مجله پویش در آموزش علوم پایه
سال هشتم شماره 1 (پیاپی 26، بهار 1401)

The purpose of this study is the effect of the control factor from Schofield's perspective on the misunderstandings of ninth grade students in algebraic expressions in Komijan city. For Schonfield, control means how to select and use the appropriate resources and strategies to help solve the problem. This research is semi-experimental in terms of practical purpose and method of implementation. The statistical population of this study was 240 people, of which a sample of 50 people was randomly available in two classes of 25 people as a test and control group. The research instrument was a researcher-made test according to the table of misunderstandings and its validity was confirmed by CVR method and the reliability of the questions with Cronbach's alpha coefficient was acceptable 0.756. After the pre-test, 7 extracurricular sessions were performed for each group. To collect statistical data, a post-test with Cronbach's alpha of 0.784 was performed on the two groups and the data collected by t-test were analyzed with a significant level of p <0.05. The results showed that strengthening control skills According to Schonfield, it is effectivein reducing students' misunderstandings in solving problems related to algebraic expressions.

The present study was conducted in the fourth and fifth grade elementary textbooks with the aim of examining the level of attention to the subject of health education. The research method was descriptive and content analysis with Shannon entropy method. The statistical population was the books of experimental sciences of the fourth and fifth grades of elementary school in the academic year 1400-1399. The statistical sample was equal to the statistical population. Also, data were collected using a checklist of health education indicators with 12 indicators and 57 sub-indicators. The results of Shannon entropy content analysis showed that from the review of experimental science textbooks in the fourth and fifth grades of elementary school, out of a total of 208 units, physical health index with 40 cases had the highest and family disability and health indices with 1 case had the lowest frequency. The highest coefficient of importance with value (0.172) was related to the index of prevention of high-risk behaviors and the lowest coefficient of importance with value (0.0001) was related to the index of environmental health. The results showed that attention to health education indicators in these books was different. And some indicators have received little attention

The aim of this study was to reduce math anxiety in students using applied and interactive methods. This study was conducted using the action research method on the community of ninth grade students of Shahed School in Yazd in the year 1399-1400. So, one of the ninth grade students who suffers from anxiety; Especially in math, it was selected and studied. The method of data collection in this study was the use of questionnaires, reflective observation, interviews and interactive communication. From the beginning of the year 1399-1400, after the agreement of the school, the problem of anxiety in the student and the ways to solve it through interactive communication were studied. According to the results, the student behaviors studied were greatly improved. Actually the student's entourage witnessed a change in her behavior by observing her reduction in anxiety and apprehension and active participation in the class. Also, the student's high score in the exams was a good indication of her reduction in anxiety and progress in mathematics. The general results of this study indicate the effect of paying attention to individual differences and students 'interest and also paying attention to the application of mathematics in life on reducing students' anxiety.

Scientific books are one of the most important sources for research. Introducing and reviewing the content of scientific books with a research background can offer an acceptable research perspective to researchers in the field of science and knowledge. The book prebiotic chemistry from simple amphiphiles to protocell models, by peter walde, was published by springer international in 2005. Considering the importance of review studies in the creation and development of human knowledge, the present study intends to first briefly introduce this scientific work and express some of its highlights, and finally to briefly review four chapters of the valuable book that is the main purpose of this research. The findings of this study showed a brief overview: The above book has been written in five chapters by different researchers in such a way that each chapter can be read separately and according to the needs of the researcher, which is one of the highlights of this scientific work. Also, the origin of life and its origin on the planet Earth, the formation of living organisms from non-living matter, prebiotic synthesis, etc., are among the main topics in the field of life research that have been emphasized in the above book.

Organisms provide opportunities to engage students and create diverse learning experiences. Among these, human care and treatment of animals can be one of the most important aspects of biology education, which includes a wide range of observational and experimental guidelines; At the same time, encourage and prepare students to continue their studies in biology and medicine. Extracurricular studies such as taking care of animals at home and visiting zoological parks also provide an opportunity to teach animal behavioral, morphological, ecological, and evolutionary principles that are not necessarily found in textbooks but can enhance the content of the books. And at the same time encourage further study and thoughtful reflection. The present review study uses articles from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct; between 1980 and 2021, and the keywords education of biology, animals, experiments, and ethics. The purpose of this article is to introduce, in addition to introducing the benefits of using animals in biology education, the ethical considerations of experimenting on living animals and raising conscious and healthy individuals who value and respect living organisms.

With the global outbreak of COVID-19, there was an immediate shutdown of face-to-face classes and a sudden shift to online learning. While remote learning was a challenge for instructors, the presentation of laboratory classes had become a bigger challenge for the chemistry instructors. An effective method for the education of practical chemistry in virtual courses is the use of kitchen chemistry. The simple activities that students could complete at home, along with worksheets linking their observations to the theory taught in class. The experiments that students can safely perform at home without the need to purchase expensive commercial chemicals and equipment will be economically valuable and cover part of the curriculum. In designing home experiments, three points of simplicity, availability of materials and equipment and safety should be considered. The present study is a review of the activities conducted in the field of kitchen chemistry during the Corona pandemic. The studies showed that students were highly motivated to perform these experiments and achieved learning objectives similar to previous years in face-to-face courses.