فهرست مطالب

Hormozgan Medical Journal - Volume:26 Issue: 1, Mar 2022

Hormozgan Medical Journal
Volume:26 Issue: 1, Mar 2022

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1401/02/10
  • تعداد عناوین: 11
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  • Monir Javer, Amin Rafiepoor*, Mehrdad Sabet Pages 1-6
    Background

    Cardiovascular disease (CVD), a chronic and debilitating physical condition, is one of the most common causes of death. Complications of CVD, such as decreased physical and mental health along with its chronic, progressive, and irreversible nature have numerous negative consequences for patients. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of perceived stress in the relationship between psychological hardiness and quality of life (QoL) in cardiovascular patients.

    Methods

    The present study was a descriptive-correlational and structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all patients with CVD referred to heart hospitals and cardiac rehabilitation centers in Tehran, Iran in 2019. Using purposeful sampling method, a total of 151 individuals were selected. Data collection tools included a Kobasa Psychological Hardiness Questionnaire, Cohen’s Perceived Stress Questionnaire, and Quality of Life Scale (SF-36). To analyze the data, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and path analysis with SPSS.22 and Amos.22 software were used.

    Results

    The results showed that negative perception of stress and positive perception of stress had a significant negative and positive relationship with dimensions of QoL, respectively (P<0.001). Psychological hardiness had a significant positive relationship with dimensions of QoL (P<0.001). Also, perceived stress had a mediating role in the relationship between psychological hardiness and QoL dimensions (P<0.001).

    Conclusion

    The results of the present study indicated a correlation between psychological hardiness and increased QoL and the inverse relationship between perceived stress and QoL in cardiovascular patients.

    Keywords: Cardiovascular Disease, Resilience, Quality of Life
  • Mohammad Javad Shafahi, Mohsen Salesi*, Rasoul Rezaei, Farhad Daryanoosh Pages 7-11
    Background

    Nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is an inducible transcription factor that improves redox balance through stimulating antioxidant gene expression.

    Objectives

    Studies have shown that Nrf2 can be modulated by physical exercise. However, the impact of resistance training and coenzyme Q10 supplementation has never been investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two months of resistance exercise and coenzyme Q10 supplementation on the expression of Nrf2 and NAD(P)quinone acceptor oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) in young male rats.

    Methods

    In this semi-experimental study, a total of 36 male and young Sprague Dawley rats (age: 8 weeks) were randomly assigned into six groups as follows: resistance training (RT), training and supplementation of 200 mg/kg of rat weight (RT + Q200), training and supplementation and 300 mg/kg (RT + Q300), supplementary group with the value of 200 mg/kg (Q200), supplementary group with the value of 300 mg/ kg (Q300), and control. The resistance training protocol consisted of three set of five repetitions of trained rats climbing a vertical ladder with an extra load attached to the tail, representing 30–100% of total body mass three times per week for eight weeks. The proteins levels of Nrf2 and NQO1 were measured by Western blotting technique. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and in case of statistically significant difference, Tukey’s post-hoc test were used to determine the difference between groups.

    Results

    The results showed that the expression of Nrf2 and NQO1 levels changed in the groups after the end of the period. While the expression of Nrf2 and NQO1 significantly increased in the RT and RT + Q200 groups (P<0.001).

    Conclusion

    The results of present study showed that resistance training provides a beneficial adaptation to Nrf2 and NQO1 activity, which can be further enhanced by Q10 supplementation with antioxidant effects.

    Keywords: Resistance training, Nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2, Antioxidants, Coenzyme Q10supplement
  • Peyman Nayebpour, Jabbar Bashiri*, Farhad Gholami Pages 12-16
    Background

    High-fat diet (HFD) can cause several health problems and chronic inflammation. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of endurance training along with HFD on serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-17 in male Wistar rats.

    Methods

    In an experimental-controlled study, 36 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups of HFD, training (T), HFD + training (HFDT), and control (C). Exercise training consisted of 40 minutes of running on treadmill at the maximum speed of 55%-65%, five sessions per week for four weeks. Forty-eight hours following the last intervention, serum IL-6 and IL-17 levels were measured. Data analysis was conducted by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s post hoc test at P<0.05.

