مجله فیض
سال بیست و ششم شماره 1 (پیاپی 123، فروردین و اردیبهشت 1401)

Neuropathic pain due to chemotherapy is one of the most important types of chronic pain that despite the increasing advances in medical sciences, its treatment is associated with many problems. In this study, the effects of atomoxetine on paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain and the effect of alpha-2 adrenergic receptor antagonist (yohimbine) on the analgesic effect of atomoxetine were investigated.

Male mice received paclitaxel (2 mg/kg i.p.) from the first to the fifth day and atomoxetine (5, 10, and 15 mg/kg p.o.) was administered from the day 6 to 10. Mice were divided into different groups (n=8) and each group received a unique dose of the drug. On days 9, 10 and 11, Von Frey and acetone tests were performed. Also, the effect of alpha-2 adrenergic receptor antagonist (yohimbine) on the analgesic effect of atomoxetine was investigated. For this purpose, after pain induction, mice received atomoxetine (15 mg/kg p.o) with yohimbine (5 mg/kg i.p. 5) from day 6 to 10.

Daily administration of atomoxetine (15 mg/kg p.o) effectively increased pain threshold in the cold and mechanical allodynia tests (P<0.01). Administration a single dose of atomoxetine on the 11th day did not alter behavioral tests.

According to these findings, it can be concluded that atomoxetine is able to reduce the severity of paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain.

Identification of underlying mechanisms of gliomas pathogenesis is of particular importance. The overexpression of PTX3 gene is profoundly implicated in glioma development. The RNA interference (RNAi)-based knockdown of target gene by means of double-stranded RNA molecules including siRNA can be harvested as a therapeutic tool for oncogene silencing. The present study aimed to induce apoptosis in U-87 glioma cell line by knockdown of PTX3 gene.

A variety of in silico methods were applied for siRNA design to silence PTX3 gene. Scoring of candidate siRNAs was performed according to design rules. The best siRNA against the PTX3 gene as well as scrambled siRNA were selected. The efficacy of PTX3 silencing in the U-87 cells was evaluated by Real‐time PCR assay. To assess the effect of PTX3 knock down on cellular apoptosis, the mortality rate of transfected cells was compared with control groups by flow cytometry.

Designed PTX3‐siRNAs (n=53) were assessed and scored from different aspects and the best one was suggested in PTX3 gene expression knockdown assay. The 72-hour treatment of U-87 cells with designed PTX3‐siRNA in 100 nM concentration affected the gene expression by decreasing to 69%. Flowcytometry results indicated the induction of apoptosis in 65% of the cells.

The efficiency of designed siRNA was approved in vitro, with significant effect on the downregulation of PTX3 gene and induction of apoptosis in U-87 glioma cells. Based on our finding, targeting PTX3 via siRNA can be considered as an anti-cancer strategy.

Aging can increase the risks of various liver diseases and act as an unfavorable prognostic factor and increase mortality. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of 8-week resistance training with liposomal vitamin C on the expression of UCP1 and FIS1 in hepatocytes of elderly rats.

The present study was an experimental study with a control group. Twenty-five male rats (Wistar) aged 24 weeks (280-320 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups; young control group, elderly + resistance training group, elderly + liposomal vitamin C group, elderly + resistance training + liposomal vitamin C group and old age control group. In the groups receiving liposomal vitamin C, liposomal vitamin C was administered daily based on kilograms of body weight.

UCP1 expression was significantly reduced in the elderly group compared to the young group (P=0.001). However, the expression of UCP1 in the elderly group + resistance training along with vitamin C consumption increased significantly compared to the elderly group (P=0.001). Also, FIS1 expression was significantly increased in the elderly group compared to the young group (P=0.001). However, the expression of FIS1 in the elderly group + resistance training with vitamin C consumption was significantly reduced compared to the young group (P=0.001).

Aging increases FIS1 expression and decreases UCP1 expression in rat liver tissue. However, resistance training with vitamin C decreases FIS1 expression and increases UCP1 expression in elderly rats.

