نشریه روانشناسی اجتماعی
سال دهم شماره 63 (بهار 1401)

The aim of this research was determine the effectiveness of educational games based on social-emotional learning on empathy and social competence in preschool children. This research was a semi-experimental with pretest, posttest and two-month follow-up design with control group. The research population was a preschool children of 4th district of Mashhad city in the 2020-2021 academic years. The research sample was 48 people who were selected by available sampling method and randomly by lottery replaced in two equal groups and the experimental group was trained for 20 sessions of 45 minutes with the method of educational games based on social-emotional learning and the control group did not receive training during this period. Data were collected with using two subscales of empathy and social competence in the social-emotional assets and resiliency scale for preschool (Ravitch, 2013) and analyzed by tests of chi-square, independent t and analysis of variance with repeated measures. The findings showed that in the pretest stage the experimental and control groups there was no significant difference in any variables of empathy and social competence (P>0.05), but in the posttest and follow-up stages there was a significant difference in both variables (P<0.05). Other findings showed that the intervention by method of educational games based on social-emotional learning significantly increased the empathy and social competence in preschool children and the results of the intervention were maintained in the follow-up stage (P<0.05). The results indicated the effectiveness of educational games method based on social-emotional learning on increasing empathy and social competence in preschool children. Therefore, to improve the social-emotional assets of preschool children can be used the method of educational games based on social-emotional learning along with other methods.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Seligman parenting training on child abuse tendencies and parenting self-efficacy in mothers with a history of child abuse in Isfahan.

The quasi-experimental research method was pretest-posttest with follow-up. For this purpose, among the clients of social emergency centers in 2019, 40 mothers with a history of child abuse were selected through available sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Subjects in both groups answered the questionnaires of child abuse tendency (Shamaizadeh Yousefi, 2018) and parenting self-efficacy (Dumka, 1996) in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up stages. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 90-minute Seligman parenting style training but the control group did not receive any training. To analyze data from descriptive statistical methods (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistical methods (Analysis of variance of repeated measures) was used.

The results showed that Seligman parenting style training generally reduces the tendency to child abuse and also increases the self-efficacy of mothers with a history of child abuse (P<0.05).

As regard to results, it can be said, to improve child abuse tendency and parenting efficacy, Seligman parenting is suitable method among women with history of child abuse

The Covid-19 pandemic deprives a wide range of athletes from engaging in sports activities and thus creates problems for them. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between sports deprivation in the corona pandemic period, attitudes toward sports, socio-economic status and level of activity with depression, vitality and happiness among bodybuilders. The research method was correlation in the framework of canonical correlation analysis and the statistical population of the study was the bodybuilders in Isfahan city in spring 2021. Among them, 211 persons were selected trough accessible sampling manner. Attitudes toward sports questionnaire (2021), socio-economic status questionnaire (Ghodratnema et al, 2012), a question to measure exercise deprivation, a question to measure activity level, depression questionnaire (Beck, 1961), vitality questionnaire (Rayan & Fredrick, 1997) and Oxford happiness questionnaire (Argyle & Lu, 1990) were used to measure the variables. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation and canonical correlation analysis by SPSS version 25. The results of canonical correlation analysis showed that among the four predictor variables, socio-economic status with a canonical standard coefficient of 0.72, attitudes toward sport with a canonical standard coefficient of -0.55, and sports deprivation in the corona pandemic period with canonical standard coefficient of 0.39 can predict depression, vitality and happiness. Overall, the findings of this study showed that deprivation of sports due to corona pandemic has been able to play a role along with socio-economic status and attitude to sports for depression, vitality and happiness of bodybuilders.

The present research was conducted with the aim of determine the effectiveness positive mindfulness education on marital happiness, hope and social well-being of women on the verge of divorce. This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design with experimental and control groups. The research population was women on the verge of divorce referred to counseling centers in the third district of Tehran in the spring and summer of year 1400. The sample consisted of 40 people who were selected after reviewing the inclusion criteria by the available sampling method and randomly were assigned into two equal groups including experimental and control groups (20 people in each group). The experimental group underwent 8 sessions of 90 minutes two weekly sessions for one month by positive mindfulness group education and during time the control group did not receive any education. Data were collected by marital happiness questionnaire (Azrin et al, 1973), hope questionnaire (Snyder et al, 1991) and social well-being subscale in psychological well-being scale (Keyes and Magyar-Moe, 2003) and by were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance in software SPSS-22. The results showed that the positive mindfulness group education method caused a significant change in all three variables of marital happiness, hope and social well-being of women on the verge of divorce in the experimental group in compared to the control group. In the other words, the mentioned intervention method led to increase the marital happiness, hope and social well-being of women on the verge of divorce (P<0.001). According to the results of the present study, planning is necessary to use the combined method of positive mindfulness group education to improve psychological characteristics, especially increasing marital happiness, hope and social well-being.

