نشریه دستاوردهای نوین در برق،کامپیوتر و فناوری
پیاپی 2 (بهار 1401)

Quantum-dot Cellular Automata are a new nanotechnology and a model of discrete mathematics. With names such as cell spaces, homogeneous structures, cellular structures and constituent structures are also known. In this technology, the electric current is based on the release of information through cells, which has led to benefits such as reducing energy consumption, smaller dimensions and higher speeds. The technology provides optimal conditions in designing a combined and sequential logical circuit. In this paper, using QCA technology, several basic gates and mux2-to-1, with two types of Gate, are designed in two different methods. Design and design are done using Qcadesigner software.

Scattering is one of the main factors limiting the amount of information that can be sent and the distance sent to a fiber. In fact, after attenuation, the most important factor limiting the transmission of optical information is scattering. In this paper, after reviewing the electronic solutions of scattering compensation methods, the pre-grease method for scattering compensation in optical fibers has been introduced. In fact, this method is one of the pre-compensation methods. In this method, before applying the pulse to the fiber, its properties are modified in such a way that the propagation due to "group velocity scattering" is minimized, which is called applying grease to the input pulse. The results show that the use of such fibers for short distance compensation compensates for parameters such as factor Λ and FBG .

The present research sets out to design and develop a digital stethoscope. To this end, the following points should be considered. First, reducing background noise as much as possible is an important design feature of this model. It helps the physician make sure that only the sound of the patient's heart and breathing is received. The second point is about its length. Because both anesthesiologists and surgeons may need to use a stethoscope in the operation room, its lengths should be adjustable. Third, the number of people who can listen to audio signals is also critical. When it comes to typical stethoscopes, only the physician can listen to internal sounds of the human body, but sometimes it is necessary to make the sound audible to all people in the operation room. Finally, it should be light, portable, and inexpensive.
In order to develop a digital stethoscope, the above changes should be made to the acoustic one. The first step toward developing a prototype for digital stethoscopes is to strengthen the internal, faint sounds of the body. Then, it is necessary to not only deaden background noise but also avoid making extra noise using special filters. It is worth noting that filtration and amplification processes should not affect heart and breathing sounds because an exact diagnosis can only be made by considering the very slight differences.

Nowadays, based on human needs, electronic devices can not provide the user wants, so some activities need to do to increase the hardware's ability. Considering the limitations in CMOS technologies such as; short channel, fabrication, Leakage power, and so on. The electronic researchers started an effort to find a solution to simplified CMOS limitations, so they found Nanotechnologies best. one of the notable solutions is Quantum cellular automata. These technologies can provide many advantages such as; fast calculation, low power consumption, nanoscale, etc. In this paper, we try to evaluate basic gates in order to design big circuits. Then we focused on ways to design kinds of memories, especially Static Random-Access Memories. As a result, this evaluation is helpful for these field followers in order to find notable information about this field study to learn challenges and drawbacks about these issues to simplify the way for electronic researchers.

Lithium-ion batteries have a high capacity for storing energy and power. That is why it is very common to use them in fast-charging stations as energy storage. Due to the fact that the battery of a system is closed, it is not possible to accurately calculate the amount of power stored in it. Using the battery charge level indicator allows a relatively accurate estimate of the amount of power and energy stored in the battery. One of the most widely used estimation methods is the Kalman filter and the H-infinity filter. Modeling, determining the exact capacity of the battery, and how to estimate its charge level is one of the most important and difficult techniques to ensure efficient and safe battery operation. Because the capacity and charge level of a battery are highly correlated, it is difficult to accurately estimate charge level without knowing the exact capacity of the battery. On the other hand, battery performance is partly dependent on temperature effects. Using the offline parameters of the battery allows the algorithm to estimate the battery temperature in addition to the battery charge level. This indicator can be used as a control signal by estimating the battery temperature moment.

