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Caspian Journal of Health Research - Volume:7 Issue: 1, Jan 2022

Caspian Journal of Health Research
Volume:7 Issue: 1, Jan 2022

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1401/02/20
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Maryam Shakiba* Pages 1-3

    The principle of natural history of disease is essential to conceptualize disease entities and ways of intervention. In this regard, two complement views can be used in depicting the whole spectrum of the disease called as clinical and preventive perspectives. In this editorial, the two views have discussed with their implication toward creating healthy communities.

    Keywords: Natural history, Primordial Prevention, Primary health care, social determinants of health
  • Elham Ariyazangane, Mohammad Reza Borna*, Reza Johari Fard Pages 5-13
    Background

    Anger rumination affects adolescents’ mental health and seriously damages their functions in interpersonal and communication situations and their social adjustment function in various family, academic and occupational situations.

    Objective

     The present study aimed to investigate the relation of anger rumination and self-criticism with social maladjustment with the mediating role of psychological flexibility in adolescent boys and girls in Ahvaz (Iran).

    Materials & Methods

    This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The statistical population was all secondary school students of Ahvaz in the 2020-21 academic year. The 848 participants (443 girls and 405 boys) aged between 16 and 18 years old, were selected using multistage cluster sampling. The research instruments included the Anger Rumination Scale, Levels of Self-Criticism Scale, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire–II, and Social Development Scale. Multigroup SEM was used to compare the proposed model between the girls and the boys.

    Results

    There was a significant direct relationship between anger rumination, self-criticism, psychological flexibility, and social maladjustment (P<0.001). The findings suggested that psychological flexibility played a mediating role in the relationships of anger rumination and self-criticism with social maladjustment (P<0.01). In addition, there was a significant direct relationship between anger rumination and self-criticism to social maladjustment in boys, while this relationship was not significant in girls.

    Conclusion

    The results suggested the desirable goodness of fit of the final model. Therefore, it is suggested to consider the roles of anger rumination, self-criticism, and psychological flexibility in predicting social maladjustment in students while regarding their gender differences in developing and implementing educational programs

    Keywords: Anger, Self-Criticism, Conflict, Psychological, Adolescent
  • Fitriana Putri Utami*, Ratu Matahari Pages 15-24
    Background

    Backpacker tourists are dominated by young people who have a high adventurous spirit and are happy with freedom. This makes backpacker tourists both local and foreign at risk to engage in risky sexual behavior. In adolescents and young adults, risky sexual behavior that occurs during holidays is also accompanied by an increase in alcohol consumption, that brings more complex health impacts. Lodging has a strong role in preventing risky behavior by backpacker tourists.

    Objectives

    The aim of this study was to analyze the role of lodging managers in preventing transmission of HIV/AIDS in backpacker areas.

    Materials & Methods

    In this qualitative research with a case-study approach, the participants were 20 informants who were selected by a purposive sampling method. Data were collected by in-depth interview and analyzed by content analysis.

    Results

    The role carried out by the lodging manager to prevent HIV/AIDS transmission was identified as to refuse teenage guests who are sexually opposite couples rent a single room and not selling alcohol and condoms. Lodging also did not provide Female Sex Workers (FSW) services and rejected FSW requests from guests.

    Conclusion

    This study identified the role of lodging manager in backpacker tourism area that was considered appropriate to reduce the risk of sexual behavior that can result in HIV/AIDS transmission.

    Keywords: Travel-related illness, Public housing, HIV, AIDS, Tourism
  • Fatemeh Rahimi, Mahnaz Pouresmaeil, Fatemeh Rafiei, Zahra Hazrati- Meimaneh, Farahnaz Sabeti, Najmolmolook Amini, Somaieh Borjalilu* Pages 25-33
    Background

    Medical students make extensive use of virtual social networks, especially in the era of the coronavirus pandemic, so that their health-promoting behaviors may be adversely affected.

    Objective

     This study aimed to determine the relationship between the use of virtual social networks and a health-promoting lifestyle among postgraduate medical students.

    Materials & Methods

    This cross-sectional study was conducted among post-graduate students studying at Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2020. A total of 240 students were included using quota sampling method. Data were collected via valid and reliable questionnaires consisting of socio-demographic information, health-promoting lifestyle Profile-II, and virtual social networks utilization. The spearman test was employed to evaluate the association between virtual social networks and lifestyle.

