فصلنامه پژوهش های روان شناسی اجتماعی
پیاپی 45 (بهار 1401)

Social anxiety is one of the most important anxiety disorders that have begun in adolescence and continue until the later periods of evolution. It creates social interactions and other performance dimensions of an individual. Hence, it is important to recognize features of people with social anxiety. The objective of this study was to compare maladjusted perfectionism, maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation, and rumination in an adolescent with high and low social anxiety.
  The present study was the comparative and descriptive method. The sample consisted of 329 male and female students of the 2nd course of high schools of Kashan City who were selected by multi-stage random sampling. To collect information, the Connor Social Phobia Inventory (2000), Hill Perfectionism Inventory (2004), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (2001), and Ruminative Response Scale (1993) were used. SPSS22 software test was used to analyze the data. 
The results of this study showed that there was a significant difference between students with high and low social anxiety. The mean scores of students with high social anxiety were significantly higher in maladjusted perfectionism, maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation, and rumination in comparison with low social anxiety. 
Findings emphasize the importance of paying attention to maladjusted perfectionism, maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation, and rumination in adolescents with symptoms of social anxiety. The findings of the present study have an important role in Educational therapeutic interventions for adolescents with high social anxiety.

 Because in stressful situations, how to regulate emotion is an important and necessary issue. Therefore, the present study aimed to mediate the role of creative self-efficacy in the relationship between social intelligence and cognitive emotion self-regulation.

The research was applied in terms of purpose and terms of data analysis method, it was a correlation. The statistical population of the study included all 9040 female high school students in Sari. The sample size was selected by 370 people using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method based on Krejcie and Morgan's table. Data were collected using the standard Begetto (2006) Creative Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, Silvera, et al.'s (2001) Social Intelligence Questionnaire, and Garnowski & Craig's (2007) Cognitive Emotion Self-Regulation. Spearman correlation coefficient and structural equation model with spss and pls software were used to analyze the data.

The results showed that social intelligence, directly and indirectly, affects students' cognitive self-regulation of positive emotions (Adaptive strategies) and negative (maladaptive strategies) students through the mediating variable of creative self-efficacy (P <0.01).

 According to the research findings, social intelligence as successful interaction skills and creative self-efficacy as a belief in their capabilities and abilities play an important role in emotion regulation. Therefore, training courses must be conducted to improve the ability to identify feelings and emotions.

The concept of social health is a concept that has been considered along with the physical and mental dimensions of health. Promoting social health includes areas of social action to develop the level of health. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between resilience and social support with social health with the moderating role of self-compassion in students of Payame Noor University, South Tehran Branch.

 The design of the present study was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the study was all students of Payame Noor University, South Tehran Branch in the academic year 2016-2017. And responded online to the Keys and Shapiro (2004) Social Health Questionnaire, the Neff Self-Compassion Scale (2003), the Connor & Davidson (2003) Resilience Questionnaire, and the Zimet et al.'s Social Support Questionnaire (1988). 

 multiple regression analysis showed that the resilience component predicts 34% and social support 27% of the variance of social health. Also, resilience and social support indirectly and with their modulating role, compassion predicts 24% and 4% of the variance of social health, respectively. Self-compassion also has a 39% positive effect on explaining social health.

 Social health can be enhanced through factors such as resilience and social support, and in the meantime, the more self-compassion people have, the more desirable it can be.

 In all societies, the behavior of children and adolescents is one of the main concerns of the education system and families and social adjustment is the most important aspect of social development that is related to different people as well as career and academic success. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between self-compassion and optimism in students: the mediating role of social adjustment.

 The present study was correlated in terms of the applied nature and design of the present study. The statistical population of the present study included all-female high school students in the city of Islamshahr in the academic year 2021-2022, according to Cochran's formula, 378 people were selected by available sampling to participate in the study. Data were collected using the Self-Compassion Questionnaire (2003), Gettersum Optimism (1982), and the Bell Social Adjustment Questionnaire (1961). Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis method in structural equations were used to analyze the data.

 The results showed that self-compassion, optimism, and social adjustment have a significant positive correlation (p<0.01). The social adjustment also mediated the relationship between self-compassion and optimism.

 Based on the research findings, social adjustment can be improved by designing programs based on improving optimism and self-compassion.

 Socialism as a personality trait refers to presenting a desirable and pleasant image of oneself. Understanding the predictors of socialization leads to a better understanding of the factors that strengthen social interactions. This study aimed to predict Socialism based on social exchange styles and Parenting Styles in students. 

