فصلنامه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری
پیاپی 48 (بهار 1401)

Today, attention to the concept of identity is felt in a worrying way in urban spaces. Ignoring the dimensions and identifying factors in today's cities has created environments without a coherent and legible personality, and as a result, the feeling of belonging and attachment to the body has decreased. The Iranian city has always had its unique identity, while now the lack of attention to its preservation and revitalization has caused irreparable damage to the values and patterns of traditional Iranian urbanism. The purpose of this study is to investigate and identify the influential components in the discussion of the association of the concept of identity in architecture and urbanism of Shiraz to prevent the factors that destroy urban identity. The research method used is descriptive-analytical and based on documentary library studies and field surveys, including a questionnaire. SPSS software and Friedman test were used to analyze the data. The results indicate that the types of components of physical identity in Shiraz are classified into three categories of artificial, natural and human factors. Among these, the artificial factors variable is the most evocative of identity in the architecture and urbanism of Shiraz. The variables of natural and human factors are in the second and third priority, respectively. Also, the criterion of "index buildings" with an average of 87.4 in the artificial component, the criterion of "Orangery (Narenjestan)" with an average of 3.35 in the natural component and the criterion of "expression of dialect and language" with an average of 12.3 in the human component had the most impact from the point of view of the respondents.

By the end of the second millennium, metropolitan Regions have been struggling with population and activity with radical transformations; one of the most important consequences of this process is the injustice in the distribution of job opportunities. The present study seeks to improve the accessibility of the transportation network for the population with the most needs in the Tehran metropolitan region. This research uses inductive strategy and quantitative research methodology to answer research questions. The data collected from the Statistical Centre of Iran and Road Maintenance & Transportation Organization of Iran has been analyzed using the coordinate system of potential mobility and accessibility to employment with cumulative and gravity methods, and inefficiencies accessibility through the fairness accessibility index in Arc GIS and Excel software. Findings indicate that access to employment in the region is reduced by a distance from the central bar, and many of the northern and northwestern areas are inaccessible. The percentage of sub-threshold populations, respectively, decreases from 50% to 10% by 48% to 2%, and the share of sub-threshold areas from 3.5% to 1%. The share of the population below the threshold of the total population for the thresholds is about 50% at around 13% and reaches 0.5% on the threshold of 10%; These population groups are potentially eligible for improvement in their accessibility. Finally, by conclusion on the methods Asara, Taleqan, Lavasan, Nesa, Barghan, Joestan, Paein Taleqan and Miyan Taleqan settlements with a population of 47678 are in the priority of improving accessibility.