    Results

    The results showed that serum IL-6 and IL-17 levels significantly increased as a result of HFD (P=0.001). Endurance training decreased IL-6 and IL-17 levels and there was a significant difference between training and HFD groups (P=0.001). However, based on the difference between HFDT and control groups, the variables did not return to baseline values.

    Conclusion

    According to the results, HFD induced inflammation in a short duration of four weeks manifested by elevated inflammatory indices. In contrast, endurance training ameliorated HFD-induced elevation of IL-6 and IL-17 and these levels did not return to baseline values.

    Keywords: Aerobic training, Cytokine, High-fat diet, Inflammation
  • Mohammad Reza Golzarfeshalami, Masoumeh Mahmoodi, Nasrin Davari Dolatabadi** Pages 17-24
    Background

    Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak was first detected in China in 2019 and it has become a global threat affecting many countries. This study aimed to investigate the psychological impacts of COVID-19 pandemic, including anxiety, depression, and stress in the Iranian population.

    Methods

    In this cross-sectional study, an online survey was designed using the simple random sampling technique. A total of 1091 online surveys were completed during 10-18 May, 2020. The collected data included demographics, physical symptoms, history of COVID-19, information and attitudes toward COVID-19, as well as precautions and protection measures against the disease. Psychological impacts were evaluated using the Impact of Event Scale–Revised (IES-R), and mental health status by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Linear regression was used to analyze the associations.

    Results

    According to the results, 47.7% of the respondents demonstrated moderate to severe psychological impacts caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, of whom 28.3%, 24%, and 22.3% suffered from moderate to severe depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms, respectively. Also, female gender, decrease or cessation of income, and having chronic diseases were associated with more psychological impacts and higher scores of DASS-21 subscales.

    Conclusion

    Approximately, a quarter of the participants reported moderate to high levels of stress, anxiety, and depression, and half of the participants indicated moderate to severe psychological impacts. In this study, we successfully identified the vulnerable individuals to determine appropriate interventions and control the psychological consequences.

    Keywords: COVID-19, Post-traumatic stress disorder, Mental health, Anxiety, Depression
  • Kambiz Ghasemi*, Maryam Esteghamati, Khatereh Arjeh Pages 25-29
    Background

    Urinary tract infection (UTI) is among the most common infections in children and acute pyelonephritis (APN) is the most important type of UTI. Late diagnosis and treatment of APN can result in severe complications. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin E on renal scars in children aged three months to 14 years.

    Methods

    This single-blinded randomized clinical trial (RCT) included all children aged three months to 14 years admitted to tBandar Abbas Children’s Hospital, Bandar Abbas, Iran due to APN in 2017-2018. Patients with renal scars were alternately randomized into two groups. The control group included 41 patients who received 50-75 mg/kg/d intravenous ceftriaxone during hospital stay and the intervention group included 37 cases who received 20 U/kg/d vitamin E tablets in addition to the previous treatment for a total duration of 4 months. Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scan was performed at baseline and at the end of 4 months.

    Results

    Out of a total of 78 patients, 34 (43.6%) were boys. Participants of both groups were comparable regarding age and gender. The median of decrease in photopenic areas was insignificantly higher in girls in the vitamin E group compared to girls in the control group (1.26 vs. 1.17, P=0.459). Regardless of gender, decrease in photopenic areas was insignificantly higher in patients aged 1-3 years in the vitamin E group compared to those in the control group (1.40 vs. 1.22, P=0.451).

    Conclusion

    Treatment with vitamin E for at least 4 months may reduce renal scarring in children aged 1-3 years and girls with APN.

    Keywords: Vitamin E, Pyelonephritis, Children, Kidney scarring
  • Mansour Azimzadeh, Gholamali Jelodar* Pages 30-34
    Background

    There is an increasing public concern about the harmful effect of exposure to electromagnetic radiation emitted from base transceiver stations (BTS).

    Objectives

    This study was carried out to evaluate the impact of exposure to 900 MHz radiofrequency (RF) on the concentration of brain trace elements (TEs), including zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), and iron (Fe), as well as the protective effect of vitamins (C and E) supplementation.

    Methods

    In this study, 30 male rats were assigned into three non-exposed groups, including sham I, II, and III receiving saline, vitamin C, and vitamins C+E, respectively, and three exposed groups, including sham-exposed (saline), test I (vitamin C), and test II (vitamins C+E). The exposed groups were exposed to RF for one month (4 h/day) and the brain TE levels were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometry.

