مجله تصویر سلامت
سال سیزدهم شماره 2 (تابستان 1401)

The corona virus, as a pandemic disease, has exposed the world to difficult and critical conditions. In the meantime, the health service delivery system is at the forefront of confronting and controlling this crisis. Given the special circumstances of the crisis and the threat to public health in Iran, the need for creativity and innovation to manage the corona crisis is more pressing than ever. Open innovation is a phenomenon that has a significant impact on the innovation cycle, increasing research and development costs as well as scarcity of resources. By leveraging these benefits and using new ideas, we might be able to manage crises and reduce damage, especially the COVID -19 crisis.The open innovation paradigm emphasizes the success of the organization by using external and internal ideas. The basic idea behind open innovation is that there is an extensive knowledge that an organization cannot access all through its own proprietary research. So, it must leverage other research through the licensing, patenting process or purchase from other companies. In this model, organizations outsource some parts of the R&D process, use external ideas, constantly monitor the new products of competitors and leading companies, and in some cases collaborate with competitors and other research centers.1, 2 In the process of innovation, studies show that the field of health and treatment has taken on an open nature, and partnership with external organizations has become a key factor and a vital capability.3,4 In this way, valuable ideas can originate from outside the organization and the process of successful activity can be achieved through partnerships with external factors.5 Open innovation has a wide meaning in the field of health, 6 which is mentioned below: Technical and clinical innovations: New therapeutic drugs, diagnostic tests, medical devices, software, surgical techniques Process and service innovations: institutions, business models, service models, clinical pathways, roles, education System innovations: Policy innovation, reform of systems

Happiness and vitality are among the essential spiritual and psychological needs of human beings. The main purpose of this study was to present a model of participation in sports activities with the level of social vitality and the moderating role of awareness based on the theory of planned behavior.

In terms of methodology, the presnt study was a descriptive correlational study which adopted survey method for data collection. The present study’s population consisted of 120,000 males and females who participanted in group and individual sports activities and introduced by Municipality of Isfahan. A total of 384 participants including 247 females with an average age of 42±14.1 and 137 males with an average age of 46±10.66 were selected through stratified random sampling as our final sample. In order to collect data, the questionnaires of Oxford Argil Happiness (OHI) (2001) and Planned Behavior of Karimi et al. (2012) were used. Correlation coefficient, regression and structural equations were conducted through using SPSS and Amos softwares version 22 for data analysis.

The results showed that there was a significant positive relationship between willingness to do work and planned behavior of participation in sports activities, planned behavior of participation in sports activities and social vitality (p ≤0.05).

It can be concluded hat by informing people of the beneficial effects of sports, it is possible to plan to establish people's participatory behavior in sports activities and consequently to to promote and maintain social happiness and vitality of people.

Many people with high-functioning autism are not diagnosed and treated until pre-school or early school years. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of high-functioning autism spectrum disorder in 7-12 year-old students in Arak city in order to identify these individuals and prevent further harm by early intervention.

  This Cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 2864 male and female students in the first to sixth grades of primary schools in Arak who had an IQ of 70 and above, using the ASSQ questionnaire between October 2017 and June 2018. This questionnaire is related to screening for autism spectrum, and its validity and reliability were established by Kasechi at the University of Social Welfare Sciences in 2013 in Tehran. Individuals who scored 22 or higher on the questionnaire were identified as having high-functioning autism spectrum disorder.

In this study, 2864 elementary school students with an average age of 9.16 years (minimum 7 years and maximum 12 years) in the first to sixth grades were evaluated. 1.7% of students had high-functioning autism spectrum disorder. The age variable with P.value = 0.003 (The highest prevalence is related to the age group of 7 years with a prevalence of 3.1% and the lowest prevalence is related to the age group of 8 and 9 years with a prevalence of 0.7%) and the gender variable with p = 0.002 (1.1% of boy students and 2.3% of girl students) made significant difference in the prevalence of this disorder and the prevalence of the disorder was higher in girls than in boys.