The well designed Urban landscape is one of the most vital factors of urban identity. These days, these two majors are equivalent. To improve city identity, well-designed Urban landscape and its features should be considered simultaneously, which is followed by numerous examination and expert surveys about natural, artificial, and human elements. The Well-designed Urban landscape, functionality, and aesthetic elements of each city enhance the standard of people living there. The main components of urban landscape can be categorized as emotional aspects and the quality of public spaces. These factors can strengthen human needs and help cities to have better social communication, ease of activities, and also brought people together. It is clear that today, the lack of identity is the main issue in the urban landscape; therefore, two beliefs declared. The first opinion is that the origin of the urban landscape is people’s culture; however, others believe that these varieties come from the negligence of those involved like the renewability of the buildings. It is believed that in the recent past, the cities of our country have had a coherent urban landscape and excellent coordination. However, these days, the majority of our cities tackle with identical factors. The main reasons for such a problem are rapid growth in city construction without a proper master plan and copping the architectural styles of modern countries under the name of Globalization. Among the cities which once had a meaningful and identical landscape, Omidyeh was well known. The purpose of the construction of Omydyeh was to protecting from the sunlight and adjusting to its surrounding. The growing number of research has been done about urban landscape and identity inside and outside the country. However, the operation of the urban landscape has always been neglected. This leads to, in this paper, taking account of the parameters of the natural and artificial environment were studied to design a conceptual model that can improve urban identity based on its said sub-categories. he urban landscape has a great impact on people's lives, from the spiritual order to the urban public spaces for the needs of people and from the psychological and aesthetic urban needs to the creation of the environment required to expand mass communication, facilitate activities, and encourage public participation. Today, the landscape of cities mainly lacks identity. The increased urban construction activities, unlimited urban construction areas, blind imitation of architectural styles, and massive construction in recent years have caused the facades in many cities to suffer from the lack of identity and monotony. Such disorder in the urban landscape arises from the blind imitations of architectural styles and the lack of classified variables to be used in the facade design. This is because the existence of diversity and inconsistency in urban facades has created some lack of identity and the lack of integration and coherence in the concepts related to the urban landscape. Therefore, it seems that promoting the urban identity and increasing the senses of belonging and memory of citizens depend on the formation and beautification of facades in a city, which is achieved by identifying and utilizing specific principles developed for the urban landscape. Identity, in general, and urban identity, in particular, are among the issues that are important because of their role in recognizing people, objects, communities, and places. Unfortunately, what is formed in the minds of the general public in most of the current cities is nothing but a collection of tall buildings, streets, offices, and parks, which, as a result, gradually lessens the belonging to these spaces. Urban managers and designers have seriously attempted to impose their views on the built physical structure of the city by developing the laws, and on the other hand, citizens who are subject to the culture and cultural elements of their society insist on directing the physical structure of the city based on their perception of urban identity. This has created numerous problems in the process of forming the physical structure of cities. However, due to the lack of necessary training and thoughtless imitation of Western manifestations and modern patterns, contrary to the original identity of the Iranian city, many cities are being formed and expanded. Meanwhile, historical urban spaces, including settlements in the oil-rich southern regions, have a special place in the identity of these oil cities due to their role in shaping the mental image of the citizens. Among the cities that have landscapes with a special identity but have become extinct over time, the oil town of Omidiyeh can be mentioned, which has a special place due to the role in shaping the mental image of citizens. In this area, traditional vernacular architecture has given way to engineering construction, and almost all office buildings and workers' and employees' dwellings have been taken out of their traditional form and replaced with steel structures. However, the main purpose of building these settlements was to keep safe from direct sunlight and to adapt to the climate. Also, the cultural and economic differences of the inhabitants in these areas gradually separated these settlements from other neighboring urban areas and they have had a separate identity that is still preserved today. This study aimed to identify the effective criteria of the urban landscape in residential areas owned by Omidiyeh Oil Company to improve the identity of this area and how to use urban landscape criteria to generalize identity to the renovated areas of the city. The present study was performed by a descriptive-analytical method based on documentary studies and field observations. The theoretical foundations of the research were obtained through the library studies and the subject measuring indicators were extracted in a documented table. Then, the extracted indicators were collected in the study sample and the important and influential factors of the landscape in reviving the identity of Omidiyeh town were identified by analyzing the dwellings and urban fabrics in each area with the views of space users and urban planning and architecture experts (especially landscape architects). Finally, based on the obtained indicators, a questionnaire was designed by leading experts in the field of statistics based on the 5-point Likert scale, which was done by the visitors and residents of Omidiyeh town regarding the review of the most effective indicator. The number of questionnaires was 96 to be valid for the analysis based on the sampling using the Cochran's formula with the error rate of 0.1. Also, the validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the Delphi method with the approval of prominent professors of urban planning, architecture, and landscape, and the reliability was confirmed with the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.85. By completing the questionnaire and using Excel software and expressing the impact of each criterion on each other, the impact of the city's landscapes on the identity of Omidiyeh town was extracted and finally, the identity promotion model was presented using the landscape indicators of southern oil-rich cities (Omidiyeh). In the Omidiyeh oil town, following other southern oil-rich areas, with the existence of a "company-cities" pattern established by the British at the same time as the oil extraction and the change in the pattern of urban planning and also architecture of current situation, a new identity was established in these areas which has a great impact on the modernization of urban planning in Iran in its own way and possesses specific identity characteristics. The form of streets, buildings, green spaces, fences and hedges, materials and architecture adapted to the climate, creation of modern public spaces, etc. are among the influential indicators of the landscape and, ultimately, the urban identity of this town. Based on the analyses, the authors proposed a model to improve the identity of the town where the natural, human and built components of the urban landscape along with the social-operational, perceptual, functional, physical, and aesthetic indicators, natural structure, geographical structure, and finally indicators of each criterion were taken into account. This is a very comprehensive model and has a multidimensional view on the urban landscape in which the aesthetic, perceptual, social, and historical criteria are studied, and it is innovative in this respect.