    Results

    Compared with the non-exposed groups (I, II, and III), a remarkable elevation in the concentration of Mn, Fe, Cu, and Cu/Zn ratio accompanied by a significantly lower level of Zn was noticed in the rats’ brain of the sham-exposed group (P<0.05). However, pretreatment with both vitamins C and C+E improved the evaluated TE imbalances caused by exposure to 900 MHz RF with no significant difference between the two test groups (P>0.05).

    Conclusion

    Disruption of brain TEs homeostasis caused by the exposure to 900 MHz RF improved and normalized by pretreatment with vitamins C and E+C.

    Keywords: Electromagnetic wave, Copper, Iron, Manganese, Vitamins C, E, Zinc
  • Masoomeh Zakipoor, Kobra Hajalizadeh*, Mohammadreza Seirafi, Marziyeh Nikparvar, Sedigheh Abedini Pages 35-41
    Background

    Patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) gradually reduce their follow-up treatment due to the vulnerable physical condition and high involvement with the disease-related treatment process. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of intervention based on the protection motivation theory (PMT) on treatment adherence in patients with IHD.

    Methods

    This quasi-experimental research used a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included all patients with IHD referred to the Payambar Azam hospital in Bandar Abbas, Iran for more than once between March 2019 and May 2020. A total of 16 patients were selected through the matched targeted sampling and randomly assigned into two equal groups of experimental and control (n = 8 each). The test group received an intervention based on the PMT in six 90-minute sessions within 45 days. We used the Modanloo Treatment Adherence Questionnaire (TAQ), and the data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) in the SPSS23 statistical software.

    Results

    The results of ANCOVA showed that the intervention based on the PMT significantly increased the treatment adherence and its subscales in patients with IHD (P<0.001).

    Conclusion

    Intervention based on the PMT can be used as an effective intervention to increase treatment adherence in patients with IHD, depending on proper nutrition training, self-care skills, awareness-raising, and relaxation exercises.

    Keywords: Ischemic heart disease, Treatment adherence, Self-care, Protection motivation theory
  • Nahid Soltani, Parivash Jafari*, Mehdi Bagheri, Nader Gholi Ghorchian Pages 42-49
    Background

    Universities of medical sciences, as organizations that ensure the progress of society in the fields of health, treatment, and medical education, have been considered in many ways. The first important goal in these universities is student satisfaction and promotion strategies. Therefore, in this study we presented a model of satisfaction promotion among the students of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Iran.

    Methods

    The population of this applied quantitative research included students of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences. A total of 380 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. The data collection tool included a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed. Decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method, importance-performance analysis (IPA), as well as MATLAB and Excel software were used for quantitative data analysis.

    Results

    The results of IPA showed that the research dimension was of great importance for students and the performance of the university was appropriate in this dimension. Welfare and management dimensions were of little importance, but the performance of the university was high in these dimensions. The administrative component of this dimension was not very important and the university’s performance was not good in it. The support services dimension was very important for students’ satisfaction but the performance of the university was at a low level. As a result, support services had the highest priority for improvement and the welfare, managerial, educational, research and administrative dimensions were in the next ranks for improvement, respectively. The results of causal relationships between dimensions showed that the managerial dimension had the most interaction (impact and effectiveness), followed by research, welfare, education, supportive, and administrative dimensions. The management dimension was the most effective one. According to R-J values, educational and research dimensions were the most effective dimensions, respectively.

    Conclusion

    The results of the present study showed that university policy-makers and administrators need to recognize the basic needs of students in various fields such as education, research, welfare, etc. before taking policy actions, decision-making, and future orientations.

    Keywords: Model, Promotion, Students, Satisfaction
  • Seyed Mohsen Dehghani, Hoda Soofi, Iraj Shahramian*, Ali Bazi, Naser Honar, Arash Mani, Asma Erjaee Pages 50-55
    Background

    Functional constipation (FC) is one of the most common complaints in childhood. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the quality of life in children with chronic FC and their family members.

