فصلنامه روانشناسی سلامت
پیاپی 41 (بهار 1401)

Chronic pain affects a person's thinking, performance and feelings, causing various limitations in a person's life. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between pain perception based on childhood trauma and mediated emotion regulation in people with chronic pain.

The method of the present study is a descriptive correlational method of structural equation modeling (path analysis). From patients referred to pain clinics in Tehran in 1399, 300 patients with chronic pain were selected by convenience sampling. The instruments used in this study included Granfsky and Craig's Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), Bernstein Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and Visual Pain Scale (VAS). SPSS and Amos software were used to analyze the data.

The results indicate that each of the positive and negative emotion regulation strategies plays a mediating role in the relationship between pain perception and childhood trauma in patients with chronic pain.

The tendency of individuals to use positive or negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies can be a determining factor in the impact of childhood trauma on the perception of chronic pain.

 Eating disorder is a common disorder that has not received much psychological treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of schema therapy on food craving، attentional bias to food، and cognitive flexibility in people with eating disorder. 

 This study was an experimental study with pre-test and post-test with control group. The population of this study consisted of 40 persons with eating disorder who were purposefully selected using Gormal Eating Questionnaire and General Health Questionnaire and clinical interview based on DSM-5 criteria. Subjects were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. Pre-test was performed using craving questionnaire، cognitive flexibility questionnaire and researcher-made attentional bias assessment tool. The intervention consisted of 10 sessions of schema therapy. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23 software and MANCOVA method. 

 The results of this study showed that schema therapy had a significant effect on attentional bias، cognitive flexibility and food craving in people with overeating. The results remained stable at the 45-day follow-up after the posttest. 

 Based on the results، it can be concluded that schema therapy can be used as an effective treatment method in people with binge eating disorder.

The role of psychological distress has been approved in the clinical course of skin diseases. which. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction program and its combination with Biofeedback on disease perception, mental health, and severity of clinical symptoms in patients with psoriasis.

The present research is a quasi-experimental study with an inter-subject design. The statistical population included all patients with psoriasis referred to the Dermatology Research Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. From this population, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 45 patients were selected by purposive sampling method and replaced randomly in three groups of 15 people (two experimental groups and one control group). The first experimental group received 8 sessions of Biofeedback and 8 sessions of mindfulness-based stress reduction. The second experimental group received only mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention and the control group did not receive any intervention. The research instruments included Broadbent et al.'s (2006) Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, Goldberg (1988) General Health Questionnaire, and Corti (2009) Psoriasis Area Severity Index.

According to the results of SPANOVA analysis, both interventions were found to be effective. However, combining mindfulness-based stress reduction programs with Biofeedback was more effective and more sustainable.

These two therapies, especially in combination, can be used as an effective method in psoriasis patients.

The emergence of chronic diseases such as traumatic brain injuries brings about emotional and psychological damages in the patients. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the purpose of investigating the effectiveness of reflexive massage on the anxiety and pain intensity of the patients with traumatic brain injury.

The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control group and two-month follow-up design. The statistical population of the present study included the patients with traumatic brain injury who attended Ayatollah Kashani Esfahani Hospital in the third quarter of 2019. 30 patients with traumatic brain injury were selected through purposive sampling method and they were randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (15patients in the experimental group and 15 in the control group). The experimental group received eight sessions of reflexive massage during a month. 3 patients from the experimental group and 2 patients from the control group quitted taking part in the study after starting the intervention. The applied questionnaires in this study included Beck et.al, 1988) and pain perception (Melzack, 1997). The data from the study were analyzed through repeated measurement ANOVA method.

The results showed that reflexive massage has significant effect on the anxiety and pain intensity of the patients with traumatic brain injury (P<0.001) in a way that this method led to the decrease of anxiety and pain intensity of the patients with traumatic brain injury.

According to the findings of the present study it can be stated that reflexive massage can be an efficient method to decrease anxiety and pain intensity of the patients with traumatic brain injury

The present study aims to compare between the effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Fluoxetine Therapy, and Combination method on improving premature ejaculation disorder in opioid addicts.

The research design was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with a control group. Among the opioid addicts referred to addiction treatment centers under the supervision of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences using convenience sampling 60 people in four groups of cognitive-behavioral therapy, fluoxetine therapy, combination method and control group. The instrument of the present study was a diagnostic interview based on DSM-5 criteria, premature ejaculation test (Arafa and Shamloul, 2007).

The data were analyzed by analysis of covariance and Bonferroni test. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the control group and the cognitive-behavioral and combination therapy groups (P<0/01(. There was no significant difference between the means of the drug group and the control group. There was a significant difference between the cognitive-behavioral group and the drug therapy group.

