نشریه راهبردهای توسعه در آموزش پزشکی
سال نهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 19، بهار 1401)

Communication skills are critical in the present era. Due to their professional position, dentists require competent skills for proper rapport with colleagues and patients. This study intended to determine the interpersonal communication skills and the related factors among dentists in Birjand, Iran.

This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed in 2020 on 120 general and specialist dentists who were selected through consensus sampling in Birjand. The standard Dental Consultation Communications Checklist (DCCC), with 31 items was used as the data collection tool, which was filled out by 99 participants. The data were analyzed through t-test and analysis of variance using SPSS software.

There were 44 (44.5%) general and specialist dentists with the age range of 30-39 years. The mean score of interpersonal communication skills was 75.114± 834.22 for general dentists and 73.123±226.19 among the specialist dentists. There was no statistically significant relationship between the variables of age, sex, academic rank and work experience with the dentists’ score of interpersonal communication skills. The mean score of the participants’ communication skills was significantly higher after having passed the communication skills training course (P-Value<0.05).

The results of the study detected that "communication skills" of dentists ranged from medium to high and due to the positive impact of training on communication skills, planning for courses on effective communication skills and holding practical workshops in this field should be prioritized to improve interpersonal communication among dentists.

Since patient education is a sustainable strategy to reduce health risks and increase patients' quality of life, identifying the factors influencing this process will be helpful. The aim of this study was to determine the factors that inhibit and facilitate patient education from the viewpoint of nurses in charge of education.

In this cross-sectional descriptive study was done on 36 nurses who were responsible for Patients education of shahid mohammadi hospital in 2019. Researcher-made questionnaire including demographic characteristics, facilitators and inhibitors. Scientific validity was determined through content validation method. To determine the scientific reliability of the instrument, re-test was used, which had a correlation coefficient of 93%. The questions were adjusted with a three-point Likert scale and the data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software and descriptive statistical tests.

The most important facilitators were special points for patient education for nurses (75%), allocation of special time for patient education (66.7%), patient participation in planning and implementation of education (63.9%) respectively. The most important restrictions included lack of knowledge and skills to recognize the patient's learning needs (75%), lack of trainer time (75%), lack of physical and mental fitness of the patient (58.3%), inability to communicate properly with the patient and his family (56.35%). The least important facilitator was the presentation of seminars on the teaching strategies, and the least important deterrent was the "gender difference between the educator and the patient."

Considering the multiplicity of facilitators and inhibitors of patient education, considering the opinions of executives and Beneficiaries in designing the education process can be helpful.

Scenario-based learning provides students with the opportunity to interact with each other and engage in the situation through applying active learning strategies. The present study intended to compare scenario-based learning with two methods of group discussion and question and answer on the learning achievement of nursing students.

This interventional-comparative study was conducted during the first semester of the academic year 2018-2019, with 94 nursing students in the 6th semester who were randomly assigned to two groups. In the control group, case scenarios were taught through question and answer method while in the test group, the scenario cases were taught through group discussion method. The final test score of Nursing Care at Home course was compared as a marker of learning achievement between the two groups. To analyze the data, independent t-test was applied to compare the scores of the two groups, covariance analysis test was performed to adjust the variables and to investigate the relationship between demographic traits (age and average score) with learning achievements Pearson Correlation Coefficient was implemented using SPSS 18.

Analysis of covariance by adjusting the variables in the two groups detected that the obtained scores from the final exam as a marker of learning achievement had a significant relationship with the teaching method (P-value< 0.05) therefore the average score of the group with discussion method was higher than that of the group with question and answer method in scenario-based learning.

Scenario - based learning with group discussion methods can facilitate and promote students' learning.

Academic quality assessment of educational services is a basic step toward training talented students. The aim of this study was to investigate the viewpoint of medical residents at Baharloo Hospital besides comparing the current situation with their expectations so that the gap is filled with a comprehensive plan to promote the quality of educational services efficiently.

In this cross-sectional study, the existing gap between expectations and the educational services was assessed using SERQUAL questionnaire for all the 82 residents who had completed their one-month training period during 2015-2016 in the poisoning department of Baharloo hospital. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, paired-sample t-test and independent t-test.

The mean age of the participants was 34.41±5.88 years. The results showed that in all the dimensions of service quality, there was a significant quality gap between the perceptions and expectations of the assistants (P-Value<0.001). The negative gap was observed in all the dimensions of quality, but the highest and the lowest quality gaps belonged to the reliability (-3.23) and tangibility (-2.07) dimensions respectively.

Generally, there was a negative gap in all the dimensions of the educational services provided to the Medical residents at the poisoning department of Baharloo Hospital. This indicates that the students’ expectations are not satisfied. In order to fill this gap, reconsideration of the educational system is required.