Diabetes interferes with some of the factors that contribute to cardiac angiogenesis. So, this study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on VEGF, NO and Let-7a in young rats with type 2 diabetes.

The present study is an experimental study in which the statistical population consisted of young rats (8 weeks) with type 2 diabetes. A total of 24 young rats (8 weeks old) were divided into three groups: diabetic + HIIT, healthy + HIIT + healthy control. ELISA was used to measure VEGF and NO and Real time PCR was used for Le7-a.

Diabetes + HIIT group had more VEGF compared to healthy control group (P= 0.005) and healthy + HIIT group had more VEGF than healthy control group (P=0.001). The healthy + HIIT group also had higher VEGF than the diabetes + HIIT group (P=0.005). The diabetes + HIIT group had more NO than the healthy control group (P=0.041) and the healthy + HIIT group had more NO compared to the healthy control group (P=0.005). Also, the difference between the healthy + healthy group in comparison with the diabetes + healthy group was not significant in terms of NO (P=0.07). The diabetic + healthy group had more Let-7a than the healthy control group (P=0.009) and the healthy + HIIT group had more Let-7a than the healthy control group (P=0.001). Also, the healthy + HIIT group had a higher Let-7a value compared to the diabetes + HIIT group (P=0.001).

The findings of this study showed that HIIT increases VEGF, Let-7a and NO in diabetic and healthy rats. However, the increase in these variables was higher in healthy samples than in diabetic samples.

Aerobic exercise, ozone therapy and cell therapy have each been independently proposed as treatments for osteoarthritis. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise with ozone and cell therapy on serum levels of anandamide concentration in osteoarthritis rats.

Forty-five male rats were randomly divided into 9 groups, including 1 group: healthy control, 2-patient control, 3-exercise, 4-ozone therapy, 5-cell therapy, 6-exercise+ozone therapy, 7-exercise+cell therapy, 8-ozone+cell therapy and 9-ozone+cell therapy+exercise. Cell groups alone and combination cell therapy received 1×106cells/kg, and ozone groups alone and ozone combination therapies received 20µg/ml of ozone in 3 replications before exercise. The training program consisted of running on a treadmill at a speed of 16 meters per minute for 8 weeks. Forty-eight hours after the last exercise session, serum levels of anandamide were measured by Elisa.

Findings showed that the serum level of anandamide in the osteoarthritis patient group was significantly reduced compared to the healthy group that exercise and ozone therapy led to a significant increase in the serum anandamide level; but cell therapy could not have a significant effect on increasing serum levels of anandamide. The peak of this increase was seen in ozone+cell therapy and the interaction of all three interventions simultaneously.

Although aerobic exercise and ozone therapy each independently have a positive effect on anandamide in people with osteoarthritis, but the interaction of all three interventions simultaneously with ozone+cell therapy is more effective.

There is a close link between eating fatty foods, the prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to evaluation the effect of 8 weeks caloric restriction on Perilipins (PLIN5) and ATGL visceral adipose tissue and insulin resistance in male diabetic rats.

In this experimental study, 24 male rats were divided into healthy control, diabetic control and diabetic group with caloric restriction. In the caloric restriction group, %40 of the calorie intake was restricted and other groups received the standard food they needed freely for 8 week. The relative expression of prilipine 5 and ATGL protein by Western blotting and insulin resistance were also evaluated using Homa index. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test.

A significant difference was showed between the means of the three groups in comparing the expression of PLIN5 and ATGL proteins. Post hoc test showed a significant increase in PLIN5 and ATGL in the caloric restriction group compared to the healthy and diabetic control group (P=0.001). There was also a significant decrease in insulin and glucose levels in the caloric restriction group compared to the diabetic control group (p = 0.001).

Calorie restriction may prevent insulin resistance by acting on the overlying proteins and thus reducing fat accumulation.

this study aimed to investigate the response of adipose tissue-derived cytokines (CTRP3 and CTRP5) to resistance training with different intensities in obese men.

