Razavi International Journal of Medicine
Volume:10 Issue: 2, Spring 2022

Marital infidelity is a traumatic interpersonal accident that can lead to cognitive, emotional, and behavioral symptoms in the victim. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of couples' relationship enrichment training with the EFT emotion-focused approach on insecure attachment styles in women and men faced with spousal infidelity. The method of the study was a semi-experimental pre-test, post-test, follow-up with the control group. The statistical population of this study was all men and women who were referred to counseling centers in Tehran in 2019-2020 due to spouses' infidelity. By convenience sampling method, 40 people were selected and randomly divided into an experimental and control group. The Control group did not receive the intervention. Data were collected based on an attachment styles questionnaire (Hazen & Shaver, 1987), and a multivariate covariance analysis test was used to eliminate the effect of pre-test using SPSS software. The results showed that emotion-focused training affected the scores of insecure attachment styles (P<0.01). The results also showed that the method of training was to enrich couples' relationships with an emotion-focused approach in the follow-up phase (P<0.01). Therefore, based on the findings of this study, it can be said that the method of training couples' relationship enrichment focused on the emotion-focused approach is an effective model in women and men affected by spousal infidelity and can be used as one of the therapeutic or educational methods in couple therapy programs.

Hypertension is a chronic disease that requires long-term treatment, which, despite being asymptomatic, leads to fatal complaints and complications. The aim of this study was to show the effectiveness of stress immunization on resilience and anger rumination and perceived stress in women with hypertension. The present study was quasi-experimental research using a pre-test, post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this study consisted of all women with hypertension in Tehran in 2019. The sample consisted of 30 people who were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to experimental (n=15) and control groups (n=15). Data were obtained using Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale (2003), Anger Rumination Questionnaire (2001), Cohen et al. Perceived Stress Scale (1983), and blood pressure gauge. For data analysis, the Mancova method and variance analysis with repeated measurement and SPSS.22 software was performed. The results showed that the effectiveness of stress immunization was effective on resilience (P<0.001) and anger rumination (P<0.001) and perceived stress (P<0.001) in women with hypertension. It can be concluded that stress immunization was effective in increasing resilience, reducing anger rumination, and perceived stress in women with hypertension.

Functional gastrointestinal disorders are a class of medical patients that are characterized by unknown causes, questionable diagnostic queens, long-term and unpredictable periods of sickness. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of rational-emotional-behavioral group therapy on experiential avoidance and emotional expression in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. The present study was semi-experimental research with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up with the control group. The statistical population consisted of all patients with irritable bowel syndrome in Rouhani Hospital of Babol in 2019, among whom 30 patients with irritable bowel syndrome volunteered to participate in the study were randomly assigned to two experimental groups (n=15) and Control (n=15). Data were obtained using Peacock and Long Questionnaire (1990), Bund et al. Empirical Avoidance Questionnaire (2007), and King's and Owens' Emotional Expression Questionnaire (1990) in the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stages. The rational-emotional-behavioral group training protocol was performed in 12 sessions (one session per week) for 90 minutes. Data were analyzed using repeated measure analysis of variance method and the above statistical analysis was performed using SPSS.22 software. The significance level of the tests was considered 0.05. The results showed that rational, emotional-behavioral therapy was effective on decreasing experiential avoidance (P<0.001) and increasing emotional expression (P<0.001) in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. It can be said that rational-emotional-behavioral group therapy was effective on experiential avoidance and emotional expression in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Rational-emotional-behavioral group therapy can be used to reduce psychological problems in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

breast cancer is one of the most common types of chronic disease in women, while mental health, maintenance, and stability of women for their role in the family and sometimes, the responsibility of their employment in society is highly significant. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy and compassion-focused therapy on the self-worth and psychological well-being of breast cancer patients. The present study was a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test designs with the control group. The statistical population consisted of 45 women with breast cancer who were referred to Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital in Tehran in the second half of 2018 who were selected by convenience sampling method. To collect data and information, Psychological Wellbeing Questionnaire (1980), and self-worth questionnaire Cracker et al. (2003). The obtained data were analyzed using multivariate and univariate analysis of variance by spss.22. There is a significant difference between the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy and compassion-focused therapy on psychological well-being (P<0.01), and self-worth (P<0.01). Positive psychotherapy was more effective than compassion-focused therapy on psychological well-being and self-worth. Positive psychotherapy is more effective than compassion-focused treatment due to providing more appropriate and favorable conditions for women's health, so strengthening and developing positive psychotherapy for chronic patients such as cancer; is a positive step towards success that needs to be given more attention by the health authorities.

