مجله دانشکده دندان پزشکی اصفهان
سال هجدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 79، تابستان 1401)

 Impacted third molar reduces the bone level in the distal aspect of second molar, and sometimes it can lead to external root resorption of the adjacent second molar. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and quality of this resorption using cone-beam computed tomography scanning.

 In this descriptive study, CBCT images selected from 60 patients (including 107 maxillary & mandibular impacted third molars) were obtained from patients referring to maxillofacial radiology department of dental faculty of Islamic Azad University of Isfahan (Khorasgan) in 2016. Under observation of oral radiologist, the images were examined (two times with one-week interval) in axial, coronal, and sagittal sections and recorded to diagnose external root resorption in CBCT. The data were analyzed via descriptive statistics including contingency tables and relative abundance.

 The prevalence of external root resorption of second molar, adjacent to the third molar were 43.25%. The most common type of third molar impaction were mesioangular third molars (41.1%) and in the next level were the vertical (28.1%), and distoangular (18.7) and then horizontal (12.1). The most common location of resorption in mandibular second molar teeth was in 1.3 of cervical (62.5%), and then 1.3 of apical (20.8%) and 1.3 of the middle (12.5%). Also one of teeth resorptions (4.2%) was between the 1.3 of apical and 1.3 of the middle. The most common site of resorption in maxillary second molar teeth was at 1.3 of the apical (68.45%), and then at the 1.3 of the middle (17.35%) and 1.3 of cervical (8.7%). With regards to the severity of resorption; 78.96% of resorptions were mild, 12.03% severe, and 9.03 were moderate.

 The prevalence of this type of resorption is almost high and the most common position of impacted third molars that resulted in this type of resorption are mesioangular and horizontal. Most common site of resorption in the maxilla was 1.3 of the apical and in the mandible was 1.3 of the cervical, which were often mild in resorption.

Jawbones can be affected by many lesions such as genetic, metabolic, inflammatory, cysts, and tumors. For proper diagnosis and treatment, t is necessary for dentists to be aware of the most prevalent lesions, demographic and clinical features, and their distribution patterns in every population. The present study aimed to evaluate the distribution pattern of jaw bone lesions in 7 years in Isfahan, Iran.

This retrospective analytic descriptive study was performed on 370 reports available from the department of oral pathology at Isfahan Azad university. demographic data, clinical features, and histopathology diagnosis were gathered and analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Chi-square (α = 0.05).

Intraosseous lesions consisted 28.6% of all lesions.41.5% in females and 58.4% in males (p < 0.05. (Mean age of male patients was 35.96 and 33.70 for females (p value > 0.05). Lesions were mostly in the right lower jaw (p value < 0.05). The swelling was the only clinical feature reported in only 15% of 106 intraosseous lesions, 73 cases were odontogenic cysts,19 inflammatory,9 odontogenic tumors,2 benign non-odontogenic tumors, and 3 non-odontogenic cysts. The periapical and dentigerous cyst was the most prevalent lesions reported.

Results of the present study showed jaw bone lesions mostly occurred in the right lower jaw in male patients. it is understood that the distribution of intraosseous lesions of the oral cavity is related to genetic, environmental, and geographic factors. Further studies are required.

 One of the problems and challenges posed in the dentistry field is to file a lawsuit against dentist that causes discontent ، wasting time and cost and energy for both of them.   This study can be useful for students and dentists because it will enable them to identify cases that lead to the lawsuits and treatment and contact with patients adhere to the principles of professional ethics. purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between adhere to the principles of professional ethics with lawsuits in Isfahan city between 2010 to 2020.

 In this Cross-Sectional study, 706 files of lawsuits in Isfahan medical records archives and deputy of treatment during 2010-2020 were evaluated and the required information was extracted. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics test.

A rising trend was observed in the rate of lawsuits. The most cause of lawsuits was related to not having the knowledge, skill and experience, consultation and referral, overbilling, disruptive behavior in the workplace. Frequency of male dentists and general dentists were higher.

 Dental complaints had a rising trend, and the most commonly reported cases related to not having the knowledge, skill and experience, consultation and referral.