Cities as the second revolution in human culture with a brilliant offer in the field of urban management in the modern era are facing one of its greatest challenges as worn-out textures. This study, with destructive analysis of the current planning process, has attempted to analyze the regeneration of worn-out tissues in Zanjan in the future. For this purpose, two field-library methods have been used for data collection and 40 indices have been used for the analysis in three components (economic, socio-cultural, physical-spatial). MICMAC software was used to evaluate the relationships between indicators and their performance in the urban regeneration process. Finally, 12 indicators were identified as the key factor and designed accordingly. The views of 4 groups (citizens, business, local communities, urban managers) in the SMIC environment were used to evaluate the boreholes. The results of the evaluation of the research findings showed that the regeneration of worn-out tissues in Zanjan has 64 scenarios with. In the meantime, 30 scenarios with a probability factor of 0 and 20 with a probability factor of 20 have been identified, although scenarios 64 and 50 are the most likely scenarios for static income-employment status and government amenities, increased pollution rates, increasing the life of the buildings and reducing their quality. According to the results of the analysis, in the first stage, the ground for improving the belonging of citizens should be created and in the next step, by improving the field of providing government facilities provided the ground for different groups to work as much as possible.

Nowadays, with urbanization of the battlefield, especially in large cities and metropolises, it is important to consider passive defense as a solution to reduce damage, increase and capability. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate and analyze the urban vulnerability status from the perspective of passive defense in Zahedan city with seven criteria including distance from fire stations, access to higher education, administrative, medical, industrial, military, and urban facilities. The research method is descriptive-analytical and its type is practical. Required information was collected by document and field method and weighted in Super Decision software, then mapped in GIS environment. The results of ANP model showed that among the criteria studied, the highest weighted value was the index of access to military centers weighing 0.193. Has it. Thereafter the indicators of access to health centers, access to administrative centers, urban facilities, access to higher education, industrial use and access to fire stations were calculated as 0.171, 0.152, and 0.139, respectively , 127 /. 117 /. And /. The next priorities are set. Most of the vulnerability in the north and northeast parts of the city is due to the establishment of suburban areas and the presence of worn-out textures and central areas of the city due to the high construction density and high population density. In this regard, the following suggestions were made: Preparation of passive defense codes for special applications including industrial use, revision of urban development plans with urban safety approach, considering the geographical location of Zahedan city in arid and interest area. In the wake of many sunny days, it is necessary to consider solar power generation facilities as much as possible to generate electricity.

Mehr Housing Program has been one of the most important housing policies for low-income groups. The implementation process and results of this project encountered many problems and criticisms, one of the most important of which is the lack of adequate facilities for residents and low quality of life in these residential complexes. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the quality of life of Mehr housing inhabitants and its most important determinant factors. After reviewing the research literature and extracting the quality of life factors in residential environments, a researcher-made questionnaire is applied to measure the variables from the perspective of residents. The statistical population of this study is the total inhabitants of Mehr housing in Rasht equal to 8000 households. According to Cochran's formula, the number of samples is 380 people that are selected using a simple random sampling method. The data collected from the questionnaire were first analyzed using descriptive statistical methods as well as Friedman test and then the answers to narrative questions were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis test in the PLS environment. The results of Friedman test show that among the quality of life indicators in Mehr housing, the highest score (very good) belongs to the variable of urban air quality (avg = 18.39) and then to public transportation (17.03). Job opportunities (9.98) and lack of access to facilities like banks (10.82) are the most important problems in this area. The results of factor analysis of narrative questions show that The most important factors of insecurity in the area are the appearance of addicts (0.84) and abandoned lands (0.75). Cleaning and lighting (0.88), the establishment of parks (0.84), and shopping malls (0.68) are the most important factors to increase vitality. The findings of this study show that the current approach in providing social housing needs a substantial review and the quality of the urban environment should be considered as an important criterion for affordable housing.