44 obese men were randomly divided into 4 groups of 11: control, low-intensity exercise, moderate-intensity exercise and high-intensity exercise. The training program included resistance interval training including 8 movements which were performed in different intensities. The first sample was taken 72 hours before and the second blood sample was taken 72 hours after the 12-week training period from the subjects' right arm vein. In order to analyze the data, analysis of covariance, correlated t-test and Tukey's post hoc test were used at a significance level of P<0.05.

CTRP3 and CTRP5 levels in training groups were significantly different from the control group (P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively). Also, the results of post hoc test showed that CTRP3 and CTRP5 levels in training groups were significantly increased compared to the control group. There was also a significant difference between low and medium intensity training groups and high intensity training groups (P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively). There was a significant difference between low intensity training groups and high intensity training groups (P=0.028), also.

The results of the present study showed that CTRP3 and CTRP5 levels increased in the 12 weeks after resistance training, which could be related to a possible reduction in body fat percentage and body weight, which was more noticeable in the group with high intensity training.

Proper recovery can affect complex balance, psychomotor, and fatigue performance. So, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of cumin intake following partial sleep deprivation (PSD) on the oxidation of carbohydrates and fats and some cardiorespiratory indices in student-athletes.

The study was quasi-experimental with cross-sectional design. The subjects were 18 female student-athletes (Age: 18-25 years), who were recruited voluntarily. Then, they were assigned into immersion in cold water, immersion in cold water, placebo (including dextrose) and immersion in cold water with supplementation. Caffeine and placebo were taken one hour before the test and after one hour, the participants took balance, Bruce and Vienna tests. Repeated analysis of variance and Bonferroni correction test were used at the significance level of 0.05.

Exhaustion time and heart rate in student-athletes improved significantly after immersion in cold water and caffeine consumption (P≤0.05). Also, motor and motor function (reaction speed) improved with caffeine consumption (P≤0.05). On the other hand, the indices related to static and dynamic balance were not significantly different (P≥0.05).

Caffeine supplementation and immersion in cold water affect the indicators of fatigue and psychomotor function in student-athletes following a burn out exercise protocol.

Infertility is one of the major health problems in the world and several factors play a role in the occurrence of this complication. One of the causes of idiopathic male infertility is a defect in the process of spermatogenesis due to genetic changes in cytokines involved in this process. Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNFα) as a multifunctional cytokine controls spermatogenesis-related cellular activity. In this study, the association of -308G/A polymorphism in the TNFα gene with male infertility was investigated.

In a case-control study, blood samples were collected from 82 infertile men and 107 fertile men. After DNA extraction, the genotype of the samples at the -308G/A region was determined using the PCR-RFLP technique.

Data analysis showed a significant association between GA genotype and reduced risk of male infertility. Also, in the subgroup study, a significant association was observed between this genotype and the reduction of oligozoospermia and asthenozoospermia risk. Similar results were found for the association of carriers of allele A (GA + AA) and idiopathic male infertility. In addition, the allelic analysis showed a significant association between allele and a reduced risk of idiopathic male infertility. Subgroup analysis showed a significant association between this allele and reduced risk of asthenozoospermia, also.

Based on findings of this research, the TNFα -308G/A polymorphism can be considered as a protective factor and a potential biomarker for idiopathic male infertility.

Quality of life, psychological well-being and resilience are among the basic concepts in family studies that play a key role in the occurrence of marital conflicts and problems of couples. Self-compassion training is one of the approaches that can be used to improve couples' relationships. The present study was conducted to identify the effectiveness of self-compassion on psychological well-being, quality of life and resilience in couples with marital conflicts.

This was an experimental study of pre-test and post-test with control and follow-up groups. The statistical sample of this study included 40 couples who were randomly placed in the experimental group of self-compassion or control. The experimental group received eight 90-minute self-compassion training sessions and the control group received no training. Data were collected using the Conner –Davidson Resilience scale, the World Health Organization quality of Life scale and the Ryff Psychological Well-Being scale. Analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to analyze the data.

The results of repeated measures analysis of variance showed that self-compassion training has created significant increase in resilience (P<0.01), psychological well-being (P<0.01) and quality of life (P<0.01) of couples with marital conflicts and these results have remained constant in the two-month follow-up (P<0.05).

