فصلنامه ابن سینا
سال بیست و چهارم شماره 2 (پیاپی 79، تابستان 1401)

 Changes in the antioxidant status and changes in the concentration of inflammatory factors through physical activity and supplements are a vague argument for researchers. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of resistance training (RT) with royal jelly (RJ) on the oxidative system of hippocampal tissue in rats with Alzheimer's disease (AD) induced by trimethylettin.

A total of 60 adult male rats were randomly divided into six groups: 1) Healthy control; 2) AD control; 3) Sham; 4) RJ; 5) RT; and 6) RT+RJ. The RT groups performed three sessions of RT for eight weeks. The RJ groups received 100mg/kg/day RJ dissolved in normal saline by intraperitoneal injection for eight weeks. qRT-PCR technique was used to evaluate changes in SOD, GPX, CAT gene expression of hippocampal tissue.

The results showed that the expression of SOD gene in either the RT and the RT+RJ groups had a significant increase compared to the healthy controls (p=0.001). GPX gene expression in either the RT and the RT+RJ groups was significantly increased compared to the AD controls as well as healthy controls (p=0.001). There was a significant increase in CAT expression in the RT+RJ group compared to the healthy controls (p=0.015). There was a significant decrease in CAT in the AD controls compared to the healthy controls (p=0.038).

It seems that the combination of exercise intervention with RJ may have more positive and obvious effects on the antioxidant system in rats with AD.

Cold-water immersion (CWI) is a favorite method for athletes to accelerate the recovery process. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of CWI on blood lactate levels and functional indicators after the repetitive sessions of simulated competition.

In this quasi-experimental study, 12 male taekwondo practitioners of Karaj city by available sampling were selected. They were randomly divided into CWI group and control group (inactive recovery). Subjects performed three simulated taekwondo competitions at one-hour intervals. CWI was performed by local immersion of feet in cold water at 11°C for 11 minutes. Blood lactate levels, fatigue index, heart rate and successful leg kicks were measured. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance using repeated measures factor analysis of variance, dependent t-test, and Bonferroni post hoc test at p<0.05.

The results showed that the simulated competition led to significant increase in blood lactate, fatigue index, heart rate, and decreased successful leg kicks (p<0.001). CWI in all stages of the study was associated with decreased blood lactate, fatigue index, heart rate, and increased successful leg kicks compared to the control group (p<0.001).

According to the results, it seems that CWI during repetitive competitions can help reduce fatigue and improve performance in taekwondo players.

Since the family as a social institution plays an important role in reducing or increasing the psychological problems of individuals; therefore, the present study was done with the aim of  qualitative analysis of family factors affecting emotion regulation in Iranian society.

A qualitative study through inductive content analysis and analysis of latent content was performed. The statistical population included specialists and experts in the field of emotion regulation in Iran. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with purposive sampling method with saturation of 11 specialists.

The analysis of findings led to two main categories of efficient communication processes in the family and dysfunctional communication processes in the family. The results were also divided into six subcategories, including effective family relationships, parenting styles emotion regulation, safe emotional atmosphere andsupport in the family, inappropriate relationships within the family, parenting styles emotion dysregulation and insecurity, and lack of support in the family.

The results showed that both efficient communication processes and dysfunctional communication processes in the family they can affect the way people regulate their emotion in two different ways. Therefore, family counselors and therapists are advised to pay special attention to this issue.

Marital relationships are one of the most important elements in strengthening the family foundation. Resilience, mental health, and social support can be important variables in preventing marital boredom. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of resilience in the relationship of mental health and perceived social support with marital boredom in infertile women.

The present study was a correlational and structural equation modeling type. The statistical population included infertile women referring to the infertility ward of a hospital in Tehran in 2019-2020. Through available sampling, 361 people were selected to participate in the study. The couple burnout measure, the resilience questionnaire, the perceived social support questionnaire, and the general health questionnaire were used to collect data. In the present study, Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data.

There is a significant negative relationship between general health (0.56), social support (0.55), and resilience (0.61) with marital boredom at the level of 0.01. Also, resilience had a mediating role in the relationship of mental health and perceived social support with marital boredom in infertile women (p<0.05).

According to the results, the individual resilience as a moderating variable has a positive effect on the relationship between mental health and marital boredom in infertile women. In other words, mental health at high levels of resilience predicts a reduction in marital boredom.