Educational underachievement is a major problem for every educational system, with not only personal issues, but also social impacts, leading to disruptions and waste of training costs. The present study was conducted to determine the influencing factors of educational underachievement among talented students.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in 2012-13. The population consisted of all the 53 talented students with educational underachievement in Semnan University of Medical Sciences. A researcher-made questionnaire on educational underachievement was used to collect data, with four fields, student-related, universities and educational environment, Family and Community, and instructors. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire was calculated with content validity and Cronbach's alpha (0.83). The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-test.

The most important factors affecting academic performance were lack motivation, pleasure from studying, emotional problems due to incompatibility with the environment, low quality of teaching, non-standardized exam questions, lack of Incentives, Lack of attention to talented students from authorities and lack of proper planning education. In the analysis, the employment of academic failure (P=0.036), living situation (P=0.018), socioeconomic status (P=0.026), disease (P=0.009), parental education (P=0.043), type of Planning (P=0.010), the presence in the classroom (P=0.012) and the current interest in the field (P=0.021), was found to have a significant correlation.

Various factors affect talented students’ educational underachievement.Exploring these factors and providing solutions to educational administrators, seem necessary and are recommended to researchers.

One of the most important indicators of university performance is students' academic achievement. Therefore, this study intended to determine the factors affecting the academic performance of medical students belonging to martyrs’ and veterans’ families at Arak University of Medical Sciences.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 medical students belonging to martyrs’ and veterans’ families, selected through census sampling, during the academic year 2018-2019. The data collection tool was a valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire asking about the participants’ demographic information and the influencing factors on their academic performance. The data were analyzed and interpreted using AMOS and SPSS 22.

The mean age of the respondents was 19.02 years. They were mostly women (74%). There was no significant relationship between sex (P=0.58), local inhabitant (P=0.88), students’ occupation (P=0.079) and academic performance. However, there was a significant relationship between family’s economic status (P=0.018), parents’ educational level (P=0.023), knowledge of the field/ professional role (P=0.001), physical space/ environment (P=0.001) and students' academic performance.

Based on the results of the present study, considering the influencing factors of students' academic performance from their own viewpoint can promote their academic performance, increase academic achievement and prevent academic failure. Therefore, it is suggested that educational institutions have accurate and coherent planning to support the mentioned factors and eliminate their possible shortcomings.

 Midwifery services comprise community health. In addition to the tensions of the educational environment, the students of this field are also exposed to the tensions of the clinical environment. With consideration to the importance of midwifery education, the current research was conducted with the aim of determining the stress factors in the clinical education of midwifery students.

 This cross-sectional goal-oriented study was conducted in the fall of 1400. The research tools consisted of a personal information questionnaire and a survey questionnaire on stress factors in clinical education, including stress factors in eight areas, which were distributed among 85 midwifery students in North Khorasan province. Then, the data were analyzed using the statistical software SPSS 23 and statistical indicators of mean, standard deviation, frequency distribution and Chi-square.

 80 out of 85 students completed the questionnaires. Clinical stressors were generally ranked as low stress with a score of 189. The areas of unpleasant feelings and clinical experiences, patient, educational environment and student’s skills were ranked as low stress with the respective scores of 196, 145, 174, 171. Clinical instructor and clinical experiences areas with scores of 225 and 254 ranked as medium stress. The student's personality was ranked as stress-free with a score of 132.

 Considering the higher level of stress in the areas of the instructor and clinical experiences, it is necessary to reduce the tension by dealing with its sources so that the students can perform their duties as stable and efficient forces after graduation.

 Clinical problems are solved through continuous assessment of students' educational process and evaluation of the intended goals achievement using log books. This study intended to determine dental students' views about using Log books to improve the quality of education in general restorative dentistry.

 This was a descriptive-analytical study with 61 students who had chosen practical restorative course in the dental school of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences during the academic year 2019-20. The participants were selected through census sampling. The data was gathered using a researcher-made questionnaire whose face and content validity was confirmed through 10 experts' opinion and its reliability using Cronbach’s alpha (0.83). The questionnaire included four areas of necessity of using logbooks (score range of 7 to 21), implementation process (score range of 8 to 24), content quality (score range of 20 to 60) and how to complete the logbook (score range of 2 to 10). The data was analyzed using SPSS 21.

 The results indicated that the mean scores for the necessity to use logbooks, the implementation process, content quality and completing logbooks were13.57±3.96, 13.13±3.388, 40.492±11.483 and 6.525±3.487 respectively. There was a significant relationship between the courses of practical restoration 2 and 3 in the area of  the necessity of using logbooks, but there was no significant relationship in the areas of logbook design and implementation process, content quality and completing the logbooks (P>0.05).

 The necessity to use clinical skills record books in clinical evaluation was signified by more than half of the students of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences and completing them was highly emphasized by over one third of the participants. Therefore, through more control over the process of completing and implementing booklets and overcoming their weaknesses, more satisfaction would be provided to the students.