Accuracy in implant-guided surgery means that pre-determined position of the implant by the software matches the position of the implant in the patient's mouth. The aim of this study was to evaluating the effect of initial prediction by navigation in the DIOnavi system on the accuracy of implant placement

In this interventional study, two samples of 17 and 25 patients) in total 42 patient) requesting navigation method for implant placement were selected. First, a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was taken from each patient and then its virtual model was prepared using the DIO NAVI system (South Korean DIO company). After implant placement by the surgeon, two to three months later, the CBCT was taken again from the same section and the thickness of the buccal bone on the implant, the thickness of the lingual bone on the implant, the distance of the implant apex to the apical anatomic regions (Nasal cavity, Maxillary sinus and Mental foramen), Implant depth from crest edge, implant distance from adjacent teeth if present in the two obtained images were compared. Data were analyzed by Paired t-test and Pearson Correlation Coefficient (α = 0.05)

The mean of all measurements in both groups in the initial prediction was significantly related to after surgery (r = 0.99, p value < 0.001) and in the group of 17, 98% and in the group of 25 97.4% of the variances of the means of the total measurements were explained by the initial prediction.

The accuracy of implant placement with the help of dionavi system is estimated to be more than 97%.

 Adequate polymerization is a critical factor in obtaining optimal physical and mechanical properties and a satisfying clinical performance of composite restorations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of type and mode of light curing unites on degree of conversion (DC) of Bulk Fill composites (Xtra-fill andTetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill) compared with a conventional composite (Tetric N-Ceram).

 This in-vitro experimental study was conducted in Kerman and Tehran School of Dentistry in 2019. Number of 15 uncured composites and 45 composite discs were fabricated using the Teflon molds with a 4 mm thick and 10 mm diameter and light cured from the top using LED ramp, LED and QTH curing units for 20 seconds. Bulk Fill composites (Xtra-fill andTetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill) were placed with a 4mm_thick increment and conventional composite (Tetric N-Ceram) was placed incrementally (with 2 mm thickness in each layer). The degree of conversion of top and bottom surfaces of composites were measured using the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The results were analyzed with Two-way ANOVA and Tukey̛ s test. p value < 0.05 was set at the level of significant.

 In all samples, the DC value of top surfaces was significantly higher than the 4mm depth (p value < 0.05). Overally, there were no significant differences between the DC value of tested composites(p value > 0.05), But LED light in ramp mode showed significantly better results compared to LED and QTH light sources(p value < 0.05). The type and mode of light cure units had no influence on DC of bulk fill composites (p value > 0.05), but the DC of conventional composite with QTH and LED ramp was significantly higher than LED (p value < 0.05).

The results of this study showed that the DC value of bulk fill composites were not significantly affected by the type and mode of light cure units, and all investigated bulk fill composites obtained clinically acceptable degree of conversion at 4 mm depth.

 Inflammation and infection can be transmitted from the dental pulp to the periodontal tissue and from the periodontium to the pulp. Due to the challenging diagnosis of endodontic-periodontal lesions and the importance of appropriate treatment to improve dental prognosis, this study was performed to evaluate the knowledge of dental students about the diagnosis of pulp and periodontal lesions.

 In this analytical observational study, a questionnaire was designed to assess knowledge about pulp and periapical lesions in three areas of theoretical knowledge, knowledge in diagnosis and knowledge in treatment in the second semester of the academic year 2021 and designed by 400 dental students were completed as representatives from 15 cities in Iran. Data analysis was performed by Friedman, Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests (α = 0.05).

Percentage of correct answer of dental students to the questions related to theoretical knowledge 65.70 ± 18.39, percentage of correct answer to the questions of students' diagnostic knowledge 50.75 ± 33.28, percentage of correct answer to the questions of treatment knowledge 52.13 ± 23.93 and the percentage of correct answers to the questions of knowledge in total was 56.68 ± 16.35, which is statistically significant in the amount of knowledge in the three areas studied (p value < 0.001).

In the present study, it was shown that the highest level of appropriate knowledge in students is in the field of theoretical knowledge of endodontic-periodontal lesions and the lowest level of appropriate knowledge in the field of diagnosis of these diseases. The general knowledge of students in this study about moderate endodontic-periodontal lesions was shown.

