there is a high correlation between lactate levels, heart rate, and Rating of Perceived Exertion during training and mission (P≤0.01). Also, there was a correlation between lactate values, heart rate, and Rating of Perceived Exertion in the three types of circular training. (P≤0.01).

Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that the use of special police station exercises in a circular method can probably lead to their greater fitness to carry out the mission and face the dangers.

Among the failures of a disaster, the disruption of the critical infrastructure of the community causes the most damage to society. Therefore, the ability of critical infrastructure such as hospitals to anticipate, absorb, adapt or rapidly recover from a devastating event is essential. The purpose of this study is to design a self-adaptive model for resilient hospital systems to improve the quality of services in military hospitals.

In this paper, first the vital systems of resilient hospital were identified using library studies. Then, in the selected systems, aspects of self-adaptive appropriate to each system were selected, and by applying the organic computing method, these systems were self-adapted. agent-based modeling has been used to evaluate the model of Resilient Hospital self-adaptive systems. Necessary data were obtained in the field from a military hospital.

According to the simulation results, the self-adaptive model of resilient hospital systems in the support and resource management system has been able to reduce the average backlog of demand by 34.24% and the average waiting time to receive demand by 38.89%. This model has reduced the number of units’ failures in the hospital safety system by 37.53%. In the emergency and disaster management system, the self-adaptive model has been able to reduce the evacuation time of the hospital by 42.11%. The self-adaptive model has improved the performance of the emergency medical care system by 13%.

Due to their ability to change behavior in time, self-adapting systems have the ability to improve the resilience of military hospitals in any crisis and make them more successful in their missions.

Today, microbial contamination is one of the most important factors that has caused many problems in various industries, including the textile and military textiles. Some of the used finishing materials for performance improvement of textiles, especially military textiles, can create a suitable environment for the rapid growth of microorganisms on their surfaces and the spread of various diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to control these pathogens. Antimicrobial of military textiles is one of the used methods that prevent the growth of microorganisms. In this research, it has been studied different methods of antimicrobial treatment of textile, especially military textiles.

Due to the long-term recovery of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and postoperative problems as well as the nonadherence to postoperative rehabilitation programs, the risk of re-injury of this ligament will increase. To ignore kinematic variables in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstructed (ACLR) individuals can be one of the main causes of injury in these people. The purpose of this study was to investigate kinematic parameters and variables of the lower extremity during walking in healthy military personnel with the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament.

The subjects were 34 volunteer male military personnel who were reported to have anterior cruciate ligament rupture previously. The kinematic and kinetic data of the subjects' movements were recorded by the Vicon motion analysis system and the Kistler force plate with sampling frequencies of 200 and 1000 Hz, respectively. Finally, data analysis was performed using Nexus and Visual 3D software. The kinematic variables of the lower extremity from the moment of initial heel contact to the moment of foot separation with the force plate were calculated and compared between the two groups.

The results of the study showed that the range of flexion-extension motion of the hip and ankle in the stance phase in the group with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) was lower than the healthy group; however, there was no significant relationship between them (P=0.12, P=0.62). Moreover, the range of flexion-extension motion of the knee in the stance phase and the maximum flexion angle of the knee at the moment of heel contact with the ground in the ACLR group was significantly reduced compared to the healthy group (P=0.03, P=0.005). The findings of the study revealed that Maximum knee joint valgus and tibiofemoral rotation ratio (T/F) in the stance phase showed a significant difference between the two groups and was associated with an increase in the mean of the ACLR group (P=0.032, P=0.038). Also, there was a significant difference between the two groups regarding the parameters of duration in the stance phase, Step speed, and step length evaluated during walking. It was also associated with a decrease in the mean of these parameters in the ACLR group (P=0.01, P=0.02, P=0.03).

The results of this study suggest that rehabilitation exercises aimed at improving the range of motion of the lower extremity joints and also the modified Gait pattern in rehabilitation exercises can contribute to reducing the risk of injury and re-injury.

Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome (MTSS) is one of the most common sports-related overuse injuries among runners and military personnel. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is an emerging treatment modality that used for individuals with MTSS. However, there was no found a systematic review that specifically assess the clinical and functional efficacy of ESWT in individuals with MTSS. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the effect of ESWT on the clinical and functional outcomes of individuals with MTSS.

For this study, Embase, Scopus, Medline, Web of Science, PubMed, and Biomed Central databases were searched using selected keywords from inception to 1 June 2021. PRISMA instructions were followed for this study. Based on search strategies, 978 articles from six databases were identified. Following the removal of duplicate and irrelevant articles, the full text of 11 articles was received from the databases. After reviewing the full text of these articles, information related to four articles that examined the effects of ESWT on individuals with MTSS was extracted.

A total of 202 individuals with an age of 33.2 ± 8.9 years and MTSS history >3 weeks have participated in the studies. Three studies included athletes and one study included military personnel as a participant. Three studies found that ESWT had a significant treatment effect on the MTSS, while one study found that ESWT had no significant treatment effect on the MTSS.

Given that most previous studies have reported that ESWT has a positive effect on individuals with MTSS, this treatment modality can be recommended for those individuals. However, due to the limited number of studies and the contradictory results and methodological weakness of some studies, more detailed studies are necessary for it to become viewed as an acceptable modality for the treatment of MTSS.