The aim of this study was the mediating role of social adjustment in the relationship between mind theory and self-efficacy with the tendency to virtual networks in gifted students. The research method was descriptive-correlation and in particular path analaysis. The statistical population of the present study was all 300 gifted students of Secondary School Sampad Secondary School in 11 experimental fields in the academic year of 2019 in Gorgan. Mojardi, et al (2014) tendency to virtual networks questionnaire, Steerneman (1994) theory of mind questionnaire, self-efficacy Shereer (1982), California Test Personality (1953) were evaluated. The results showed that The research model was fitted and validated and explained 0.58 of variance in tendency to virtual networks by theory of mind, self-efficacy and social adaptation and social adaptation had a mediating role in the relationship between theory of mind with tendency to virtual networks. Changes in the tendency for cyberspace based on direct theory of mind and indirect social adjustment can be explained in gifted students and this study has practical implications for school counselors.

Islam is a social religion and its individual rules also have a social rhythm and they are used to reform and strengthen social relations and the moral realization of social education and the implementation of the sacred goals of society. The purpose of education is to provide the conditions for the flourishing and realization of potential human talents. The purpose of this study is to review the principles, principles and methods of social education from the perspective of the Holy Quran. In this regard, by quoting the Holy Quran in the field of social education, related verses were extracted. The Qur'an has been obtained. The library method has been used to collect data from this research and the qualitative content analysis method has been used for text analysis and interpretation and data analysis. The research findings show that the dynamics of the social and religious education system is that the principles, methods And to take his functions out of a static state and be able to keep his desires in line with the changes around him, fresh and alive. The author's attempt in this article is to examine the foundations of social education in the Qur'an from the perspective of the Holy Qur'an. On this basis, we must pay attention to social and religious education as well as efficient methods of social and religious education, of which the Holy Quran and the way of the infallibles are the most authoritative and comprehensive source for this subject. And the methods we extracted for this purpose from religious sources include historical experience, role modeling, and so on.

University staff, as the creators of the required conditions for education in any society, should be equipped with moral literacy and desirable job satisfaction. Therefore, they need continuous training in order to be aware of the effectiveness of training results by using comprehensive assessment. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of positive thinking on professional ethics and job satisfaction of the staff of Islamic Azad University, Susangard Branch. The research design is quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this study included 55 employees of the Islamic Azad University, Susangard Branch in 2018.Among them are people who are in the pre-test stage of professional ethics and job satisfaction; A standard deviation was lower than the mean. In simple random sampling, 24 subjects were selected and randomly divided into experimental and control groups, with 12 subjects in each group. Data were collected using the Kadozir (2002) Professional Ethics Questionnaire and the Spector (1997) Job Satisfaction Questionnaire. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 90 minutes and only one session of positive thinking skills training as an intervention each week. While the control group did not receive any training. Data analysis was performed by univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance. Statistical analysis of data in two stages of post-test and follow-up showed that positive thinking skills training has a positive and significant effect on professional ethics and job satisfaction of the staff of the Islamic Azad University, Susangard Branch. According to these results, faculty and university administrators can use positive thinking skills training to increase professional ethics and job satisfaction of university staff.

Family is the most fundamental institution in the society which plays a basic role in producing healthy individual and consequently healthy society. It goes without saying that a proper and coherent emotional atmosphere in a family leads to the growth and self-development of individuals and makes them capable to solve problems effectively, thereby creating a coherent society. This study aims to investigate how the Social Problem-solving ability mediates between the Emotional Family Atmosphere and Social Well-being.

The Statistical population includes all students in the provincial capitals of the western provinces in Iran. The statistical sample of the study consists of 377 students from 4 cities across the country. The sampling was conducted based on a multi-stage clustered random method. Following questioners were sued to collect the data: The Emotional Family Atmosphere (Hill Bern 1964), the Social Well-Being (Keyes 2004), and the Social Problem-solving Ability (D’Zurilla, et al. 2002). The analysis of the data, based on the formation of the casual model in the Smart PLS 3.2.8 software, shows that the general model of the project matches the collected data.

The results of the validity and reliability factors in studying the external model are optimal. In the internal section of the model collinearity criteria, the amounts of t, R2, F2, and Q2 are acceptable. The results of the direct effect of the Emotional Family Atmosphere on the Efficient and Ineffective Problem-solving, the direct effect of the Efficient and the Inefficient Problem-solving on Social Well-being, and also the indirect effect of the Emotional Family Atmosphere on Social Well-being are all meaningful (P≤0/01).

The results of the analysis of the effect size and the importance-performance matrix analysis indicate that it is of fundamental importance for psychologists to discourage individuals from applying the “Inefficient Problem-Solving’’ while promoting the ‘’Emotional Family Atmosphere’’ which has a significant role on social well-being.