Perception is the process by which the relationship between human and the environment and using environmental stimuli. So every phenomenon, including an architectural or urban building, transfers its message through meaning, when in the human scope perception. The main goal of this study is to investigate the way of meaning transfer and ranking the types of architectural usage due to the potential of meaning transfer. This research is descriptive from research design viewpoint, which is carried out in Delphi-type survey method. In the theoretical part, internet resources studies have been used to collect required information. Data collection was done after compiling the theoretical framework of the research using a questionnaire technique. The statistical population of the study consists of all faculty and graduate students of Shiraz universities. For population attitude investigation, the types of usage were evaluated in the form of a questionnaire with the degree of adaptation to the meanings transfer potentials and parameters of urban planning in the first step. Data were analyzed from 203 returned questionnaires. The results showed that according to the average score, the ranking of the building typology value belonging to cultural, religious and residential usage are 4.33, 4.03, and 3.91 respectively. Also, the significant level of the hypothesis test showed that there is a significant difference between the various architectural usages in the possibility of providing potential of meaning transfer and parameters of urban planning. Therefore, the matching of different architectural usage is not the same in the possibility of providing potential of meaning transfer.Then, based on the require review of the detailed plan of Shiraz city and according to the affecting meaning factors in transfer mechanism, 12 sites with cultural proposal and urban-metropolitan impact levels were identified. Then, related evaluation criteria were selected to increase citizen participation and citizenship culture. In the second step of the questionnaire, the proposed sites were ranked using the TOPSIS prioritization technique. The final result of this ranking showed that the sites of Adabiiat Crossroads, Vegetable Oil Factory and Goldasht were in the first three places with numerical values of 0.83, 0.75 and 0.72, respectively.

An essential condition for urban communities is the he high level of quality and vitality of urban spaces, in a way that it allows people to enjoy social interactions. In fact, the vitality of urban spaces develops the social health of citizens. Urban art as a representative of art arising from the interior, context, and texture of any community and its people tries to merge art with the present life of people and insert aesthetics into the context of their lives. This kind of art tries to raise the attraction of urban life. As an influential and precious means, urban art has an important role in the quality of public spaces. The artistic elements that exist in urban spaces can be effective in the presence or absence of citizens in urban spaces. In fact, to determine the quality of a place, urban art should be consistent with that place and defined for that context. Unfortunately, despite having enough knowledge about the profits and advantages of the existence of urban arts in urban spaces, such works aren’t seen in our country and there is lack of interaction with users of urban spaces with them. In the present project, to study the role of urban arts in improving the vitality of public spaces, the central sidewalk of Rasht was chosen as a case study.

The present study mainly aims to investigate the role of cultural and artistic factors in the vitality of public spaces with a case study of Rasht Municipality sidewalk from the citizens’ point of view. To do this, 22 factors in the field of urban arts were identified based on the study of theoretical foundations and research background. Then, based on these factors, the research questionnaire was designed. In this questionnaire, the respondents were asked to estimate the status of these factors in the cultural sidewalk complex of Rasht in the form of Likert scale (1 = very inappropriate, 2 = inappropriate, 3 = moderate, 4 = appropriate, 5 = very appropriate).In the present study, the statistical population was the citizens who were on the sidewalk of Rasht Municipality. To determine the sample size of the study Cochran formula was applied. Since there was no exact statistical information about the statistical population of the study, the size of the population was considered to be unlimited. In Cochran formula, the sample size with the rise of population size will be a maximum of 384. Overall, 400 questionnaires were distributed among the citizens who were on the cultural sidewalk of Rasht Municipality. Then, among the collected questionnaires, 374 of them were complete and accurate which their information was entered SPSS software.In the present study, in order to measure and analyze the data, the statistical tests in SPSS software were applied. In the descriptive findings section, using one sample t-test, the status of urban arts factors in the study area was evaluated. To determine the most effective factors in the vitality of the cultural sidewalk of Rasht Municipality, exploratory factor analysis was applied.

