مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تربت حیدریه
سال نهم شماره 4 (زمستان 1400)

Sodium valproate is one of the most common antiepileptic drugs used in the first line of treatment for epilepsy, bipolar disorder, mood disorders, and more recently, as an anticancer drug. The occurrence of seizures and the use of Sodium valproate both have sexual and hormonal side effects and ultimately cause infertility in males. In previous studies, the definitive effects of seizures and valproate have not been investigated. This study investigated how sex hormone levels change in male rats due to sodium valproate consumption in the pentylenetetrazole kindling model. 

Twenty-four male rats were divided into three groups (n = 8). Intraperitoneal injections were every 48 hours, and the groups included: control (saline), PTZ + Saline, PTZ + VPA. The priority of injecting drugs in the groups was first saline, VPA (300 mg/kg), and finally, PTZ (mg/kg), and injections were performed every 48 hours. Hormone testing was performed at the end of kindling and at the 15th injection. 

Following the kindling of male rats, a significant decrease in testosterone and a significant increase in progesterone, as well as an increase in estradiol, were observed. VPA injection in male Kindle rats significantly reduced testosterone (P <0.05) (P <0.001) compared to saline and PTZ + Saline groups, respectively. Estradiol levels in the Kindle group receiving VPA increased significantly compared to the saline group (P <0.05). 

The process of seizures disrupts sex hormones. Also the use of valproate aggravates these hormonal and sexual disorders.

Antibiotics are stable compounds with low biodegradability that are generally not removable by conventional wastewater treatment processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of Fe-doped TiO2@Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles in the presence of ultraviolet irradiation to photocatalytic removal of ciprofloxacin from aqueous solutions. 

The sol-gel method was used for the synthesis of Fe-doped TiO2@Fe3O4 nanoparticles and the physical and chemical properties of the catalyst were investigated by SEM, EDX, XRD, VSM and DRS analyzes. Then, the effect of different parameters including pH (3-9), initial concentration of ciprofloxacin (25-75 mg/l) and catalyst dose (0.6 to 0.2 g/l) at different times in photocatalytic elimination of ciprofloxacin were studied.

The results showed that the highest removal efficiency 99.1 % and reaction rate constant of ciprofloxacin the presence of 15-watt UVC radiation was obtained at pH 9, initial concentration of 25 mg/l, catalyst dose of 0.6 g/l and contact time of 60 min, respectively. The stability of nanoparticles after 5 reuses had a good removal rate.

Due to the appropriate removal efficiency of ciprofloxacin by the integrated system Fe-doped TiO2@Fe3O4 + UVC, the application of this process in water and wastewater treatment processes is recommended.

One of the most important aspects of corona disease is the psychological and social spheres. Fear and worry about this disease can lead to social stigma towards people, and even their places of residence. This study was designed to explain the perception and experience of community members of social stigma in the face of coronary heart disease.

This qualitative study with content analysis approach was performed on 21 patients with corona disease, patient companions, non-patients and staff of COVID-19 reference hospitals in Covid 19 reference hospitals in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Sampling was continued without any restrictions until the data were saturated. Text analysis based on content analysis approach was done by setting the initial code, compressing the code in the sub and main classes and finally abstracting more general themes and concepts. The validity of the data was confirmed according to Lincoln and Guba criteria. 

From the qualitative analysis of the data, two main categories emerged: "from self-stigma to social stigma" including: Secrecy, Affected person's distance from others, Social rejection, External stigma , "emotional numbness" including: Non-supportive behavior of the medical staff with the affected person, coldness of marital relations following the infection of one of the spouses, unemotional behavior of the family with the affected person and the final theme of "corona stigma more destructive than corona disease",.

Fear of being in the community, isolation, unemotional reactions and stigma are in the circle of the Corona label. Trying to maintain a physical distance should not lead to an emotional or human distance between us and others.

Patients with stroke are at risk for pressure ulcers. Continuous presence and direct care of the nurse in preventing this complication is not possible in all cases. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of pressure ulcer prevention care training by tele-nursing on the amount and severity of pressure ulcers in patients with stroke. 

This quasi-experimental study was performed on 100 caregivers of patients with stroke and under home care in Torbat-e Heydarieh, Razavi Khorasan province in 2020. Sampling was done in an accessible manner and the samples were randomly assigned to two groups of routine training and telehoning. The tele-nursing group received a 15-minute telephone training program two days a week for one month. Data were collected using a patient and caregiver (caregivers) profile, a pressure ulcer risk assessment form, and a pressure ulcer monitoring checklist. Then, in SPSS20 software, using Chi-square, Fisher's exact, Mann-Whitney and independent T-tests were analyzed at the significance level of p <0.05.

Prior to the training, the two groups of routine training and tele-nursing did not suffer from pressure ulcers. But after training, the frequency and degree of pressure ulcers in the tele-nursing group were significantly lower than the routine training group (p <0.001). 

