نشریه پژوهش مدیریت آموزش کشاورزی
سال سیزدهم شماره 59 (زمستان 1400)

In recent decades, the Ministry of Agriculture-Jahad has been holding informal skill trainings for farmers with the aim of extension of new technologies. The sample size was estimated to be 212 using the Cochran's formula. In order to select the samples, stratified random sampling method with proportional assignment was used. The validiy of the instrument was evaluated by panel of experts including specialists of the Agricultural Research, Education . For determining the reliability of the research instrument, the pioneer test method and completing the questionnaires by a group of 30 people, outside from the statistical population and calculating the values of the ordinal theta coefficient θ = 0.81-98 . Ordinal regression findings indicate that among the characteristics of the training course, instructor and content, variables amount of practical hours of the course, ease and comprehensibility of content, the amount of practical skills of the instructor and the amount of use of scientific and specialized visits in duration of the course” remained at the level of significance of 5% and the practical skills of the instructor remained at the level of 1% in the model. Also, the results of nonparametric Wilcoxon test showed that in five indicators, increasing the technical knowledge of users, increasing the skills of users, increasing income and improving the livelihood of users, improving motivation and job satisfaction and increasing quantitatively and improving the quality of products, there are statistically significant difference between before and after participation in the courses at the 99% confidence level

The main objective of this research is to analyze the challenges and solutions of Using mobile learning in providing educational services to farmers.The methodology of this study is quantitative and it is an applied research. The statistical population of the study was agriculture experts in East Azerbaijan province (N = 429). Based on the Cochran Formula, a sample size of 202 was estimated by cluster sampling method. Formal validity and convergent validity were used to assess the validity of the questionnaire. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the mean of variance extracted was acceptable for the studied structures (AVE≥0.550). Also, the combined reliability value was suitable for all structures (CR≥0.802). Data were analyzed using by SPSS20 and AMOS21 soft wares. The results showed that the most important challenge is the non-recognition of the mobile learning system by agricultural training centers. Also, infrastructure, skills and participation, psychological, technical (hardware and software), knowledge and information, costs and lack of economic power, 62% of the variance of the challenges of using mobile learning in presentation Explained educational services to farmers. Finally, supportive, infrastructural, managerial, attitudinal and educational strategies were developed as solutions to meet the challenges of applying mobile learning in agricultural education, respectively.

In the current situation, the management of universities are facing the challenge of attracting students and the need for them to have a different mental image of the university in the competitive market of higher education. This applied research was conducted to investigate the effect of students' mental image of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources on their perception and expectation of the quality of educational services and was performed using a quantitative research method based on the survey. The statistical population of the study was composed of 500 students. The Krejcie and Morgan table was used to determine the sample size and 216 students were selected by the stratified random sampling method as the study sample. The research instrument was a questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by a group of experts. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by pretest and Teta coefficient (Ө = 0.928, 0.889, and 0.919). The differences between respondents' perceptions and expectations of the quality of educational services using the Wilcoxon test showed that in most cases, the average perceptions of respondents are higher than their average expectations of the quality of educational services. Findings of the Spearman correlation test showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between respondents' perceptions of the quality of academic services and their mental image of the university brand, but there is a positive and significant relationship between respondents' expectations of the quality of academic services and their mental image of the university brand.

The purpose of this study is to identify, define and select evaluation indicators for the third mission of the faculties of agriculture and natural resources and to determine criteria for evaluating these indicators .This research uses a combined approach after conducting a qualitative study and using the Delphi method in four stages, in order to confirm the extracted indicators and criteria, conduct a quantitative study. According to the research results, the indicators of the third mission in seven dimensions include: conducting joint research and consulting, use of university facilities, commercialization and entrepreneurial activities, knowledge exchange and non-academic publications, networking and public interaction and promotion and Facilitation is placed, the acceptability of each being measured by thirteen criteria. According to the findings of the present study, the third mission in the faculties of agriculture and natural resources is a multifaceted approach beyond the entrepreneurial dimension and has the ability to meet the needs of diverse stakeholders in the agricultural community

Education is one of the tools to increase the empowerment of women facilitators. For this reason, this study was conducted to investigate the educational factors affecting the empowerment of rural women facilitators in Bushehr and Hormozgan provinces. This research is field in terms of data collection and analysis and is causal in terms of possibility and ability to control variables. The period of this research was 2019 and the place of its implementation was Bushehr and Hormozgan provinces. The statistical population of the study is 850 rural women facilitators living in the two provinces (N = 850) and the sample size was 285 (n = 285) according to the Krejcie-Morgan table. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that they are underlying factors as one of the important contexts in increasing the empowerment of women facilitators such as officials' belief in the scientific abilities of rural women facilitators, positive attitude towards education and empowerment of rural women. According to the needs assessment and climatology of the target area of women facilitators and the existence of efficient educational organizations of rural facilitators and the causal situation and background conditions of education can explain up to 43% of the variability of capabilities of women facilitators of agricultural extension. In the meantime, the components of training methods and the background conditions of education have the most positive impact on promoting the empowerment of rural women facilitators.