22 factors were studied in the present study, out of which, the factor of night lighting art gained first place with an average score of 3.36. The creative design of sculptures and decorative volumes gained the second place with an average score of 3.26. Factors of historical monuments, painting, and arrangement of decorative elements of buildings, the beauty of the facades of buildings, and waterfront design with average scores of 3.18, 3.09, 3.06 and 2.93 gained third to sixth places, respectively. Based on the results of the present study, the status of eight factors such as traditional plays, theater and street plays, artistic elements, and murals with an average score of less than 1.8 was very inappropriate. Six other factors were placed in inappropriate status. In this regard, factors such as street music, festivals and public carnivals, and beauty in environmental advertising and special and unique buildings can be mentioned. Eventually, only three elements including creative design of sculptures and decorative volumes, waterfront design, and the art of night lighting were placed in an appropriate status.The results of factor analysis indicated that the 22 studied factors were summarized in three factors. The first factor with seven subsets including artistic elements, historical monuments, and creative design of green spaces, painting and arrangement of decorative elements of buildings, creative design of sculptures and decorative volumes, waterfront design and special and unique buildings with a percentage of variance 38.18% has the greatest effect on the vitality of Rasht Municipality sidewalks. These indicators mainly refer to physical elements in the study area. Hence, they are introduced as "artistic elements". Having a percentage of variance of 38.18%, the second factor with three subsets including traditional plays, street theater, street music and festivals and public carnivals with a percentage of variance of 38.18% is considered as the second effective factor on the vitality of the sidewalk of Rasht Municipality. These factors are related to the activities done in the study area. Hence, they are introduced as "artistic and theatrical activities". Eventually, the third factor gains the third place with four subsets including visual and artistic attractions in space, digital paintings and visual arts, mosaics and fresco and murals with a percentage of variance of 15.22%. The third group of factors that is derived from factor analysis refers to graphic arts. Hence, they are introduced as "environmental graphics". Overall, it can be said that out of 22 studied factors, 15 main factors in the field of achievement of urban arts on the sidewalk of Rasht Municipality were identified.

Collective and public arenas in the city are considered as a platform for the achievement of urban arts. The spaces that promote vitality are both movement and pause, and in fact urban life can be shown in these spaces. In order to be influential in developing the quality and vitality of that environment, urban art must be defined and demonstrated based on the context and place in which it is formed. In the cultural sidewalk of Rasht, the attractiveness of the studied sidewalk can be increased by designing special and unique buildings, creative design of green space, designing artistic elements and, in fact, by focusing on artistic elements. This attraction makes more use of space and increases the tourism potential and vitality of this space. On the other hand, performing artistic activities such as traditional and indigenous plays, organizing music and street theaters, and celebrating public festivals and carnivals, become a platform for human and social activities and enhance the vitality of the space.

City and urbanization is a prominent social process that has largely transformed human interaction with the environment and with other human beings. Over time, this residential center has grown, expanded and expanded due to the prevailing environmental demands and socio-economic conditions. What is important in the current decade is the issue of sustainability in different dimensions of the quality of life of citizens in different cities. The present study aims to investigate the socio-cultural factors affecting the process of sustainable development in the city of Asaluyeh. this research; The type of research has been descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional and correlational, and the statistical population is all citizens over 18 years of age living in Assaluyeh. The number of samples was selected based on Morgan's table, and finally 397 correct questionnaires were used for the final analysis and the sampling method was random. The measurement tool in this study was also a questionnaire. And with the help of Spss software, the obtained data have been analyzed. The results show that in the city under study, independent variables such as the use of mass media with coefficients (5 = 215 = 215), the use of books and magazines (6/29/29), expertise and skills (3/7/07), governance Well (6/65/65), environmental behaviors (4/44 = 44), willingness to participate (4/6/56), citizenship rights (9/02/09) and leisure time (4/4/74 =). Thus, internal changes have predicted a variable of sustainable urban development, with economic factors playing the most important role.