According to the results, it can be concluded that cognitive-behavioral therapy can be more effective in improving premature ejaculation.

Adopting a balanced diet promotes human health. However, excessive focus on healthy eating can lead to food obsession, which is termed orthorexia nervosa (ON). The aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Orthorexia Nervosa Scale (ONS).

The statistical population of this study consisted of all undergraduate students of the Islamic Azad University, Tehran Science and Research Branch in the academic year 98-99, among whom 322 students (201 females, 121 males) were selected by multistage sampling, and they responded to the Orthorexia Nervosa Scale (ONS), the Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26), the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (OCI-R), the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS), the Body    Image-Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (BI-AAQ), and the NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). The data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach’s alpha and Pearson correlation using SPSS and AMOS.

Results of the exploratory factor analysis showed 2 factors with eigenvalues higher than 1 which explained 41/92% of the total variance. Also, confirmatory factor analysis indicators implied the optimal fitness of  two-factor model of this scale. The total reliability of the scale was estimated to be respectively 0.78 and 0.81 using Cronbach’s alpha and split half. Convergent validity and divergent validity were also confirmed by calculating scale correlation through the aforementioned scales (p<0.05). Also, this scale had a positive and significant correlation with neuroticism (p<0.01).

The Orthorexia Nervosa Scale has a relatively proper validity and reliability for being used in Iranian samples and can be a suitable tool for researches of this field.

Infertility led to personal and social problems among women. The present study was carried out with the aim of evaluating the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on cognitive emotion regulation strategies, body image and resilience of infertile women.

The method of the current study being quasi-experimental, was with pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population of the study included all infertile women who had referred to Ghadir Hospital of Shiraz in 2019. Using purposeful sampling method, a total of 30 infertile women were selected and were randomly categorized as experimental and control groups. In the pre-test and post-test stages, Resilience Scale, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and the body Image Concern Inventory were conducted. After performing the pretest, the experimental group received ACT for 8 sessions of 60 minutes and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance with SPSS-22 software.

The results showed that by controlling the effect of pre-test, there was a significant difference between the mean post-test of the two groups in the variables of adaptive emotion regulation strategies (F=18.173), maladaptive emotion regulation strategies (F=16.163), body image (F=17.593) and resilience (F=16.826) at the level P = 0.01.

According to the results of this study, we can make use of ACT for the improvement of emotion regulation strategies, body image and resilience of infertile women.

The purpose of present study was to evaluate the motivational model for predicting adherence to the measures in the Covid-19 pandemic.

In a descriptive-correlational design, 306 people (204 females, 102 males) from the community sample older than 18 years were selected by convenience sampling method. Data were collected with Adherence to governmental measures survey, Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale, Feelings of uncertainty and threat scale, Motivation to adhere to governmental measures scale, and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. Data were analyzed with structural equation modeling based on the partial least squares approach.

Results showed that motivation has a mediating role in relation to needs satisfaction with distress, feelings of uncertainty and threat and adherence to governmental measures. Psychological distress and feelings of uncertainty and threat also played a negative mediating role in the needs frustration and adherence to governmental measures. Other results showed that psychological needs, motivation, distress, and feelings of uncertainty and threat explain 33% of the adherence to governmental measures variance.

It seems that the adherence to governmental measures in the Covid-19 pandemic is influenced by motivational and emotional factors. Accordingly, giving the opportunity to participate in related decisions and provide feedback systems seems to be effective in complying with adherence to governmental measures in order to increase the autonomy and competence and reduce stress.

Irritable bowel syndrome is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders that is associated with abdominal pain, bloating and bowel disorders. The aim of this study was the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment based therapy on reducing avoidance behavior and improving emotional processing in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

This research was a quasi-experimental study and was conducted with pre-test-post-test and follow-up design and experimental and control groups. The statistical population included all women with irritable bowel syndrome in Isfahan in 2019, of whom 30 were randomly selected into two groups of 15 experimental and control. Data were collected using emotional processing questionnaires (Baker, 2007) and multidimensional experience avoidance questionnaire (Gomez, 2011). The experimental group participated in a 90-minute program based on acceptance and commitment therapy, but the control group did not undergo any intervention. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance and repeated measures analysis.

Acceptance and commitment based therapy was effective on emotional acceptance and avoidance of experience in two stages of follow-up and post-test (P<0.01).

The results showed that acceptance and commitment based therapy is effective in avoiding experience and emotional processing in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and has important consequences for patients with irritable bowel syndrome.