In recent years, accidents have been a major cause of death and have had serious social, cultural, and economic consequences for human societies. Given that Iran is one of the countries with the highest number of injuries and deaths in traffic accidents, and this issue leads to the allocation of a significant volume of prehospital emergency dispatches to accidents. In this study we reviewed and examined the number of dispatches for pre-hospital emergency services to the traffic accidents in Mashhad city.

The present study was a retrospective longitudinal study and included the number of dispatches for prehospital emergency traffic accidents in Mashhad from the beginning of 2009 to the end of 2018. The statistical method used in this research was time series methods, and all analyzes were performed by R statistical software.

The results showed that 74.6% of the injured were men and 25.4% were women. The mean age of the injured was 30.5±16.3, and 70.3% of the injured were under 35 years old. The seasonal time series ARIMA model (0,1,3) (0,1,1) was selected as the best model, and this number predicted for three years.

The seasonal ARIMA model (0,1,3) (0,1,1) was the best model among others, and the forecast of the number of dispatches for prehospital emergency accidents in Mashhad showed a constant trend for the next three years.

Safety management is the process of determining, analyzing, estimating, and preventing risks, and hospitals need to evaluate it due to the high sensitivity and stakeholder expectations. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the status of safety management in the selected hospitals’ headquarter and clinical settings.

This descriptive-analytical study was performed in 10 available hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2018 with a sample size of 124 people. Data collection tool was a 115-item questionnaire in two areas: headquarters (safety and accident committee, organization, and structure) and clinical setting (operating room and inpatient wards), and its validity and reliability was approved.

The general status of safety management in 10 hospitals was assessed as "moderate", the difference between the mean scores of hospital wards was statistically significant (p=0.003). These scores were inversely and significantly related to the hospital bed occupancy rate (p=0.011), and also a direct and significant relationship was observed between the total scores of the safety and the accidents committee (p=0.005).

To strengthen safety management in the inpatient wards, it is necessary that the referrals be managed and coordinated with the service capacity of wards. It is also necessary to improve the activities of headquarter (the safety and accident committee) due to its direct significant relationship with safety management of clinical wards.

Girls' social anxiety disorder is a common, complex , and debilitating disorder that persists if left untreated. Adolescents with social anxiety disorders suffer from poor academic performance and mental health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on anxiety sensitivity and impulsivity in adolescent girls with anxiety disorder.

In a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design and control group, the statistical population consisted of all students who referred to counseling centers in Sari, Babol, and Ghaemshahr in 2019-2020. The sample selection was done by purposive sampling from counseling centers that were eligible and were randomly assigned into two experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. Anxiety sensitivity questionnaire, impulsivity questionnaire, and social anxiety questionnaire were used to collect data. ACT was applied to the experimental group in eight sessions and finally post-test was taken from both groups.

The results showed that ACT significantly reduced anxiety sensitivity and impulsivity in adolescent girls with social anxiety disorder. This led to a decrease in anxiety sensitivity and impulsivity scores in the post-test (p<0.05).

ACT can be considered as a suitable treatment to solve the problems of adolescent girls with social anxiety disorder.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, hospital staff experienced severe anxiety due to insomnia, burnout, and work stress, which reduced their mental health. In this regard, the present study aimed to investigate the role of resilience and self-efficacy in promoting the mental health of medical staff during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This review was done by searching in the titles and abstracts of articles published in reputable international scientific databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus from February 2020 to July 2021. Finally, 26 articles were selected for comprehensive review and data extraction. The PRISMA checklist was used to review and control the quality of articles.

Nurses and physicians with high resilience and self-efficacy were in good mental health. Factors such as age, gender, marital status, work history, and working in the COVID-19 wards affected the resilience and self-efficacy of the medical staff during the outbreak of COVID-19. Additionally, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, insomnia, and burnout were also the most common disorders caused by COVID-19 in nurses and physicians in the pandemic.

Since we also see the occurrence of widespread psychological disorders such as PTSD and burnout in the medical staff of hospitals in the post-corona era, it is necessary to organize workshops and conferences to increase the resilience and self-efficacy of medical staff.

Bipolar disorder is one of the serious psychiatric disorders that has recurrent and sometimes chronic nature and in most cases requires long-term and lifelong treatment and care. It's obvious that due to physical illness and diagnostic as well as therapeutic measures like surgery, these patients may also require hospitalization and anesthesia in general hospitals. In this report, we described a 51-year-old patient with a 17-year history of bipolar type 1 disorder admitted to a psychiatric hospital and during a period of severe recurrence of manic symptoms underwent surgery due to a wrist fracture. In this case, the important and fundamental point was the complete reduction of manic symptoms after surgery and recovery from anesthesia.