The importance of urban regeneration is due to the fact that it reflects the view of planners and urban planners on the desired urban life and the contrast between this way of life and the way of life in some contexts and areas of the city. In fact, regeneration means restoring social, economic and environmental life to an area. This movement transforms places, strengthens the social image of oneself, and creates vibrant and attractive places that encourage sustainable inner investment. In this regard, the present study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the relationship between socio-cultural regeneration and the development of the southern Dizaj neighborhood of Bonab city. According to the objectives of the research and the studied components, the type of applied research and its study method is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population is the southern Dizaj neighborhood of Bonab city. Information required to investigate the relationship between socio-cultural regeneration and sustainable development of a neighborhood that includes 4 indicators and 19 indicators of socio-cultural regeneration as an independent variable and 6 indicators of neighborhood development as a dependent variable. The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire. The research sampling method was simple random and the statistical population was 366 people. The results show that the social and cultural components have the greatest effect in promoting the development of the southern Dizaj neighborhood, so that one unit of change in the deviation of social and cultural components are 0.409 and 0.578 units, respectively. They will make a difference in the development of the South Dizge neighborhood. In general, all components of socio-cultural regeneration have had a positive effect, which means that with increasing the amount of socio-cultural regeneration of the study area, its development also increases.

New theories emphasize the characteristics of urban elements and tourist places under different titles and categories as preconditions for tourist satisfaction and attraction. Accordingly, the present study seeks to explain the role of urban elements in the accordance with Iranian-Islamic art in attracting and satisfying tourists in Shiraz. This research is applied in terms of purpose and based of nature is descriptive and correlation. The statistical population includes all native, non-native and foreign tourists. The sample consists of 384 people. The method of data collection field survey using a questionnaire. Pearson correlation coefficient and SPSS software were used to test the research hypotheses and ANOVA test was used to check the satisfaction of the elements based on the type of tourists. Finally, to investigate the final model of the research, the structural equal model and AMOS software were used. In a systematic process, three factors that were considered as effective factors on tourist satisfaction and attraction (theatrical element, expressive element and functional element) in three tourist areas of Shiraz that have the characteristics of Iranian-Isslamic art, including Karim Khan Zand citadel, Hafez Tomb and The Gate of The Quran were selected. The results of the analysis of these three historical and touristic areas showed that urban elements in three categories of theatrical, expressive and functional had aposetive and direct effect on the satisfaction and attraction of native, non-native and non-native non -Iranian tourists. Theatrical, expressive and functional elements, respectively, had the greatest impact on attracting and satisfying tourists, and among them theatrical elements had a greatest impact on foreign non-native tourists.

the issue of identity crisis rooted in the modern current has disturbed residential neighborhoods as urban units. the present study aims to investigate the roots of the identity crisis in residential neighborhoods, identify indicators of identity in historical residential neighborhoods (sample case study: Sang siah neighborhood of shiraz) to provide solutions for the renovation of identity in the new residential neighborhoods. this research is a practical - development and quantitative way of doing it. the theoretical framework was determined using library method and reviewing the specialized documents related to identity and residences, the assessment model of residential neighborhoods based on the criteria and the extracted criteria from theoretical studies were explained and determined to assess the range of study. to measure each of the criteria from the various interviews, objective observation, approach of attitude, review of writings, documents, analysis of maps and other experimental techniques. after collecting the questionnaires and scoring the answers, using SPSS and statistical methods like the Delphi method, the analysis was done. according to the research findings recognition of the identity of the Sang siah neighborhood as urban area (integration, permeability, readability) is located at a high level. This means that the textured of the Sang siah neighborhood is highly favourable from the physical point of view, but in terms of experts, some of the changes in the neighborhood have been exposed to danger in not far - reaching years as an example, it can be referred to the social integration that has been lost in this neighborhood. the recognition indicators of this neighborhood as settlements (security, comfort, tranquility and familiarity) also have a relatively proper average.in the distinction part,which is the next step of recognition, the neighborhood had received an acceptable score, and was finally considered as a locality with identity.