  High-functioning autism spectrum disorder is a latent disorder with a relatively high prevalence that is higher in girls than boys. Also, this prevalence is not age-related and there is a possibility of symptoms of this disorder at any age.

  Due to the periodic nature and rapid activities of badminton, in addition to paying attention to technical and tactical skills, special attention should also be given to psychological skills, which play a significant role in the performance of badminton players. In this regard, the present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of stress management training through the content of spiritual therapy on sports anxiety of the females from Mazandaran who were invited to the selection camp of the country's adult badminton championship.

  This quasi-experimental research was conducted in three phases of pretest, posttest and follow-up. Considering the purpose of the study, 10 people were selected from the statistical population, and then they were randomly and equally assigned to control and experimental groups. The experimental group participated in a stress management training program which was implemented through 8 group sessions held once a week. Both groups completed the anxiety questionnaire in in three stages: baseline, after training and follow-up. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data.

  The results of covariance analysis showed that the stress management training program with the content of spiritual therapy had a significant effect on reducing sports anxiety of the females playing badminton in both stages of post-test and the related follow-up 45 days later.

Stress management based on spiritual therapy can be one of the effective approaches in reducing the symptoms of sports anxiety along with other medication interventions. The findings of this study confirm the acceptability of the theoretical issues presented in this basin.

Given the current prevalence of COVID-19, the World Health Organization has ordered the implementation of health protocols and social distancing, as well as home quarantine as a way to control and manage the disease. Athletes' physical activity has been affected due to quarantine conditions, so this research was done to evaluate the physical activity of amateur athletes of Tehran National Gas Company in an attempt to provide a solution to maintain physical fitness.

This study was a descriptive-survey research and the data collection tool utilized in this study was a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 15 questions. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were checked by experts and provided online questionnaire by the google form software and was available to individuals. The variables examined in the questionnaire were: current status of athletes 'physical fitness, relationship with the coach, place of residence, physical activity at home, athletes' feelings, training programs, level of family support for Athletes' sports activity, number and duration of training sessions, training intensity, and diet. The statistical population of this study was 100 people. The sample size was determined based on Morgan table, and 70 people were finally selected through easy sampling method and entered the study.

  The results showed that most athletes were in the age range of 51-60 years. Most of the participants were active in the field of mountaineering. The majority of participants in the study had moderate physical fitness compared to the pre-quarantine period.

According to the findings of this study, most athletes in this study had a moderate level of physical fitness. The study suggests that we increase the intensity of physical activities under supervision of coaches to maintain the fitness and increase the health and immunity.

The aim of this study was to identify the components of professional ethics in health education in the field of health of the northwestern universities of medical sciences in Iran.

This qualitative research was conducted through semi-structured face-to-face interviews with 43 experts in northwestern medical universities. Purposeful and theoretical sampling method was used to select the samples. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

On the basis of semantic commonalities, 48 concepts were formed, and placed in six categories of ethical components of implementers in the health education system by the titles of responsibility to the general public, responsibility to the profession, responsibility to employers, responsibility in providing education Health, responsibility in research and evaluation, and responsibility in professional preparation.

 The Vice Chancellor for Health of Medical Universities is in charge of providing, maintaining and promoting the health of the community, moving in this direction by planning, organizing, evaluating and providing health services as wll as using innovative and creative methods. Improving the health of the covered community is one of the major goals of this important unit in the community. The ethical model obtained in the health education system of the health department of the northwestern medical universities of the country has components such as loyalty; responsibility; competitiveness; honesty; respect for others; respect for social values and norms; justice and fairness; empathy with others; liquidity; decisiveness; the trust; Cross-sectoral cooperation; observance of order; positive attitude and commitment.

 The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between perceived organizational support and job crafting considering the moderating role of job embeddedness of nurses in this relationship. The three main dimensions considered for job crafting concept were: task crafting, relational crafting and cognitive crafting.

