نشریه مطالعات بیداری اسلامی
پیاپی 23 (بهار 1401)

The Islamic Revolution of Iran has been realized on the basis of Mahdism and the Imams of the Revolution have sought to create a society waiting for the reappearance of the Imam due to the presentation of strategic plans. One of the most important guidelines of the Supreme Leader of the Revolution in the present age is the statement of the second step of the revolution, the main purpose of which is to bring the revolution closer to its great ideal, which is to prepare for the sunrise of the great province. The present study answers this question: What is the place of the doctrine of Mahdavi justice in achieving the goals of the second step of the Islamic Revolution of Iran? (Problem) To investigate this issue, a combination of content analysis method in qualitative research and retrospective research method has been used. (Method)To answer this question, in the first stage, the role of Mahdavi teachings in the realization of the first stage of the Islamic Revolution and in the second stage, how to prepare for the rising sun of the province (AS) is explained based on the statement of the second step.

The Islamic Revolution of Iran can be considered as one of the great revolutions in history that has caused important changes in the contemporary world. A revolution that has always been in conflict with this discourse since its inception as a non-(other) discourse of Western civilization. Therefore, the main question that arises is that given the serious confrontation between these two views, what effect has the Islamic Revolution had on the decline of American hegemony? (Question); Accordingly, in this article, using a qualitative method and documentary study, data and materials related to this issue have been studied and examined (method); The results of the study indicate that the Islamic Revolution, on the one hand, has seriously challenged the idea of ​​Western liberalism at the level of discourse, and on the other hand, by taking measures such as withdrawing from the strategic alliance with the United States, capturing its embassy in Iran, creating a spirit of Islamic awakening in the West Asian region, weakening the position and power of the Zionist regime, supporting anti-arrogance movements and challenging US military power, greatly influenced the spread of liberation movements - especially the Islamic Awakening - and in The result has been a decline in American hegemony (results).

The Islamic Awakening in the Islamic World is one of the most important events that has affected many countries in the Arab Middle East, especially in the last decade. And faced the symptoms of Islamic culture and ideology. Meanwhile, Yemen has a special place among the countries of the Islamic world for historical and cultural reasons, and it has also experienced unrest with the movements of the Islamic Awakening in the region of this country. On the other hand, the Islamic Revolution of Iran, as the greatest event of the twentieth century in the region and the world, has strongly influenced the Islamic countries in the region in various ways since the beginning of the victory. Accordingly, the main question of the present study is that what role did the semantic and identity factors of the Islamic Revolution play in the identity of the Yemeni Shiites? (Question). The research method in this research is descriptive-analytical and the data collection method is library and internet (method). The identity of Yemeni Shiites seems to be rooted in the semantic structure and content role of the Islamic Revolution, which includes factors such as Islamic revival, justice, struggle against tyranny and colonialism, reproducing the culture of resistance and countering foreign influence, and other influential components of the Iranian Islamic Revolution(findings).

Iran's foreign policy on the axis of influence after the crisis in Iraq and Syria has been more defensive-security and pragmatic in nature. However, the reactions in the two countries mentioned above have been challenged by the influential powers on the other hand. Therefore, adopting a strategy designed to resolve this contradiction is the issue raised in this study (issue). The author has used a qualitative-interpretive method with a descriptive-analytical approach to prove his hypothesis (method). It seems that Iran has tried to be much more active in the crisis zone than before in order to prevent unwanted changes in the regional balance system, which may jeopardize Iran's current position, and by emphasizing the protection of national interests. Defensive-security and at the same time active foreign policy has tried to maintain and stabilize its regional position and strengthen it at times (hypothesis). Iran's foreign policy approach to both crises, emphasizing the Islamic awakening in these two countries, is completely realistic, pragmatic, security and based on national interests, in order to prevent the penetration of the crises of these two countries to Iran and To maintain and expand its national-political interests in the crisis zone (findings).

Recognizing and examining the historical contexts of the Yemeni people's awakening and presenting examples of the Yemeni nation's resistance, in addition to being innovative and new in terms of research, has been considered as the main issue of the article here. The resistance of the Yemeni nation has been socio-political throughout history. In this regard, the research question is designed as follows; What effect have the historical examples of the Yemeni Awakening and Resistance had on the current developments in Yemen? (Method) The method of collection is to take notes from library resources. (Data collection tool) The findings of the article indicate that the Yemeni nation has experienced resistance and awakening in its political life since the beginning of Islam. In this article, we examined the historical examples of the awakening and resistance of the Yemeni people. In short, in the beginning of Islam, by leading the way in accepting Islam, participating in repelling sedition against the Prophet, declaring opposition to Saqifa Bani Sa'deh, being present in the geographical area of ​​the Islamic world, the closeness of Zaydi Shiites to the Twelver Shiites, defending Imam Hassan and Imam Hussein Attending the Tawabin uprising, not accepting the Abbasid caliphate, the uprising of Yahya bin Hussein and the formation of the Zaidi government in 288 AH, the uprising of the Ismaili righteous(Findings).

The beginning of the Islamic Awakening movements with emphasis on the reaction paradigm caused systemic crises in the political, economic, cultural and social order in the Middle East. Basically, one of the countries that has changed and emerged from the crisis due to the recent developments in North Africa and the Middle East due to the Islamic Awakening. In this country, due to a series of accumulated challenges and demands, which is manifested in the form of relative deprivation, it entered into a pervasive security dilemma that left the country's decision-making system in crisis. Now, the question arises that in re-reading the phenomenon of Islamic awakening in a reactionary narrative centered on the issue of relative deprivation, how was this issue effective as a catalyst in the emergence of fundamentalist groups such as Jabhat al-Nusra? (Introduction). Descriptive-analytical method and using the theory of relative deprivation as a subset of reactive paradigms (Method), This hypothesis that the inability of the ruling system as a decision-making variable in Syria due to its inability to respond to social demands has paved the way for fundamentalist groups to pursue a policy of violence. (Hypothesis). Finally, with the rise of the Nusra Front, Syria's socio-political structure entered a pervasive security crisis that essentially led to de-security and challenged the country's dominant order. (Results).

Saudi Arabia, as one of the most important countries in the Middle East, has acted as a conservative country over the past decades and has been largely recognized as an activist who is in favor of the status quo and opposed to change. But during the so-called Islamic Awakening, and especially in the events of the Syrian crisis since 2011, Saudi Arabia's regional behavior reflects the country's transition from a conservative approach to an aggressive foreign policy approach. Accordingly, the main question is “What is the Saudi Arabia's foreign policy approach in support of takfiri–jihadist groups?” (Problem) To answer this question, using descriptive-analytical method and data collection using existing articles, documents and library resources (Method), it has been concluded that Saudi Arabia's strategies regarding takfiri-jihadi groups in the region, and especially in Syria, include a wide range of direct support, consensus building at the level of regional organizations, and alliances with some countries in the region. Finally, it can be acknowledged that this kind of aggressive approach and modeling of takfiri-jihadi groups will be troublesome for the sovereignty and Wahhabi discourse of Saudi Arabia in the near future (Findings).