نشریه روانشناسی اجتماعی
سال نهم شماره 62 (زمستان 1400)

The aim of this study was to analyze the exploratory factor analysis of the scale of the effective human communication from the perspective of the Holy Quran. The research method was descriptive-analytical validation. The study population was all of the verses of the Holy Quran, from which an attempt was made to extract themes related to effective human communication and to validate the obtained scale. Therefore, using the Tafsire Noor, 419 verses were identified and in the next steps, items related to effective human communication were extracted from these verses. Exploratory and factor analysis methods were used to analyze the data. Also, the output results of the topics were evaluated with the opinion of expert professors in the field of Quranic sciences, which showed their acceptable validity. In addition, the Holstay method was used to obtain the reliability of the scale, based on which its reliability was 0.892. Finally, interactive virtue, liberalism in communicative discourse, assertive communicative action, structured speech, and effective listening were extracted and validated from the scale of effective human communication. Based on these results, the scale of effective human communication from the perspective of the Holy Quran can be used as a valid and reliable structure in sociological, psychological and human relations research. . The results show that the adaptation of effective human communication of human beings with the principles of the Holy Qur'an requires that there be human beings with a pure nature. This means that the components of the interactive nature of the interactor in this study should be at the highest level. But this good character is not enough on its own. Rather, they should have a skill called effective listening. When people benefit from effective listening, they should have a developed mind. This means that their personality is such that liberalism is crystallized in their speech, which is important from the perceptions of the people who communicate. Such a person is a liberal human being, and when a human being becomes a liberal, two other characteristics must be acquired in human communication. First there is daring in speech. This means that man finds very daring speech. In the continuation of such a person, she becomes a human being whose language and communication has become very structured and has been created in a wonderful communication style.

The aim of this study was to investigate the causal relationship between psychological hardiness and perceived social support with psychological well-being and the mediating role of fear and anxiety of corona disease in students with a history of coronavirus and students without a history of the disease. The research design was descriptive-correlational through structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population of the study included all students of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in 2020-2021. From this population, 250 students were selected by convenience sampling method. The instruments used in this study included the Kiamarsi et al.’ Psychological Hardness Scale (1998), Zimet et al.’ Perceived Social Support Scale (1990), Weisi et al.’ Fear of Disease Coronaviruses Scale (2020), Alipour et al.’ Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (2020), and Ryff and Keyes’ Psychological Well-Being Scale (1995). The goodness of fit of the proposed model was examined through structural equation modeling (SEM), using Amos-24 software packages. Indirect effects were also investigated using the bootstrap method. Also, comparison between students with a history of coronavirus and students without was performed by multi-group modeling structural equations in AMOS-24 software. The results showed that psychological hardiness, perceived social support, fear of corona disease, and anxiety of corona disease have a direct effect on psychological well-being (p<0.05). Also, the findings showed that anxiety of corona disease mediated the relationship between psychological hardiness and psychological well-being (p<0.05). Finally, the results showed that the path of anxiety of corona disease to psychological well-being is stronger in students with a history of coronavirus than students without a history of coronavirus (p<0.05). In general, according to the findings of this study, anxiety and fear of diseases such as coronavirus are factors affecting psychological well-being, but positive traits such as psychological toughness and perceived social support are also important factors affecting people's mental health and well-being.

The aim of this study was to Comparison of the effectiveness of Emotion-Focused couple therapy and solution-focused therapy on forgiveness and marital distress of couples seeking divorce referring to family social emergencies in Tehran in 1399. The research method is quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design with control and follow-up groups. The statistical population of the study consisted of all couples referring to family social emergencies in Tehran, from which 45 people were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly divided into two experimental groups (15 people in each group) and one control group (15 people) were appointed. The experimental Emotion-Focused couple therapy was trained for 10 sessions of 60 minutes and the experimental solution-focused therapy was trained for 10 sessions of 60 minutes and the control group remained on the waiting list. The instruments used in the present study included the Interpersonal Forgiveness Questionnaire (Ehteshamzadeh et al., 2010) and marital distress (Malach Paynes, 2005). Analysis of information obtained from the questionnaire was performed in two descriptive and inferential sections (independent and paired t-test and multivariate analysis of covariance). The results showed that both Emotion-Focused couple therapy and solution-focused therapy are effective on forgiveness and marital distress of couples seeking divorce referring to family social emergencies. The difference is that Emotion-Focused couple therapy has a greater effect than the solution-focused therapy on the forgiveness and marital boredom of couples seeking divorce referring to family social emergencies. According to the findings, two approaches of Emotion-Focused couple therapy and solution-focused therapy can be used as effective, low-cost and effective approaches with wide applicability in improving forgiveness and repairing relationships between couples with marital boredom.

This study aims to investigate students' views on the use of Instagram during the Corona and as a platform for writing written text using qualitative research methods. In this study, 30 second semester English language students in the Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz have been used. Students participated in the writing class and the survey technique was used with open questionnaire tools to collect data. The results show that almost all students have a positive view of Instagram as a platform for writing text. Participating students found that Instagram was a fun, easy, and effective way to write text. However, a number of students also cited barriers to its use, such as the slowness of the Internet and the issue of IT privacy. Therefore, it can be concluded that Instagram can be one of the useful educational media, especially for writing, provided it is used and monitored properly.