Shiraz is one of the most attractive Iranian cities for domestic and foreign tourists, so most of the development plans in Shiraz are based on tourism. This study investigates the impact of women’s social participation on their attitude towards sustainable tourism development in Shiraz. Applying a quantitative approach, this study conducted a survey method, and an on-site self-administered questionnaire was distributed randomly to 383 respondents. Regarding the structural model, the overall model fit statistics are within the generally accepted thresholds for good fitness. Structural equation modeling reveals that a significant positive impact of women’s social participation on their attitude towards sustainable tourism development is detected. In the measurement model of women’s participation, the cultural dimension has the stronger coefficient with latent construct, and for the dependent construct, the economic dimension has the stronger coefficient with attitude towards sustainable tourism development. Management participation is the lowest component of women’s participation that reveals structural constraints for them. Attitude towards the economic aspect of tourism development is the highest component and shows the importance of economic issues for women in Shiraz. Women’s participation can improve their positive attitude towards sustainable tourism development, so to gain success on tourism plans, it is necessary to create a participatory space for women. and also their participatory approaches can be effective in laying the groundwork for sustainable development of communities and attitudes towards tourism development. this will not be possible without the support of this important section of society. accordingly' to in the present study 'an attempt has been made to investigate the relationship between social participation of shiraz women in their attitude towards tourism development.

What is being discussed today in big cities as challenges and crises, including population growth, migration, environmental problems, worn-out structures, accesses, various economic issues, cultural problems and other issues, can be seen in Shiraz.What is being discussed today in big cities as challenges and crises, including population growth, migration, environmental problems, worn-out structures, accesses, various economic issues, cultural problems and other issues, can be seen in Shiraz. Is. Therefore, using the components of measuring good urban governance by considering the situational conditions and spatial justice of Shiraz is one of the objectives of this study. This research is based on field evidence (survey of Shiraz municipal areas based on the distribution of services) and various library documents. Using A H P software, results such as the weight of the utility index of facilities and equipment, parking, park and green space with an incompatibility rate of 0.07, the weight of the religious-cultural-educational use index, sports with an incompatibility rate of 0.07 , the weight of the user index Health-medical, administrative-military with incompatibility rate of 0.1 Therefore, the priority (importance), the studied indicators of regions 1 , 2 , 4 , 6 and 10 are in the desired condition, in other words, there is a fair distribution in these regions and in contrast to the regions. 3 , 5 , 7 , 8 and 9 are in an unfavorable situation and need executive solutions to improve good urban governance and fair distribution of services in order to promote spatial and social justice.

More than half of the world's population lives in cities and is expected to increase in the coming decades. Urban can be very effective in regulating the performance of cities and changing the face of space, such as (land use, human density, change in intensity and direction of flows of centers, etc.) residential systems. The space organization in the city is a reflection of the complex relations between different systems such as power system, land use system, population settlement system , system of symbols and identity concepts (both artificial and natural), and communication system within the socio - economic systems of the time and The legacy of the past systems of the city. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of analyzing urban spatial organization with an institutional-managerial approach in the metropolis of Tehran. This research is based on field evidence (study of Tehran municipal areas based on spatial organization) and various library documents. Using AHP and TOPSIS methods, which were distributed among 12 urban planning and architecture experts, we study urban spatial organization in the metropolitan area of Tehran. According to the criteria of the institutional-managerial approach, it indicates the desirability of urban spatial organization and consequently the desirability of the situation in the study areas. (0.015 and 0.0153) were tested using F statistical test at a confidence level of 0.95 and the superiority of the diagnostic power of the combined approach over the TOPSIS approach was proved, and in this regard, to provide solutions to improve urban organization with The institutional-managerial approach is discussed.