Tof citrus education of researchers at the Mazandaran Agricultural Research and Training Center This study sought to determine the extent to which intellectual capital affects the performance of researchers in the Mazandaran Agricultural Research and Training Center in the field of citrus training. This research is considered as an exploratory descriptive research in terms of applied purpose and as a descriptive research in terms of visibility. The statistical population also included all helper researchers, numbering 146 people, of which, using Cochran's formula, 110 people were selected as a sample, and with the proportional allocation formula, the share of each center in each city from the sample volume was determined and calculated. To formulate the theoretical framework of the research, the method of documentary study and search through electronic sources and to collect data through interviews and standard intellectual capital questionnaire based on Bontis and Holland model and a researcher-made questionnaire of educational performance has been used. For data analysis, correlation matrix, diagnostic factor analysis, sequential regression and modeling of structural equations were used using SMART-PLS software. The results showed The coefficient of intellectual capital path on the performance of helper researchers was equal to 0.245 and the value of t was equal to 2.637. Path analysis showed that at the error level of P = 0.05, intellectual capital has a positive and significant effect on the performance of researchers in the Mazandaran Agricultural Research and Training Center in the field of citrus production.

The use of precision agriculture has become an undeniable necessity in the agricultural sector today. Paying attention to this issue in student cooperatives is doubly important in terms of skills development and student education. The present article tries to examine the educational needs of the members of 4802 Student Cooperatives of Razi University of Agriculture and Natural Resources regarding precision agriculture. The study population was active student cooperative members in 1400 (N = 121), 98 of whom were studied using stratified sampling method with proportional assignment. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed by experts and Cronbach's alpha. Data analysis using Burich model showed that students' knowledge about precision agriculture is at a low level (mean 1.80 and standard deviation 0.85). The results also showed that the subjects studied GPS global positioning system, technologies related to product performance maps, point-to-point measurement of the product, equipping existing machines with automatic control systems and technologies related to weed maps. They have stated as their most important educational need. The results of the regression model also showed that about 71% of the changes in the educational needs of cooperative members are explained by the variables: participation in training courses and access to information resources. Therefore, it is necessary to help strengthen this skill in agricultural students through strategies such as: holding courses and workshops, forming telegram and WhatsApp groups, inviting specialists, and so on..

Adaptation to climate change requires appropriate knowledge. This study identifies extension programs effects and citrus farmers’ perception regarding adaptation to climate change on their knowledge. The research used a quantitative and explanatory perspective. The data were collected using interviews with a sample of 276 out of 99897 citrus farmers in the Mazandaran Province in 2021, selected by a multi-stage sampling technique. Farmers’ knowledge, perception, and access to extension programs were measured through ordinal-scaled questions. The questionnaire validity was evaluated by academic staff and researchers and its reliability was assessed using a pilot study with 30 farmers and the ordinal coefficient theta (θ = 0.92) for farmers’ knowledge. The data were analyzed using SPSSWin software and applying descriptive statistics, correlation coefficients, and ordinal regression. Results showed farmers perceived their citrus orchards’ high vulnerability to climate variability. Farmers' knowledge regarding long-term and short-term strategies to adapt to climate change was low and moderate respectively. Farmers had moderate access to extension agents and mass media and had poor access to group-based extension programs, but obtained low information on climate change from them. A significant correlation was between farmers’ communication and their information obtained. The odds ratios of the regression showed farmers' knowledge was explained by their perceptions of climate change vulnerability (R2Pseudo=2.394) and increased temperature (R2Pseudo=0.580), information obtains from researchers (R2Pseudo=1.473), and access to mass media (R2Pseudo=1.060). Policies are proposed to expand and strengthen the group-based and mass media extension programs, the interactions between researchers and farmers, and agricultural extension agents’ programs.

the purpose of this study was to understand the tendency to choose a field in technical and professional branches and agricultural skills of ninth grade rural students and the factors affecting it. This research is a component of combined research in terms of nature and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of this study includes 1370 ninth grade students of rural boys working in the first secondary educational centers of Shushtar city in the academic year 1401-1400. The sample size was determined using Cochran's formula and using stratified random sampling method with a proportional allocation of 300 people.Were chosen Data collection tools; Nemati Academic Motivation Questionnaire (1399) and the validity and content of the questionnaire has been confirmed by professors and experts. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for different parts of this questionnaire was calculated between 0.72 and 0.92. Descriptive findings of this study showed that 23.3% of the students are interested in continuing their education in agricultural vocational school and 76/7 % were not interested in choosing agriculture. There was a positive and significant relationship between personal characteristics, social factor, and political factor, economic factor, challenging and tolerating ambiguity with the motivation of rural students to continue their education in agricultural vocational school. The results of sequential regression analysis showed that the variables of social factor, political factor, agricultural work experience,