The students’ self-confidence level is a key factor affecting the success of endodontics learning. This study aimed to determine the confidence level of dental students who performing root canal treatment at Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2021.

In this cross-sectional study a questionnaire including demographic information, endodontic experience, attitude toward confidence in performing different stages of root canal treatment, and suggestions for improving the quality of endodontic education was distributed to dentistry students of 54 5th and 6th-year in the last month of the academic semester. Data were analyzed using t-test, Pearson, and ANOVA tests (α = 0.05).

According to the results, from 49 dental students, 24.5% reported the first cases of root canal treatment to be severe. The lowest confidence was reported for finding all root canals in teeth with multiple root canals, preparing access cavity and understanding and managing root canal treatment risks. According to the results of chi-square analysis test, the total confidence score between 5th and 6th year students was not significantly different (p value = 0.648). Also, the relationship between general self-confidence and students' self-confidence level was not seen (p value = 0.372). There was no significant relationship between the Confidence level and age, academic year, the difficulty level of the first endodontic treatment, and number of endodontic treatments (p value > 0.05).

Students had lower self-confidence finding all the canals in multi-canal teeth, how to properly manage the treatment risks, and preparing the access cavity. Endodontics training should also be improved by increasing clinical sessions and using recent advances in endodontics.

Introduction:

 cooperation in orthodontics is one of the most important predictors of treatment outcome. Evaluation of patient satisfaction is a suitable criterion for the evaluation of treatment and quality of the patients and the relationship between physician and patient. In this study, the relationship between some personality traits of patients with their cooperation in orthodontic treatment.

Materials Methods: 

In this descriptive study, 135 patients who had referred to the orthodontic department of the School of Dentistry of Isfahan Azad University for fixed orthodontic treatment were selected. The correlation between 5 psychological factors of Costa and McCrae personality theory with the level of cooperation and satisfaction of patients during orthodontic treatment was assessed by NEO-FFI questionnaire, OPCS questionnaire to measure patient cooperation 2 months and 6 months after treatment and satisfaction questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson, Spearman and Regression correlation coefficients.

Results:

 The mean cooperation score was not significantly different between 2 months and 6 months after starting treatment (p value = 0.66). The satisfaction score of treatment was directly related to the score of the responsible factor of responsibility (p value < 0.01) but was not significantly related to the scores of other personality factors (p value > 0.05). Cooperation score 2 months and 6 months after starting treatment was not significantly related to personality factor scores (p value > 0.05). There was no significant relationship between cooperation score 2 months (p value = 0.57) and 6 months after starting treatment (p value = 0.99) with treatment satisfaction score.

Conclusion: 

There is no relationship between orthodontic patients' cooperation and their personality type. There is a direct relationship between orthodontic patients' satisfaction and the score of the personality factor of responsibility.

Today diagnosis and treatment planning in patients for orthodontic or surgical treatment must be consistent on the same ethnic cephalometric norms. This study aimed to determine the cephalometric norms of the Iranian sample living in Ahvaz by McNamara's analysis and to verify the existence of gender dimorphism and compare it with the standard norms and similar studies.

Cephalograms of 79 patients (39 males, 40 female in19-29 years old) were selected from the Orthodontic department of Ahvaz Dental School archive during 2018-2019. The subjects had a Class 1 molar relationship with a balanced profile, no history of orthodontic or surgical treatment or trauma, and no congenital anomalies. According to the McNamara analysis 8 linear and 4 angular measurements were traced manually and analyzed statistically by Shapiro-Wilk, independent t-test, and Mann-Whitney tests with a meaningful level of p value < 0.05.

According to our findings significant differences were in the effective length of the maxilla and mandible, Maxillo-mandibular differences, Distance point A and pogonion from N perpendicular line, 1.3 lower face height (p value < 0.05) but in the upper and lower incisor position and facial axis and mandibular plane angle were not (p value > 0.05).

