مجله زبان و ادبیات فارسی
سال هجدهم شماره 1 (بهار 1401)

Poets have long used various terms and elements to convey their meanings and themes according to their level of knowledge. This application has sometimes led their poetry to difficulty, misunderstanding and ostentation, and sometimes has led to its beauty and literary richness. Akhavan Sales is one of the great contemporary poets. His poetry is informative and this awareness is the product of his study, his knowledge and expertise. Music is one of the arts the Akhavan Sales has called it. In many of his poems, he refers to musical instruments and expressions of music, sometimes making music a livelier for his poetic imagery. The main question of this research is whether Akhavan Sales had a poetic approach to musical instruments and terms? The purpose of this research is to investigate the imaginary imagery in the musical usage of the terms, words and instruments of Akhavan Sales poetry. Studies have shown that Akhavan Sales has well-conceived meanings and concepts with the use of the terms of music, and these applications have given credence to his poetry. In this research, the author has extracted and reviewed abstracts containing the terms of music. These verses are important from the point of view of imagination and poetic point of view. This research shows that the subtleties that the Brotherhood uses in its poetic use of instruments and terms have breathed new life into the body of words and musical words. Evidence of this claim is the themes and images he has created in the poem "Avaz Chegor". The imaginary forms used in his poetry using musical instruments and terms are natural, expressive and full of dynamism. Wherever Akhavan Sales has combined a musical term with imaginary, it has created a meaning beyond its lexical meaning and identified it with that term.

Due to its national and popular origin, research in songs is an efficient way to understand the literature of mass stability. In this regard, historical songs from the beginning to the constitutional period, which have rhetorical features, have been studied and analyzed, and the characteristics of historical songs have been studied, and these songs have been examined in terms of application, content and content by providing examples. The findings of the research show that until a significant incident occurred in the community, anonymous poets immediately composed compositions with taste and put the song on it, and this process continues to this day with special literary beauties. Using song format for political expression shows the awareness of artistic aesthetics to influence the audience. These songs express the pain and suffering of the people and the struggle against oppression, and these songs are categorized into sections of ballads and local political and social songs, including critical local songs and biographies of political fighters. The language of these songs is simple and slang, and since these songs are related to the social life of simple living people, they pay less attention to imagination and the words of these songs are mostly accompanied by musical instruments.

Iran in the constitutional era, along with socio-economic developments and the transition from tradition to literary modernity, along with other trends, is influenced by the school of Romanticism. This descriptive-analytical method examines the poems of "Zohreh and Manouchehr" by Iraj Mirza and "Iraj and Hubare" by Qasem Larbon - the last lyrical poems of classical Persian literature - from the perspective of Romanticism and answers this question. Which system and with what components tends to romanticism? The research findings show that the components of Romanticism, despite its simultaneous emergence in the constitutional era and the idea that it will be prominent in Zohreh and Manouchehr;It is more prominent in"Iraj and Hubare".The emotional romanticism of "Iraj and Hubare" is expressed by the free expression of desires in the realm of morality, and the excitement and emotions of the system with the ups and downs of the story, a narrative of love, joy, sorrow, desire, demand, impatience and wonder. Social romanticism is related to the epic aspect of the system and nationalist ideas. Mythological characters, imaginary journeys, and the frequency of metaphor are also components of the romanticism of Larbon's system.

In the creation and expansion of Islamic mysticism, which is undoubtedly rooted in the Qur'an, the tradition of the Prophet (PBUH) and his close companions, some of the ancient beliefs of ancient Iran, Zoroastrianism, Pahlavi literature, myths and epic and religious stories of the Sassanid era can not be ignored. . The Shahnameh, as the greatest epic work of the Persian language, is a rich treasure trove full of myths of ancient Iran, which has left a tremendous impact on the mystical texts after it. Since the myth contains the story of the ancient people and the manifestation of their beliefs about the creation of the world, beings and human beings, it is closely related to religious and mystical beliefs. Mysticism is also a way of reaching the truth based on austerity, chastity, piety, avoiding impurities and adorning the heart with virtues, to reach the position of nearness to God. The use of symbolic language is a common feature in mythology and mystical texts. This research intends to express the myths of the creation of the world and the first humans, Simorgh and Angha, and Alborz mountains, Qaf and Toor, the course of transformation and the connection of myth with mysticism from ancient Iran and Shahnameh to the stage of perfection and maturity of Iranian mysticism. Islamic show. The method of work in this research is based on comparison, analysis and description.

Arab invasions of Iran is one of most vital and critical events which had been occurred in the ancient Iran. Arabs invaded to Iran during second caliph era and they conquested the different regions of this area. This invasion was one of the bloodiest attacks which Iran had experienced it and Iranian had lost their supremacy and headership and had enslaved by the Bani Umayyah after having defeated against the Arabs and they had been suffered by their racial discrimination policy. Arab invasions of Iran had significantly influenced on the social, economic and cultural status of Iran and it is normal that defeated poor nation is always affected upon the culture and traditions of predominated nation and the Arab invasion apart from taking into account the religious and ritual characteristics of Islam, had tragic and bad consequences for Iran, especially the racial policy of the Bani Umayyah which called the Iranian as Mawali and there was no place for Iranian in any formal positions. Authors in the current paper found that until 5th AH century, Iranian still thought to revive their previous majestic and glorious era and they hardly resisted against the Arabs and literary works of this era especially until 5th century did not affect by the Arabic language and its words and this has been served as a type of resistance against the Arabic culture and language.