مجله سلامت جامعه
سال شانزدهم شماره 1 (بهار 1401)

Women with depression have major problems with psychological health. One of the intervention methods for reducing psychological issues is acceptance and commitment therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on anxious thoughts and fear of negative evaluation of depressed women. The present study was applied and quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. Its statistical population consisted of depressed women referred to psychiatric clinics in Sari in 1398. The samples were 30 people from the mentioned community selected using the available sampling method. They were assigned to acceptance and commitment treatment (15 people) and control (15 people) groups by a simple random method to answer the Anxious Thought Questionnaire (Wells, 1994), Fear of Negative Evaluation Questionnaire (Watson & Friend, (1969), and Depression Inventory (Beck, 1961). The experimental group was trained for 10 sessions once a week for 60 minutes, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (analysis of covariance) in SPSS-24 software. The results showed that commitment and acceptance therapy reduced negative, anxious thoughts and fear of evaluation (p<0.001). Eta squared showed the effect of this treatment on anxiety to be 0.38 and fear of negative to be 0.47. Based on the findings, acceptance and commitment therapy is recommended as an effective and complementary psychological intervention in depressed women to reduce anxious thoughts and fear of negative evaluation.

Major depressive disorder is one of the most common psychological disorders that affect a person's performance, leading to several negative side effects. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy on emotional regulation strategies, dysfunctional attitudes, and resilience in women with major depression.

This study was semi-experimental. The statistical population included people with major depression referred to counseling and psychological services centers in Sari. They were selected by purposeful sampling and were randomly assigned to the experimental group (15 people) and the control group (15 people). Eight sessions of compassion-focused therapy were performed for the experimental group, and no intervention was performed for the control group. Data collection tools included the Emotional Regulation Strategies questionnaire (CERQ), Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS), and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Data were analyzed using a mixed analysis of variance with repeated measures.

The results showed that compassion-based therapy has a significant effect on increasing adaptive emotional regulation strategies and resilience and reducing dysfunctional attitudes in women with major depression (p<001).

According to the results, emotional regulation strategies, dysfunctional attitudes, and resilience can be corrected in women with major depression through compassion-focused therapy.

In the successful treatment of addicted people, in addition to drug therapy, serious attention should be paid to psychological interventions. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of cognitive emotion regulation training (CERT) on psychological well-being and cognitive emotion regulation of addicted men in Isfahan city.

This study was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test control group design. The population of this study consisted of all men addicted to narcotics in Isfahan referred to addiction treatment clinics in the first six months of 2019-2020 for methadone maintenance treatment. In total, 60 men were selected by the available sampling method and were randomly divided into two groups. Members of the experimental group received their group-specific training in 8 sessions of 1.5 hours; however, the control group received their routine training.

Mean and standard deviation of psychological well-being and cognitive emotion regulation of the experimental group in the pre-test were 49.77±7.59 and 78.67±6.09, respectively. Also, the mean and standard deviation of psychological well-being and cognitive emotion regulation of the control group were 49.43±7.21 and 79.07±6.00 respectively. According to the results, in the post-test, the psychological well-being score was 84.23±7.61, and the cognitive emotion regulation of the experiment was 86.07±6.10 compared to the control group (49.27±6.90 (F=357.263) and 78.87±6.11 (F=387.054), respectively) (p<0.001).

The results showed that CERT is effective in the psychological well-being and cognitive emotion regulation of addicted people. Therefore, it can be used to increase their psychological well-being and cognitive emotion regulation.

Pregnant women are vulnerable to various types of stress, thus being more exposed to psychological and physical problems than others. Accordingly, educational and psychological interventions for this period are essential for this group of people in society. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness training on a lifestyle that promotes health and ego strength in pregnant women.

The present research is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design. Its statistical population includes all pregnant women, from 25 to 35 years old, in Tehran from the fall of 2019 to the spring of 2020. The sample size in the experimental methods is equal to 15 people for each group. Therefore, 15 people in the experimental group and 15 in the control group are considered. The sampling method is available due to the nature of the research samples. The data collection tools are as follows: a) Walker Health Lifestyle Questionnaire (2003) and b) Igo Power Psychological Questionnaire (PIES). The data of this study are analyzed using an analysis of covariance.

Mindfulness training is effective in health-promoting lifestyle in the component of nutrition (F: 11.812), exercise (F: 8.961), health responsibility (F: 9.187), stress management (F: 9.187), interpersonal support (F: 10.976), and self-fulfillment (F: 11.707), ego power in the component of hope (F: 12.218), love (F: 11.98), loyalty (F: 9.219), care ( F: 9.202), and micro (F: 12.875).

Based on the findings, mindfulness training enhances the health and ego strength of pregnant women.

Divorced women face many health-related problems and require psychological intervention. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and compassion-focused therapy on negative automatic thoughts and feeling of loneliness in divorced women.