Marital relationship is a stable and intimate relationship and a source of support and pleasure for people. Satisfaction with the marital relationship causes a feeling of happiness and intimacy in the couple. The family, which is the core of society, is successful in establishing a marital relationship. Promotes secure attachment, caring behaviors, and tolerance with your spouse. These behaviors play a role in increasing marital adjustment and invigorating marital life. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the modeling of communication patterns based on attachment styles mediated by coping styles The research method of this study is descriptive-survey-correlation; The statistical population of this study included students studying and married in Islamic Azad universities of Tehran province who had been married for at least 2 years. Using Cochran's formula, 385 people were selected by convenience sampling method and answered the Christensen and Salavi (1984) Communication Patterns Questionnaire, Bell (1995) Thematic Relationships Questionnaire and Lazarus (1988) Coping Style Questionnaire. Structural equation was used. EMOS software and version 26 of SPSS software were used for statistical tests. Findings showed that only the dimension of insecure attachment and self-centeredness of thematic relationships have a significant relationship with problem-oriented coping. According to Baron-Kenny algorithm, since the insecure and self-centered attachment path to the problem-oriented coping style, the problem-oriented coping has a significant relationship with the communication patterns. 3% and emotion-oriented coping 1.3% explain the variance of communication patternsThe results showed that communication patterns can be predicted based on thematic relationships or mediation of coping styles.

The prevalence of cosmetics from the beginning of their production in women is much higher than men, and the content produced in the media usually teaches women to meet the socially constructed standards of beauty. Today, the excessive use of cosmetics among Iranian women and girls has become a critical psychosocial issue. Therefore, the present study aimed to test the media use model to use cosmetics concerning the mediating role of internalization of media patterns, beliefs about appearance, and body image concerns. For this purpose, 324 female students of the University of Isfahan were selected as the research sample using cluster sampling method and responded to the Media Consumption (Revised) and Beliefs about Appearance Scales, Body Image Concerns Inventory, and Socio-Cultural Attitudes to Appearance (Third Edition) and Compensatory Tendencies and Behaviors for Beauty and Fitness Questionnaires. The research model tested using structural equation modeling analysis, and the significance of the model effects evaluated using the bootstrap method. Data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software. Testing the model showed that the size of the fit indices for the model is desirable and this model has a good fit with the experimental data. Also, bootstrap results showed that all model effects are significant. In general, the results of the present study support the importance of the role of internalizing media patterns and body image concern in the tendency of Iranian women to use cosmetics. These results explained in the research and theoretical context, and suggestions made in this regard.

Identities, traits and characteristics, social relationships, maps and membership in social groups are what determine a person's identity. Modern identity has arisen from new developments that along with the changes resulting from globalization and scientific and technological advances, have occurred in various dimensions of the bio-world of actors and human agencies, and every day we see the spread of this type of identity in the regions. We are different in the world. Correspondingly, individuals' perceptions of themselves, others, and the international community, especially among young people, are changing. This study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting the increasing tendency to modern identity among the youth of Ahvaz. Therefore, 384 young people aged 18-42 living in Ahvaz were interviewed using a quantitative method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that was distributed among these individuals and the data were collected. Findings show that the variables of age, gender, education, socio-economic status, new leisure spending styles and the use of virtual social networks, affect the strengthening of modern identity. According to the results of multivariate regression analysis, the strongest relationship is the relationship between the use of virtual social networks and modern identity with a beta value of 0.305. Accordingly, the use of virtual social networks has been effective on the tendency of young people to modern identity and its dimensions; That is, by increasing or decreasing the use of these networks, the tendency of young people to modern identity and its dimensions will be strengthened or weakened. Among the dimensions of modern identity, only the variable of progressiveness had no significant relationship with the use of virtual social networks. In total, the above factors explain 0.517% of the tendency of young people towards modern identity.

Coronavirus is a phenomenon which has caused crisis to the world due to its spread speed and its uncontrollable traits, threatening the health of millions of people considerably. Coronavirus has created a general medical crisis which requires an appropriate emergency response. Although this crisis has a merely medical nature related to the health system, it has led to a psychological crisis around the world. The Coronavirus pandemic and the lockdown have left various effects on the psychological social aspects of people in society. During the past few months of the spread of this virus, numerous studies have been conducted on its psychological consequences in society and its psychological consequences have been discussed from different aspects. Hence, the current study predicted anxiety caused by corona disease based on the psychological and social dimensions. The research statistical population included the students of Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch. By means of Cochran formula, 237 were selected as the statistical sample size and assessed by available sampling method. Data were collected using Ryff’s Psychological-Wellbeing (PSW) Questionnaire (1995), Social Health Questionnaire by Safāri-Nia (2014), and Corona Disease Anxiety Scale by Alipour (2019). To analyze the data, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis by SPSSV22 software were employed. The results revealed a significant association between psychological wellbeing and social health and anxiety caused by Corona disease and about 36% of the variable of anxiety caused by Corona is explained by the dimensions of solidarity and social participation, positive communication with others, as well as personal growth. According to the results, the more and better a person has psycho-psychological well-being and social health, the less they will suffer from inappropriate and false anxiety.