نشریه سیاست نامه علم و فناوری
سال یازدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 37، زمستان 1400)

Sustainable innovation is necessary for organizational survival as well as success in the turbulent environment of digital era, particularly in the currentCOVID-19 epidemic crisis. Many of today’s innovations employ a combination of digital technologies while relying on telecommunications infrastructure besides Internet access. The COVID-19 crisis one-year experience has revealed that to what extent the innovations formed in the digital context have succeeded to enhance society’s resilience to this crisis. In this regard, the present study was aimed at providing a comprehensive model of innovations in the digital context and their role and effect on the COVID-19 crisis. Qualitative meta-synthesis was the main method of this research, in which the kappa coefficient was calculated to assess the model and Shannon entropy was calculated to specify the significance coefficient of the indices. To this end, the previous studies on digital innovations over the COVID-19 crisis were first extracted through searching for relevant keywords and 634 papers were found that 78 of which were finalized at four consecutive screening stages. Subsequently, the identified indices in different papers were coded and the main themes were identified through categorizing the codes. The results revealed that technologies based on artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, cloud technologies, and blockchain are the fundamental areas of digital innovation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, health, education, and business were identified as the key areas for applying digital innovations during the pandemic.

Cooperative entrepreneurship and the new methods of financing them that are used to attract people funds are more compatible with the beliefs of Islamic societies. The purpose of this study is to answer the question of what criteria are more important for investing in cooperatives. in this research, while examining the strengths and weaknesses of conventional models of cooperatives financing, the presented model is analyzed by analyzing statistical sample data with quantitative variables and qualitative variables based of grounded theory. Quantitative variables in a statistical population of 38, 000 and sampling 380 and qualitative variables based on grounded theory were collaborated using in depth interviews with 15 specialists in the field of cooperative with history of more than 3 years. The findings of this study showed that economic and social factors have the greatest impact on capital accumulation in cooperatives and this financing model is a suitable solution for financing infrastructure projects due to its lower cost and social benefits for enterprises.

IoT technology is one of long waves of technology that will act as a platform for countries to rise or fall in the economic path. If countries and companies that take advantage of the opportunities ahead of this technology, they can join the ranks of global leaders and consolidate their position for decades. In recent years, Iran has carried out extensive activities to develop various technologies, but due to the multiplicity of technology fields and the spread of the country's potential in various fields, sufficient accumulation of knowledge and capital in one sector has not taken place. In general, in order for economic coexistence, there must be leaps in several industrial and technological sectors so that a country can become the backbone of a developed country. But since IoT technology is a common technology and is used in all sectors, there is a risk of spreading the scientific and capital potential of the country in its various fields. Therefore, it is necessary to create accumulation of knowledge, capital and wealth by focusing on priority areas. Due to this, in this research, the applied parts of IoT technology that can cause technological and economic leaps have been identified and then the importance and priority of these parts can be determined using nonlinear modeling approach. The results showed that focusing on energy intelligence in Iran has the highest advantage and focusing on this sector can ensure economic growth and technology of society.

The Covid-19 crisis has had major negative impacts on the economic growth of countries and the closure of many businesses new ventures. The effects are twofold, especially for our country, Iran, which is also subject to unfair economic sanctions. Given the current economic challenges, the purpose of this study is to analyze the behavioral pattern of Iranian start-ups that have survived and even grown in emergency conditions (like Corona crisis). This research with a qualitative approach and using a case study method of template-based research design, examined 12 start-ups in different industries with in-depth semi-structured interviews. The results show that the adoption of preventive, problem-oriented and opportunity-oriented entrepreneurial behaviors before and during the crisis along with exploratory behaviors of questioning, observation, networking and experimentation increases the likelihood of start-up survival in emergencies. These results provide valuable insights for researchers and potential entrepreneurs regarding the behavioral patterns effective for emergency conditions.

PPI is an innovation policy that industrialized countries have studied since the early twenty-first century because to the large contribution of government purchases to their national economies. Despite its attraction, this demand-side innovation policy has failed to capture the attention of emerging and less developed countries, owing to their demands and circumstances being distinct from those of developed ones. One of these conditions is insufficient supplier capability. This review paper examined 1) the theoretical underpinnings of supplier capability development and public procurement of innovation, 2) the body of existing research, and 3) conducted an introductory scientometric analysis of these two literatures. The findings indicated that both fields are burdened by a small number of publications that are largely unrelated to one another. Developed countries have viewed this topic as a secondary goal of PPI policy, which develops organically during this policy - most likely because suppliers' capability building is not their primary objective in comparison to the growth of innovation. Developing countries, on the other hand, require purposeful targeting of this objective in order to leverage public procurement.

Over the past few decades, following the pivotal role of knowledge and commercialization of knowledge as the main factor of economic prosperity and competitiveness, the importance of changing the universities' role in fostering the fertility of innovative and entrepreneurial activities is increasingly emphasized. In this regard, in many parts of the world, governmental and intergovernmental organizations have played an influential role in promoting the entrepreneurial concept and mentality and encouraging universities to become more entrepreneurial and engaged. One of the means in this line is awards to entrepreneurship in higher education. Due to the importance of moving towards this concept in Iran, the entrepreneurial university awards can be a means to accelerate the implementation of relevant policies. Therefore, this research, using documentary study, reviews awards to entrepreneurship and engagement in higher education provided by other countries. The findings can assist policymakers and researchers in understanding the importance of introducing this award and in providing a local model in Iran that can guide and encourage the Iranian universities towards engagement and entrepreneurship, which helps improve the entrepreneurial ecosystem.

In the present age, the complexity and changes of the environment are so widespread and dynamic that many organizations are not able to adapt to changes using traditional hierarchical structures. Such conditions force companies to move towards flat and flexible structures. The purpose of this article is to identify and introduce new ways of organizing in today's complex age. To achieve this goal, we examined the literature by reviewing the literature using the library and examining the documents and articles in journals. Finally, by introducing the lattice structure as a new way of organizing, using small work teams and power distribution in the organization can reduce the barriers caused by traditional hierarchical bureaucracies and provide responsiveness, flexibility, creativity, innovation, efficiency and effectiveness in the organization. Using such a way of organizing can bring benefits such as Unlimited and multidirectional communication between people, Multidirectional career advancement path, the emergence of creative ideas, balance between life and work, increased morale and happiness, work motivation and commitment to goals in the organization.