It seems that self-compassion training by focusing on accepting kind feelings and changing negative to positive emotions can affect the quality of life, psychological well-being and resilience of conflicting couples.

Influenza A is considered a general health system problem. This study was performed to evaluate the disease pattern in patients with influenza A (H1N1) proven in Kashan city in 2019.

This descriptive study was carried out on 53 definite cases of influenza A (H1N1). PCR was performed in all patients with flulike symptoms for confirm diagnosis.  The demographic, clinical and para clinical information of patients were collected and analyzed by SPSS 16.

In this study were 29 male (54.7%) and 24 female (45.3%). The mean age was     45 ± 18.5. The highest frequency was related to the age group of 61-90 years, 18 (34%) and the lowest frequency was related to the age group of 0-20 years, 5 (9%). Travel history in 5 patients (9.5%) Out of 53 patients, 8 (15.1%) had chronic underlying disease. The mean length of hospital stay was 5±3.49. The most common clinical symptoms were respectively fever in 35(66%), cough in 24(45.3%) and dyspnea in 19 (35.8%) cases. There was increased ESR in 21 (39.6%) and thrombocytopenia in 27 (50.9%) cases. Of the 53 patients, only one case had died.

Due to the high prevalence of involvement in the elderly and the occurrence of more complications and death in elderly patients, efforts should be made to prevent the infection of these people over the age of 60 by vaccinating them.

Personality disorders and defense styles are influential factors in marital adjustment. This study aimed to predict marital adjustment through borderline personality traits with the mediating role of defense styles.

The research design was path analysis. The statistical population was married people aged 30 to 40 years who referred to family counseling centers and family courts of Rafsanjan in the spring and summer of 1398. 200 individuals were selected from the statistical population by available sampling method. Then they were given the Leichsenring Personality Traits Questionnaire (1999), the Spanier Marital Adjustment Questionnaire (1979), and the Andrews, Singh, and Bond (1993) Defense Styles Questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed by path analyzing method, ANOVA, correlation coefficient and regression.

The results showed that borderline personality traits have a direct, negative and significant relationship with marital adjustment (β=-0.384, P<0.01) and a direct, positive and significant relationship with defense styles (β=0.242, P<0.01). Also, defense styles had a direct, negative and significant relationship with marital adjustment (β=-0.389, P<0.01). The results of Sobel test showed that defense styles are mediators between borderline personality traits and marital adjustment (Z-Value =-1.980, P<0.05).

Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to pay attention to the role of defense styles in marital mutual understanding and adaptation of couples along with their personality traits.

During the Coronavirus 2019 pandemic, children and adolescents experienced a number of problems, such as distance from peers, participation in virtual classes, home quarantine, reduced physical activity, and hearing news related to the deadly COVID-19, which affected their mental health. In this regard, the present study was conducted to investigate depression, anxiety and stress in children and adolescents during the coronavirus 2019 pandemic.

This study is a review by searching by keywords Coronavirus 2019, Children, Adolescents, Depression, Stress, Anxiety, Mental Health, Pandemic and Psychology in the titles and abstracts of articles published in Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and ScienceDirect Searched for 2020 (February) to 2021 (July). 30 purposeful research articles based on exclusion criteria (unavailability of full text of the article, letter to the editor and no abstract) and entry into the research (relevance to the purpose of the research, having a structured research framework and publication in a valid journal) to select the selection Were.

Studies have shown a decrease in the mental health of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Depression, Anxiety, Stress, Fear, Social Isolation, Poor Sleep Quality, Decreased Physical Activity, Poor Academic Performance, Aggression, Behavioral Problems, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder are some of the most common problems in children and adolescents during COVID-19 outbreaks. Was. Factors such as age, gender, economic and social status, physical activity, domestic violence, parenting style and fear of COVID-19 affected the mental health of children and adolescents.

As children and adolescents reach a critical developmental age, home quarantine, social isolation, and school closures caused them to experience high levels of depression, anxiety, and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, it is necessary for parents, psychologists and school counselors to take measures to increase the mental health, social support, resilience, mindfulness and psychological well-being of children and adolescents.