    Methods

    In this study, 100 children from 2-18 years of age (57 males, 43 females) with chronic FC were selected. The Child Health Questionnaire - Parent Form 50 questionnaire was used for quality of life assessment in children and their family members. Quality of life scores were compared with 100 healthy children from 2-18 years of age. The questionnaire consists of 15 domains, each of which ranges in score from zero to 100. A higher score represents a better quality of life.

    Results

    Quality of life scores in all 15 domains were significantly lower in children with FC than in healthy children (P<0.001). Scores of physical functioning, behavior, and mental health were lower in children with FC and fecal incontinence compared to children with FC alone (P<0.05).

    Conclusion

    FC impacts on quality of life of the affected children and their family members. Practitioners should be aware of its effects on quality of life to improve the disease course with early assessment and treatment.

    Keywords: Constipation, Quality of life, Children
  • Kimia Seddighi, Arash Rahimi, Abnoos Azarbad, Ali Salimi Asl, Masoomeh Mahmoudi, Saba Khanjani Moaf, Hesamaddin Kamal Zadeh Takhti, Masoumeh Kheirandish* Pages 56-61
    Background

    According to the evidence, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with significant mortality among hospitalized patients. Corticosteroid drugs have had different effects on disease-associated fatality. This study aimed to evaluate the corticosteroid-associated mortality rate and its related risk factors in the southern Iranian population infected by COVID-19.

    Methods

    A retrospective study was conducted on the adult population aged≥20 years admitted to Shahid Mohammadi hospital in Bandar Abbas, Iran between February 2020 and October 2020. All subjects were confirmed for COVID-19 by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

    Results

    Among 1610 included cases, 150 (9.3%) died. Also, 58.5% and 58.7% of the total hospitalized and mortality cases were male, respectively. The mortality rate in subjects older than 60 years was 2.5 times higher than patients aged 40 years, which was statistically significant (P<0.001). The results of logistic regression analysis revealed that age was the most significant risk factor for mortality. The elderly patients (>60) had nearly ten times higher chance of fatality than patients aged less than 40 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 9.79, 95% CI: 4.41-21.74). Using corticosteroids independently increased the chance of mortality by 50% (aOR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.06-2.22). Low oxygen saturation (<93%) raised mortality rate by more than 3.5 times compared to oxygen saturation≥93% (aOR: 3.67, CI 95: 2.54-5.31). In addition, ischemic heart disease (IHD) was another remarkable predictor of death (aOR: 2.85, 95% CI: 1.88-4.31).

    Conclusion

    According to our results, corticosteroids had no benefits for reducing the mortality rates among COVID-19 patients. Further randomized clinical trials are suggested to evaluate the effects of corticosteroids on COVID-19-related mortality.

    Keywords: Corticosteroid, COVID-19, Mortality rate, Iran
  • Awat Hasanloei, Khalid Mohamadzadeh Salamat* ID, Seyed Ali Hosseini Pages 62-67
    Background

    As an age-related disease, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by memory loss and cognitive impairment. Although oxidative stress factors increase in AD, exercise and nutrition can have protective and antioxidant effects. This study aimed to explore the antioxidant effects of swimming training (ST) and royal jelly (RJ) consumption in the hippocampus tissue of rats with AD.

    Methods

    In this experimental study, 20 rats with AD were selected and divided into four groups, including control, ST, RJ, and ST+RJ. In order to probe the effects of AD induction on superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), five healthy rats were assigned into the healthy control group. For eight weeks, the ST groups performed ST three times per week (5 minutes in the first week to 60 minutes in the last week), and the RJ groups received 100 mg/kg RJ per day. The Shapiro-Wilk, independent samples t test, and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were used to analyze the findings (P≤0.05).

    Results

    AD induction had a significant effect on increasing SOD (P=0.04) and decreasing GPx (P=0.001). Also, ST (P=0.001) and RJ (P=0.01) had a significant effect on increasing GPx; ST (P=0.001) and RJ (P=0.001) had a significant effect on decreasing SOD. Furthermore, ST with RJ had an interactive effect on increasing GPx (P=0.03) and decreasing SOD (P=0.001).

    Conclusion

    In general, ST and RJ appear to simultaneously improve the gene expression of antioxidants in the hippocampus tissue of AD rats. In addition, the antioxidant effects of ST were more favorable than those of RJ. It appears that different doses of RJ should also be considered.

    Keywords: Royal Jelly, Swimming Training, Alzheimer’s Disease, Antioxidant