This study aims to evaluate the macular thickness and vasculature changes with a readily available method named Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT-A) in patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy people. The present cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 at the Ibn-e-Sina Psychiatry Hospital of Mashhad. Twenty-Two cases of schizophrenia, treated with risperidone and age-matched 22 healthy individuals, were participated in the study. The disease severity assessment was scaled with the Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) test. All participants underwent complete ophthalmic examination and OCTA imaging. There was a statistically significant difference for fovea full-thickness (P=0.021) and parafovea full retinal thickness (P=0.029) between schizophrenic and healthy subjects. Fovea full retinal thickness, parafovea full retinal thickness, Fovea vessel density, and parafovea vessel density in patients with markedly ill schizophrenia, were significantly lower than the moderately ill subgroup (P=0.027, P=0.017, P=0.034, P=0.015). We proposed that retinal neural and vascular tissues can be used as a research model in schizophrenia. We found a significantly lower foveal and parafoveal thickness in patients with schizophrenia than in healthy subjects, but it does not necessarily mean that there is a degenerative process in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.

The academic performance is one of the most essential criteria in evaluation of students and is influenced by different factors. This study has aimed at investigating the mediating role of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies in the relationship between maladjustive perfectionism with academic performance. Sample consisted of 329 male and female students of 2th course of high schools of Kashan City who were selected by multi - stage random sampling. In order to collect information students' last semester grade point average was used to measure academic performance, Hill Perfectionism Questionnaire (2004) and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (2001). The results indicated that there was a significant negative correlation between academic performance with maladjustive perfectionism (r = -0.15, p <0.01) and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategy (r =-0.18, p<0.01). The overall effect of maladjustive perfectionism on academic performance is also significant. While the direct effect of maladjustive perfectionism on academic performance is not significant. Finally, maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies mediate the relationship between maladjustive perfectionism and academic performance. The findings of the present study on the relationship between maladjustive perfectionism and maladaptive and academic performance with the mediating role of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation have empirical implications for educational-therapeutic interventions.

Women victims of domestic violence are not in a favorable situation in terms of psychological and emotional components. The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and Emotion-Focused Therapy therapies on psychological well-being in married women victims of domestic violence. The method of this study was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with control group. The statistical population included all women victims of domestic violence who were referred to counseling centers in Tehran in 2019, from which 60 people were selected by purposive sampling and in three groups of 20 people were allocated. The domestic Violence Questionnaire and Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale were used to collect information. The experimental groups underwent cognitive behavioral therapy (8 sessions of 90 minutes) and Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT) (8 sessions of 90 minutes); Data were analyzed using repeated measure analysis of variance by SPSS.23. The results showed that both cognitive-behavioral therapy and emotion-oriented therapies were effective in increasing psychological well-being in married women victims of domestic violence (p<0.005) and this effect was lasting over time but between cognitive therapies. Behavioral and Emotion-Focused Therapy on the increase of psychological well-being in married women victims of domestic violence, there was no significant difference. Considering the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and Emotion-Focused Therapy therapies on psychological well-being in married women victims of domestic violence, it is recommended that psychologists, therapists, and counselors, after undergoing the necessary training, use these therapies to Reduce the psychological problems of this vulnerable group.

Observing self-care activities have a great impact on the physical and mental performance of patients with diabetes. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on diabetes self-management and HbA1C level in patients with type 2 diabetes. The method of this study was applied and quasi-experimental designs of pre-test-post-test and follow-up with the control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of 25-55 years old diabetic patients referred to one of the health centers in Ghaemshahr in 2020, among which 30 people were selected by purposeful sampling method and were assigned to two groups of cognitive-behavioral therapy (n=15) and control group (n=15). Data were obtained through Tobert and Glasgow Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (2002) and glycosylated hemoglobin test (HbA1c). Repeated measure analysis of variance and SPSS.22 software were used for data analysis. The results showed that the cognitive-behavioral group had a significant effect on diabetes self-management and hypoglycemia (p<0.001). Also, the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on diabetes self-management and HbA1C levels in patients with type 2 diabetes remained stable three months after the intervention. It can be concluded that cognitive-behavioral therapy was effective on diabetes self-management and HbA1C level in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Considering the important role of psychological and family factors in the occurrence or prevention of addictive behaviors, this study aimed to determine the role of family resilience, meaning in life and differentiation in Distinction between smoking and non-smoking students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Iran. This research is a case-control study. The statistical population of the present study was students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences in the academic year 2019, from which 80 smokers and 80 non-smokers were selected as the research sample using the available sampling method. In this study, family resilience, meaning in life and differentiation questionnaires were used to collect data. For data analysis, discriminant analysis method was used with SPSS.21 software. The results showed that 66% of the variance of family resilience, meaning in life, differentiation for the only discriminant function explained by the difference between the two groups of smokers and non-smokers. Considering the high average of family resilience, meaning in life, and differentiation in non-smoking students, we can conclude that family resilience, meaning in life, and differentiation have a significant role in distinguishing between smoking and non-smoking students.