    Results

    The mean age of participants was 32.21±7.45 and 75.4% were female. The mean score of lifestyle was 138.28±21.18, while the mean score of virtual social networks utilization was (64.55±11.40). There was a statistically significant correlation between utilization of virtual social networks and total score of lifestyle (r=-0.189, P=0.003), as well as physical activity (r=-0.232, P=0.001), nutrition (r=-0.179, P=0.005), and self-actualization (r=-0.154 , P=0.017) of health promoting lifestyle. Linear regression model showed that utilization of internet and social networks (B=-0.37, P=0.02), utilization in the time between 12 pm and 8 am (B=-14.3, P=0.011) were independently associated with Health Promoting Lifestyle score.

    Conclusion

    This study showed that more than half of students had a healthy lifestyle (55%). The average score of virtual social networks used by students was high. Utilization of internet and the time of utilization were independent predictors of Health Promoting Lifestyle score.

    Keywords: Online Social Networking, Health-Related Behaviors, Healthy Lifestyle, Universities, Students
  • Farzin Amini, Khosro Ramezani*, Alireza Maredpour Pages 35-42
    Background

    Gender Dysphoria (GD) affects the personality, behavioral, cognitive, emotional, and metacognitive systems of individuals, and people with GD are more susceptible to psychological disorders. 

    Objective

     The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness group training on the hope and resilience of people with GD.

    Materials & Methods

    This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test, and three-month follow-up design and a control group. The study population comprised all people with GD visiting the State Welfare Organization of Shiraz in 2020. The sample consisted of 30 people suffering from GD, selected by convenience sampling method. We randomly divided the participants into experimental and control groups (n=15 per group). The experimental group underwent eight sessions (90-minute sessions per week) of mindfulness group training. The research instruments included the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and Miller Hope Scale. Data analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA.

    Results

    The mean age of participants was 31.49±9.19 years and 47% were male. Participants in the mindfulness group training showed significant improvement in the scores of hope (P=0.04) and resilience (P=0.03) compared to the control group.

    Conclusion

    The findings indicated that mindfulness training using techniques such as mindful thoughts, emotions, and behavior can serve as an effective therapy to increase the level of hope and resilience in people with GD.

    Keywords: Gender dysphoria, Hope, Mindfulness, Resilience
  • Farahnaz Yazdanpanah, Mostafa Nasirzadeh, Hassan Ahmadinia, Mahdi Abdolkarimi* Pages 43-52
    Background

    One of the most important ways to improve neonatal health is Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF). 

    Objective

     In this study, the determinants of EBF intention were investigated through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in nulliparous pregnant women. 

    Materials & Methods

    This cross-sectional study was conducted among 249 pregnant women in Kerman in 2020. Data was collected using a questionnaire, including, questions related to knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, and the intention of EBF. SEM in Amos statistical software version 20 was used to examine the relationships between the studied variables.

    Results

    The mean age of participants was 26.98±6.16 years and the majority of them were housewife. There was significant correlation between the intention of EBF and self-efficacy (r=0.597, P<0.001) knowledge (r=0.337, P<0.001) and attitude (r=0.344, P<0.001). Breastfeeding self-efficacy was the strongest predictor of intention to EBF (β=0.352, P<0.001).

    Conclusion

    This study revealed that mothers’ breastfeeding self-efficacy was the most important predictor of the EBF intention.

    Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Self-efficacy, Intention, Exclusive breastfeeding
  • Behrooz Mohammadchenari, Fatemeh Sadat Marashian*, Marzieh Talebzadeh Shoushtari Pages 53-60
    Background

    Raising children with Specific Learning Disorder (SLD) is a stressful experience that may influence the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) of parents of children with SLD.

    Objective

     The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of locus of control in the relationship of parenting stress and spiritual well-being with HRQOL in parents of children with SLD.

    Materials & Methods

    This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study population comprised all parents of children with SLD in 2020-21, among whom 174 parents were selected through convenience sampling. The research instruments included the SF-36 Questionnaire, Parenting Stress Index, the Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire, and the Locus of Control Scale. The proposed model was evaluated using path analysis.

    Results

    there was a significant relationship between spiritual well-being and HRQOL, locus of control and HRQOL, parenting stress and locus of control, and between spiritual well-being and locus of control (P<0.01). However, no significant relationship was found between parenting stress and HRQOL. Indirect paths of parenting stress were significantly correlated with HRQOL through the mediating role of locus of control and there was a significant relationship between spiritual well-being and HRQOL with the mediating role of locus of control (P<0.01).

    Conclusion

    This study revealed that locus of control is a significant mediator in the relationship of parenting stress and spiritual well-being with HRQOL in parents of children with learning disorder.

    Keywords: Health-Related Quality of Life, Locus of Control, Parenting, Stress, Specific Learning Disorder