 This research is an applied one in terms of purpose, and a descriptive survey research in terms of data gathering method. The statistical population of this study was the nurses of hospitals affiliated to Qom University of Medical Sciences. The sample consisted of 269 nurses and the sampling method was random. The standard questionnaires of Slemp &Vella-Brodrick (2013), Eisenberger et al., (1986) and Felps et al., (2009) were used for data collection on three main variables of the study i.e., job crafting, perceived organizational support and job embeddedness. The data were analyzed by structural equation modeling using Smart PLS3.2.6 software.

The findings showed that perceived organizational support had a significant positive effect on the relational (0/651 path coefficient) and cognitive (0/681 path coefficient) dimensions of job crafting. But this relationship for task crafting was not confirmed (0.836 T Value). In addition, job embeddedness had a significant moderating role in the relationship between perceived organizational support and all aspects of job crafting (0/461, 0.472 and 0.642 path coefficients). That is to say, employees with job embeddedness, upon perceiving organizational support, were more likely to do job crafting in all three task, relational and cognitive dimensions.

  Since the results showed that perceived organizational support affects job crafting in relational and cognitive dimensions, we suggest managers of Qom University of Medical Sciences pay due attention to perceived organizational support in the complexity of today's jobs and the need to consider the role of employees in designing their jobs

Clinical guidelines are texts developed to assist both physicians and patients in deciding on the most appropriate health care. This study evaluated the compliance of emergency performance with clinical guidelines at Sina Medical Training Center in Tabriz.

  This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on a case study at Sina Hospital under the supervision of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. In the first stage, as a research tool, a checklist, approved in terms of validity and reliability, was set up to evaluate clinical guidelines. The second phase of this study was cross-sectional, conducted in a period of one month. All medical records of people referring to level 1 and 2 triage were reviewed based on the checklist and the data were entered into SPSS software, and since the normality of the data was confirmed, descriptive statistics and parametric tests (t-test and ANOVA) were used to analyze the data.

Considering the mean (1.72 ± 0.097) in this study, the adherence to clinical guidelines seems to be higher than average. The results also showed that there was no significant relationship between any of the demographic variables and the mean score of total compliance with the guidelines (P-value> 0.05). However, among other variables, a significant relationship was found between the place of the patient's visit as well as the type and time of patient assignment on the one hand and the average score of total compliance with the guidelines (P-value<0.05). With regard to the results of the regression test, patient’s place of visit was the only appropriate variable to predict the average of the total observance of emergency clinical guidelines (P-value<0.05).

 Considering the effect of influential variables such as location of the patient's visit, the time and type of patient assignment on the observance of the guidelines and the increasing improvement of the situation of these variables, the average observance of clinical guidelines can be improved further

 The level of activity of behavioral brain systems is one of the effective factors in the occurrence or persistence psychopathic behaviors. Therefore, the aim of this study was to structurally model primary and secondary psychopathic disorder based on behavioral brain systems.

 This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of correlational research method. The statistical population of this study includes all medical students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. A total of 284 subjects were selected as a sample by convenience sampling method and they performed Lonson, Kiel and Fetispatrick Psychopathy Scale and the Carver and White Brain-Behavioral Systems Scale. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modelling with SPSS software version 24 and LISREL version 8.80.

 The results showed that the behavioral activation system has a positive and significant relationship with primary and secondary psychopathy and the behavioral inhibition system has a negative and significant relationship with primary and secondary psychopathy (P <0.01). The results of structural equation model showed that behavioral activator system and behavioral inhibition system have an effective role on primary and secondary psychopathy (P <0.01). Also, the results of structural equation model showed acceptable model (2/df= 2.50, RMSEA= 0.075, CFI= 0.96, NFI= 0.94, GFI= 0.94).

 According to the function of activating systems and behavioral inhibition, pathological personality traits can be oriented or corrected before the formation and stabilization of these traits.