Major depressive disorder (ADHD) is associated with emotional, motivational, cognitive, behavioral, and biological symptoms. Depressed people have negative emotional experiences and are usually unhappy, frustrated, distressed, impatient, and discouraged. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy on emotional, cognitive, motivational, and biological symptoms of major depressive disorder. The present study was semi-experimental research with pretest, posttest, and follow-up design. The statistical population of the study consisted of all patients referred to counseling and psychological center of a beautiful mind in Bojnourd city in 2019-20, among which 30 people were selected using purposeful sampling method and were assigned to two experimental groups (n=15) and control group (n=15). Data were obtained using a researcher-made depression questionnaire. Data were analyzed using repeated measure analysis of variance and SPSS.24 software. The results showed that emotion-focused couple therapy was effective in reducing emotional symptoms (P<0.01), cognitive (P<0.01), motivational (P<0.01), and biological symptoms (P<0.01) of major depressive disorder. It can be concluded that emotion-focused couple therapy is effective in reducing emotional, cognitive, motivational, and biological symptoms of people with major depressive disorder and this treatment can be used to improve the problems of depressed individuals.

Asthma is one of the inflammatory and chronic respiratory diseases associated with clinical symptoms of wheezing, coughing, and dyspnea.

The present study investigated the mediating role of resilience in the relationship between perceived stress and social support with self-care in asthmatic patients.

The present study was a correlation and structural equation modeling. The statistical population consisted of all asthmatic patients in Gorgan (Iran) in 2021. The study sample was asthmatic patients referred to the asthma clinic of Sayyad Shirazi Hospital in Gorgan, which according to the observed variables (75 questions) 375 people were considered that were selected by convenience sampling. In the end, 368 complete questionnaires were analyzed. The research instruments were Connor and Davidson's Resilience Questionnaire (2003), Cohen et al.'s Standard Perceived Stress Questionnaire (1983), Zimet et al.'s Social Support Questionnaire (1988), and Shigog et al.'s Self-Care Behaviors Questionnaire (2001). Data analysis was performed using the path analysis method by Amos.22 and SPSS.22 software.

The results of model analysis using fit indicators showed that the final model modified with the data has a good fit (RMSEA=0.069, GFI=0.91). Also, the results of mediating role showed that resilience has a significant mediating role in the relationship between social support and perceived stress with self-care in asthmatic patients (P<0.01).

It can be concluded that resilience has a mediating role in the relationship between perceived stress and social support with self-care in asthmatic patients.

One of the main topics raised in sports psychology that affects athletes' performance, especially at championship levels, is pre-match anxiety and its effect on the psychological states and motor skills of athletes. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of guided mental imagery training on improving reaction time and reducing competitive state anxiety in karate athletes. This study's method was applied, and its method was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all karate athletes in Tehran in 2019. The convenience voluntary sampling method was selected and assigned to the guided mental imagery group (n=15) and control group (n=15) using a simple randomization method. In this study, data were obtained using a competitive anxiety questionnaire (1990) and a reaction time meter. Data were analyzed using repeated variance analysis and SPSS.22 software. The results showed that the effectiveness of guided mental imagery training affects improving reaction time (P<0.001) and reducing competitive state anxiety (P<0.001) in karate athletes. It can be concluded that guided mental imagery training effectively improves reaction time and reduces competitive state anxiety in karate athletes. This training can be used to improve karate athletes' psychological problems.

Infertility is associated with feelings of lack of sexual self-efficacy, decreased self-confidence, and self-confidence in sexual function. This study aimed to predict mental health based on sexual self-efficacy and time perspective in infertile women. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The study population of infertile Iranian women referred to centers and hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences whose age was between 20-40 years old which 300 people were selected by convenience sampling method. The research tools included Time Perspective Questionnaire (1991), Sexual Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, and Mental Health Questionnaire (2012), and a multiple regression test was used to analyze the data by SPSS.22. The results showed that with increasing scores in sexual self-efficacy and dimensions of positive past time perspective, hedonistic present, and positive future, mental health increased (P<0.001), but with an increasing score in the dimensions of past time perspective negative and present judicial and somewhat, mental health decreased. Therefore, it can be concluded that sexual self-efficacy and perspective dimensions of time can predict mental health in infertile women.