This study was quasi-experimental with pretest and posttest design with the control group. The research population included the divorced women admitted to counseling centers in Ahvaz in 2019, among whom 60 subjects were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to three equal groups. Each experimental group was treated using acceptance and commitment therapy and compassion-focused therapy for 8 sessions of 90 minutes. Data were collected in pre-test and post-test stages with negative automatic thoughts and feelings of loneliness scales and analyzed by methods of chi-square, multivariate analysis of covariance, and Bonferroni post hoc test.

The findings showed no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of education level, age, number of children, and duration of divorce (p<0.05). Moreover, compared with the control group, acceptance and commitment therapy and compassion-focused therapy led to reduction in negative automatic thoughts and feelings of loneliness in divorced women (p<0.001). However, there was no significant difference between the two methods in reducing negative automatic thoughts and feelings of loneliness (p<0.05).

The results indicated the effectiveness of both treatment methods in reducing negative automatic thoughts and feelings of loneliness. Therefore, therapists and health experts can use both methods to improve health-related traits, especially to reduce negative automatic thoughts and feelings of loneliness.

As a chronic and debilitating disease, cancer has many consequences, and leading a healthier lifestyle can affect the patient’s health. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of healthy lifestyle promotion training based on cognitive-behavioral therapy on self-efficacy and psychological well-being of cancer patients.

The design of the present study was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest and control group. The statistical population of this study included all cancer patients admitted to Shahid Fayyaz Bakhsh Hospital in Tehran in 2019. Among them, 30 individuals who met the inclusion criteria and were willing to participate in the study were purposefully selected and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 8 sessions (90 minutes each) of cognitive-behavioral healthy lifestyle promotion training and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data collection tools were the general self-efficacy scale and psychological well-being questionnaire completed by self-report. Data were analyzed using the multivariate analysis of covariance.

The results showed that healthy lifestyle promotion training based on cognitive-behavioral therapy significantly increased the post-test scores of self-efficacy and psychological well-being in cancer patients (p<0.001).

According to the results of this study, healthy lifestyle promotion training based on cognitive-behavioral therapy can be effective in the self-efficacy and psychological well-being of cancer patients. Therefore, as regards the health of cancer patients, interventions based on promoting a healthy lifestyle can be used to promote the mental health of these patients.

Due to their poor academic self-concept, students with behavioral problems often make very negative judgments about their abilities and values and experience negative academic emotions, which makes it necessary to provide them with psychological training. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of social skills training based on Timothy Campbell-Comerford theory on academic self-concept and academic emotions of female students with behavioral problems.

The statistical population of this experimental research included all sixth-grade female students in Tabriz in the academic year 2019-2020. 30 students who were diagnosed as having behavioral problems based on the cutoff score in the Conners’ Behavioral Problem Rating Scale (the parent and teacher forms) were selected by multi-stage random cluster sampling and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). Both groups completed the Liu & Wang (2005) Academic Self-Concept Questionnaire and Pekrun et al (2002) Achievement Emotions Questionnaire. Having attended 14 sessions of social skills training based on Timothy Campbell-Comerford (two sessions a week for 7 weeks) in the experimental group, the mentioned questionnaires were completed by the two groups. The results were analyzed using a multivariate analysis of covariance. 

Social skills training based on Timothy Campbell-Comerford increased academic self-concept significantly (p=0.047). Although the training reduced the academic emotions of students with behavioral problems, the difference between the two groups was not significant (p=0.050).

Since social skills training based on Timothy Campbell-Comerford increased academic self-concept and reduced academic emotions, it is recommended that this educational approach be applied.

One of the most important factors affecting the quality and stability of a couple's relationship is sexual satisfaction. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Lazarus Multimodal Therapy on cognitive dissonance and sexual satisfaction in women with ambivalent attachment style.

The research was quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design and a control group. The statistical population included all married women admitted to the Marital Medicine Center of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran in 2020. By available sampling, 30 people were selected and divided into experimental (n =15) and control (n =15) groups. Samples were screened using the Attachment Style Questionnaire (Hazan and Shaver, 1987). Cognitive dissonance questionnaire (Harmon-Jones et al., 2008), sexual satisfaction questionnaire (Larson et al., 1998) were used to examine the effectiveness of the therapy in pre-test and post-test. In the experimental group, Multimodal Therapy was performed in 8 sessions (1 session per week lasting 90 minutes). At the end of the training, a post-test was taken from the groups. Data were analyzed using a t-test (independent and paired) and multivariate analysis of covariance.

The results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of cognitive dissonance, sexual satisfaction, and their components in women, in the pre-test and the post-test (p<0.05). Moreover, Lazarus Multimodal Therapy reduced cognitive dissonance and increased sexual satisfaction in the subjects of the experimental group (p<0.05).

Lazarus multimodal therapy can affect psychological constructs such as cognitive dissonance and sexual satisfaction of women with ambivalent attachment style. It is recommended that more research be done to increase external credibility.