 The design of the present study was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population included all students of the Graduate Center of Payame Noor University of Tehran In the 2020-2021 academic year. 200 students were selected by Purposive sampling. The Socialism Questionnaire Questionnaire (Penner, 2002), the Social Exchange Styles Scale (Leybman et all, 2011), and  Parenting Styles Questionnaire (Baumrind, 1967) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Data were analyzed in Spss-24 software.

 The results showed that fairness and overinvestment exchange style and Authoritative parenting style can significantly predict Socialism in students (p≤0.001). The results of the standardized regression coefficient also showed that justice with a standard beta of 0.35 has the highest predictive power.

 According to the results of the present study, it can be said that fairness and overinvestment exchange style, and Authoritative parenting can explain and justify socialism and can be used to identify the underlying factors of socialization.

The purpose of this study was to present a model for increasing the job engagement of professors of Islamic Azad universities.

The research method was applied in terms of purpose; in terms of data type, it was mixed (qualitative-quantitative); in terms of data collection method or the nature and method of research, it was non-experimental - correlation. The statistical population of the qualitative part of the study consisted of academics and higher education experts. Purposeful approach to theoretical saturation was used to determine qualitative research samples. The second group of the statistical population included 2953 faculty members of Tehran Azad University. 340 members were selected as the subjects using structural equation sampling method. Semi-structured interview tools and a researcher-made questionnaire were used for data collection. The validity and reliability of the tools were measured and verified. The method of data analysis in the qualitative part of theoretical coding was based on the data theoretic method. In the inferential and quantitative sections, tests such as Pearson's correlation, one-sample t-test, structural equation modeling (confirmatory factor analysis) and exploratory factor analysis were used to answer the research questions.

The results of factor analysis showed that the components include, empowerment, attraction, endowment, as constituents of faculty members' attachment, psychological capital components, emotional intelligence, organizational support, servant leadership, organizational identity, sense of meaningful work, as influencing factors and components, such as organizational commitment, work-life balance, job performance were identified as influential components. In addition, mechanisms, facilitators, and barriers to implementing the research model were identified in this study. Finally, the final model of the research was presented which was well-suited.

The results of the research indicated that by reviewing the planning and management of manpower recruitment and retention,revising  the methods of selecting managers, balancing  the use of  external managers and changing  in the leadership style of the University,  the desire work affiliation of professors in  Islamic Azad University can be improved.

Parents have a very important role in the formation of social skills in their children, hence The purpose of this study is to explain the social skills of children based on the Parent's Social Capital and Cultural Capital‎‎of parents concerning the mediating role of coping styles with children's negative emotions (CCNE).

The research method is a descriptive correlation. The statistical population was the parents of primary school students in Yazd in the academic year ‎2020-2021‎. The sample size was 500 people who were selected with the multi-stage cluster sampling method and 419 people completed the questionnaires. Research measurement included ‎ the Social skills rating system, CCNES, Family Social Capital, and cultural Capital Scale. SmartPls3 software was also used to analyze the data by structural equation modeling.

The results showed that social capital, both directly (β= 0.26, P=0.002) and in a process due to supportive (β= 0.044, P=0.009) and non-supportive CCNE (β= 0.033, P=0.013) can predict children's social skills. Cultural capital is directly (β= 0.11, P=0.043) related to supportive CCNE. Social capital can play a significant role in explaining how parents deal with their children's emotions (β= 0.22, P=0.001) and in some way affect their children's emotional socialization. Model fitness indices (NFI = 0.61, SRMR =0.089) also showed that the model has ‎an acceptable fitness. ‎

In general, having more of these social and cultural capitals causes mental and behavioral changes in social actors (parents and children) and these changes are reflected in parents' styles in dealing with emotions as well as children's social skills.

Present study with the aim of identifying affective factors on prosocial behavior is to vestigate about relationship between prosocial personality with social health and locus of control in students of university.
Method of this study is kind of correlation study. Statistical population is all students of Imam Khomeini International University of Qazvin. The sample included 100 people was selected through cluster sampling. Data were collected by Penner's Prosocial Personality Questionnaire, Keyes' Social Well-being Questionnaire and Rotter's Locus of Control Scale. The data were analyzed through backward stepwise regression Pearson's correlation coefficient.
The results show there is a positive significant correlation between all of prosocial personality subscales and dimensions of social health unless Social Responsibility and Self-reported altruism which have a negative significant correlation with Social Contribution, and Perspective Taking which doesn’t have any significant correlation with any dimensions of social health. Also, all of prosocial personality subscales have positive significant correlation with locus of control unless Empathic Concern and Perspective Taking. results of regression showed that locus of control and some dimensions of social health are suitable predictor variables for some subscles of prosocial personality.
Based on findings it can be concluded that improving social health and also reinforcing internal locus of control can increase prosocial behaviors.