By developing the distributed generation units, the hybrid micro-grids usage besides the energy storage systems has changed the future of the electricity industry. In addition to the many benefits of the micro-grids, they can undermine security, reliability, stability, and other network indices if not properly scheduled. In this paper, a new attractiveness index is defined in order to optimal schedule the DGs generation and charging/discharging of the energy storage system (ESS) in a hybrid micro-grid. Also, the pollutant emission of the units is considered as the second objective along with the proposed attractiveness index, which constitutes a two-objective optimization problem. To solve this nonlinear and non-convex optimization problem, the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) has been used. The main advantages of this algorithm are the ability to escape the local optimal traps and fast convergence. For further comparison, the Quantum Particle Swarm Optimization (QPSO) algorithm has been implemented. The performance of both algorithms in solving the proposed optimization problem is evaluated on a standard hybrid micro-grid. The results show faster convergence and better performance of the NSGA-II algorithm in terms of the final optimization solution.

Continuous passive movement device after surgery is used to relieve pain, increase general blood circulation in the limbs, reduce edema, improve synovial cartilage joints, delay muscle atrophy, reduce dryness and prevent shortening and adhesions. The system performs linear and controlled motion by a computer connected to the control board of the device with online calculations. An electric motor is connected to the main axis of the system, which controls the movement of the patient's foot. The affected joint moves through a designated arch, guaranteed for a long time. The motor speed control sensor is connected to the motor shaft and the amount of joint movement angle is measured by the sensor. Through feedback and impedance control and motor driver control, linear motion such as damped spring is done slowly. The movements are performed by controlling the amplitude and direction of the force and the pedal of the patient. The pc is connected to the computer to receive the analyzed data through a software system that is sent to the system processor. The computer system also allows extensive data recording, data analysis, and remote monitoring of the patient connected to the network. In this paper, the control angles of a continuous passive motion device are analyzed through mathematical equations and the design method for the knee joint is examined.

Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is a device or software to monitor networks or systems in order to search for malicious activity or policy violations. The most critical challenge in IDS is distinguishing between normal and malicious traffic. The accuracy of IDS has been recently improved through various Learning models. However, the accuracy of the IDS systems still remained a challenge, as attacker and malicious nodes change their behaviors frequently. This research proposes a model to increase the accuracy of the IDS using Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Bat Algorithm (BA). SVM is one of the machine learning algorithms that recently applied by researches for various classification and regression problems and it shows an outstanding performance. Anyhow, the performance of SVM strongly depends on its parameters. In this research, we use BA to optimize the parameters of SVM to increase the accuracy of the IDS. BA has a distinct advantage over other metaheuristic algorithms, BA has the capability of automatically zooming into a region where promising solutions have been found. We evaluate the propose model using Nsl-Kdd dataset. The comparison between one of the recent machine learning algorithms and the present study indicates that the propose model has higher accuracy and better performance than the previous models.

Unfortunately, it is observed that especially in Iran, all insurance organizations are at risk of bankruptcy, to respond to this, to various frauds and scams in car body insurance, building insurance, fire insurance and ... It can be argued that these scams really impose heavy costs on insurance companies. In this study, we addressed one of the biggest current problems in the insurance industry. One or two years have passed since the creation of electronic prescriptions in Iran, but we are facing a high volume of fraudulent use of other people's insurance booklets in order to buy certain drugs or use paraclinical services, etc., which also increases the financial pressures on Insured organizations. In this study, we used data mining techniques to provide a new method to detect cases of fraud in electronic versions in order to receive certain drugs with other people's insurance booklets. The results showed that the use of association rules can accurately detect the relationship between fraudulent behaviors and other characteristics of the fraudster, and the use of random forests compared to other methods and algorithms, can more accurately identify these erroneous cases or lead to abnormal .

The entry of humanity into the fourth industrial revolution in recent years has caused great changes in his way of life. New technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, cloud technology, IoT, self-driving cars, intelligent robots, nanotechnology and biotechnology technologies, etc. are among the important technologies of the new industrial revolution. The technology discussed in this research, which is a promotional scientific research, is the Internet of Things and its application in smart homes. In this article, we will discuss what infrastructure is needed to make homes smarter and what applications this technology has. We will first give a general definition of the Internet of Things and its application in the home. Then we introduce Amazon and the company based on artificial intelligence of this company,