Because of the consequences of divorce, a woman and even a man may prevent the occurrence of a formal divorce, but in the continuation of their life together, they will adopt another type of divorce which is called emotional divorce. The purpose of this study was to predict emotional divorce by psychological disorders symptoms, Extramarital relationship justification components, job satisfaction and personality traits in male and female physicians. The research method was descriptive -correlational. The research population consisted of all male and female married physicians aged 30 to 45 years old living in Zanjan province and the research sample included 200 doctors (male and female). Data were collected by SCL25 questionnaire (short form SCL90 questionnaire), Glass’s inter-relationship justification questionnaire, job satisfaction questionnaire, emotional divorce questionnaire, and NEO-60 questionnaire. Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Pearson correlation and multivariate regression were used to data analyze. Based on the findings, it can be stated that psychological disorders, the components of the extramarital justification, job satisfaction and personality traits are directly or indirectly affecting emotional divorce or increasing emotional divorce rate. The importance of the extramarital affairs and emotional divorce must be considered and due to the sensitivity of measuring these variables, it is suggested that future researchers use implicit measurement models to assess these variables to deal with limiting the validity of the findings.

It is necessary to help people with diabetes to solve the problems related to diabetes, recognizing the factors affecting their psychological well-being, hope, and quality of life that can be improved by using different approaches. This study aimed to determine health-promoting lifestyle education on psychological well-being, hope, and quality of life in patients with diabetes. The present study was quasi-experimental research was pre-test-post-test and follow-up with the control group. The statistical population of the study includes patients with type 2 diabetes referred to medical centers and diabetes associations in Tehran. The participants were selected by convenience sampling method and assigned to two groups of health-promoting lifestyle training (n=15) and control group (n=15) using simple randomization method. Data were obtained using the Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale (RSPWB), World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire, Snyder Hope Scale (SHS). The health-promoting lifestyle training was performed in 10 sessions (one session per week) for 90 minutes. Data were analyzed using the repeated measurement method and SPSS.22 software. The results showed that health-promoting lifestyle education is effective on psychological well-being (p<0.001), hope (p<0.001), and quality of life (p<0.001) in patients with diabetes. Based on the findings of this study, it can be said that health-promoting lifestyle education is effective on psychological well-being, hope, and quality of life in patients with diabetes.

Melanoma is a malignant tumor that predominantly arises in the skin. In rare cases, however, it can manifest in the bone too. In this paper, a primary malignant melanoma of the lesser trochanter of the right femur is described.In this case, the subject was a 19-year-old woman presenting with pelvic floor pain that lasted for 3 weeks.Magnetic resonance imaging (MDR) showed that T2MRI has bone melanoma soft tissue edema that sustained to malignant melanoma.Immunohistochemistry report revealed that tumoral cells were positive for HMB45, S100, which is suggestive of melanoma diagnosis.The patient was admitted and underwent CNB. Since the result was negative, the patient received a wide local excision from the right lesser trochanter. The histopathological examination of biopsy revealed fibro sclerotic tissue affected by malignant melanoma.The patient was then referred to an oncologist for postoperative adjust chemotherapy and target therapy.

Adolescence is a part of human life in which people face a set of transformational obstacles and challenges. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of positive therapy on self-harming thoughts and psychological well-being in students with dissolved romantic relationships. The present study was semi-experimental research with pre-test, post-test and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of this study consisted of all high school students with the dissolution of romantic relationships history referred to counseling centers in Sari in 2021, from which 30 students with dissolved romantic relationships were selected by convenient sampling method and randomly assigned in two groups (15 participants in each group). Participants completed the self-harm questionnaire and the Ryff Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire in three rounds: pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. The experimental group received 8 sessions of positive treatment and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed using the repeated measure analysis of variance method with SPSS.22 software. The findings of this study shows that positive therapy was effective on self-harming thoughts (F=207.86, P<0.001) and psychological well-being (F=127.69, P<0.001) in students with dissolved romantic relationships. It can be concluded that positive therapy reduced self-harming and suicidal thoughts and increased psychological well-being in students with dissolved romantic relationships.