Based on the results obtained in this study, the rate of pressure ulcer in the telemedicine group was significantly lower than the group receiving routine training. Therefore, it is recommended to use tele-nursing to control pressure ulcers.

Aerobic activities and herbal supplements are used as a methods to control and reduce many diseases caused by oxidative stress, including lung diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of aerobic training and coriander seed supplementation on some indicators of oxidative stress and ATP levels in lung tissue of male rats poisoned with hydrogen peroxide. 

42 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 7 groups: control, poisoning, poisoning+ 5 mg/kg coriander extract (supplement 1), poisoning+ 10 mg/kg coriander extract (supplement 2), poisoning + exercise, poisoning+ Exercise+ Supplement 1, Poisoning+ Exercise+ Supplement 2. Interventions included 8 weeks (5 training sessions per week) running on a treadmill for 60 minutes and injecting coriander seed extract at doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg over two weeks. Tissue concentrations of ATP, MDA and PAB indices were evaluated using special kits and the data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance at a significance level of 0.05.

Eight weeks of aerobic training significantly increased the concentration of ATP and significantly decreased the concentration of pulmonary PAB (P 0.05). On the other hand, only 10 mg/kg of coriander extract caused a significant increase in ATP concentration and a significant decrease in PAB in lung tissue (P<0.05). The interaction of aerobic exercise with doses of coriander seed extract also caused a significant increase in ATP concentration and a significant decrease in MDA and PAB concentration (P<0.05).

Despite the effect of interventions in modulating the effect of poisoning of some indicators, the greatest effect was observed during the interaction of aerobic exercise and high doses of coriander extract.

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal among female malignancies. So far, treatment improvements have affected patient survival, but it is still more important to provide an early diagnosis that can detect the disease in its early stages. Therefore, introducing a rapid, accurate, and low-cost method to disease detection can be important and necessary.

This study introduced a rapid and accurate tool for ovarian cancer detection by its specific biomarker. For this purpose, after modifying the working electrode surface with nanocomposite, the specific single-stranded DNA probe was immobilized on its surface. Then the target sequence hybridization was investigated by measuring the electrochemical oxidation response of methylene blue.

Under optimal conditions, The DNA biosensor showed a linear range from 50pM to 500 nM with a low detection limit of 0.0012 pM. The DNA assay platform was also successfully used to detect target DNA added to blood serum, and its recovery was reported to be between 89.96 and 103.90%. 

The designed electrochemical nanobiosensor can be used for the early detection of epithelial ovarian cancer with desirable sensitivity and efficiency.

Despite the complications of the Managing active second stage delivery, this method is still used. In recent studies, it seems that Spontaneous pushing will reduce the Complications of delivery. Therefore, this study examines pain and duration of the second stage of labor in these two methods.

This single blind semi experimental study was accomplished on 60 qualified women in Mobini hospital Sabzevar. Eligible individuals are selected by easy sampling method and then were divided into one of two groups based on the mother's desire. In the pushing active group, with the onset of contractions, Mother breathes deeply and then holds the breath and push ten seconds. In the pushing Spontaneous group, the mother does not actively push with the onset of contraction. Then the mothers were taken to the delivery bed. The length of the second stage of labor is measured and Pain grading scale was completed one hour after delivery. Data were analyzed with SPSS software version 16, T tests and chi-square.

In the pushing Spontaneous group, the pain labor (p=0.01) and grade 1 perineal rupture (P=0.03) was less, duration of the second stage of labor was shorter (p=0.001), and healthy perineum was higher (P= 0.01) than the pushing active group. 

Since the pushing Spontaneous method reduces pain and causing shortens the duration of the second stage of labor, therefore it is advisable to use this method in the second stage of delivery

Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common endocrine disorders, which can include Lack of blood sugar control, multiple cardiovascular problems, and decreased cognitive function . The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a combined exercise course physical fitness, cognitive function and glycemic control in women with type 2 diabetes.

21 female participants with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into training (12) and control (9) groups.The combined exercise training program included aerobic, resistance and balance training that were performed for 12 weeks (3 sessions per week). Before and after the training period, fasting blood samples were taken from all subjects to measure serum HbA1c and glucose. Also, VO2max, static and dynamic balance and upper and lower body muscle strength were measured. Cognitive function was assessed using Digit symbol substitution and Forward digit span tests. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance at the significant level of P <0.05.

Glycosylated hemoglobin and glucose levels in the intervention group showed a significant decrease compared to the control group. Except for static balance in the experimental group, physical fitness improved significantly compared to the control group. Cognitive function did not show a significant change between the two groups. 

Combined exercise can improve fitness and glycemic control in women with type 2 diabetes. These training have no effect on cognitive function.