Iranian sample had more retruded Mid-face, mandible, and chin and shorter lower face height (p value < 0.05). But incisor positions, mandibular plane angle, and facial axis were in the line of McNamara norms. Despite the differences between Iranian adults and Caucasian norms, in surgical and orthodontic treatment plane McNamara's analysis was applicable for Iranians.

Medical emergencies during dental treatment are likely to occur. The ability of a dentist to manage medical emergencies requires sufficient knowledge and information. The purpose of this study was to survey the level of knowledge of the undergraduate dental students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences about medical emergencies.

In the cross-sectional study in 2019, 60 senior dental students at the University of Medical Sciences of Isfahan were evaluated. A questionnaire was used for data collection which the validity and reliability of it was confirmed. Data were analyzed with correlation coefficients and independent t-test with the 0.05 level of significance.

Participants' total knowledge scores were 7.53 ± 2.58 out of 12. There wasn’t a significant difference between the knowledge of male and female students (p value = 0.72). Also this study revealed the relative relationship between students' medical emergencies score and their knowledge of urgency (p value < 0.001, r = 0.48).

The knowledge level of senior dental students about medical emergencies was not desirable. It is recommended that the educational content including more theoretical classes and practical workshops should be considered for dental students.

The choice between two methods of treatment, endodontic treatment and single tooth implants are very different in terms of design, success definition, evaluation methods, therapist and sample size. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and radiographic results of single tooth implants versus endodontic treatment with post and crown restoration in patients referred to the School of Dentistry of Islamic Azad University of Isfahan.

In this cross-sectional analytical study in the academic year 2021, 90 (46 females and 44 males) patients after recording demographic information and medical status, in three time periods after the end of treatment (under 3 years, 3 to 5 years and Over 5 years) were examined clinically and radiographically (periapical). Outcome of treatment was classified based on clinical and radiographic findings into three categories: successful, surviving and unsuccessful. Data were analyzed using Chi-squared test (α = 0.05).

In this study, 60% of women and 40% of men had endodontic treatment and 42.2% of women and 57.8% of men had single tooth implants. There was no significant difference between the treatment outcomes in the studied groups (p value > 0.521). There was no statistically significant relationship between gender and type of treatment as well as gender and treatment satisfaction (p value > 0.05).

Considering the preservation of natural teeth, if possible, root canal treatment is the main treatment of choice, otherwise a single-tooth implant as a highly successful treatment can be a good alternative to missing or extracted teeth.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the satisfaction of patients in the School of Dentistry of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences during the COVID-19 pandemic (Academic Year 2020-2021) Materials

This is a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study using a self-made questionnaire consisting of 34 questions whose validity and reliability were confirmed. The basis of patients'satisfaction of the Faculty of college during the COVID-19 pandemic in the academic year 2020-2021 was obtained from 251 patients. Finally, the data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods including mean and standard deviation, frequency distribution tables, and statistical methods including independent t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and one-way analysis of variance. (p value > 0.005)

In the present evaluation, it was observed most of the patients in the study were from the general endo ward (20 patients - 8%). The highest overall satisfaction of patients with specialized surgery ward with mean 144.25 ± 24.92, the lowest with specialized prosthesis ward with mean 128.41 ± 8.30 and in general the overall satisfaction of patients with mean score 136.60 ± 19.32 out of 170 (80.35%) was reported.

In general, the level of satisfaction of patients referred to Isfahan Dental School during the corona pandemic was relatively good.

Fanconi anemia is a rare autosomal recessive disease that is associated with chromosome failure and impaired DNA repair. The aim of this study was to report a case of Fanconi anemia and to manage the treatment of deciduous tooth pulp and its periodic clinical follow-up.

Case Report: 

The patient is a six-year-old boy with a definitive diagnosis of Fanconi anemia who has referred to the Pediatric Dentistry Department of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences due to decayed deciduous teeth and pain. Some obvious signs such as short stature, hair, pigmented face, contiguous eyebrows, coarse hair, protruding forehead, flat nose bridge and large ears.

With despite the low platelet level, two teeth can be treated simultaneously in one session and no particular problem has been observed until the case is reported. It is recommended that taking into account the general health of the patient is very important in providing a treatment plan.